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The Origins of Modern Tourism-Transport Technology...

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             We need to consider how certain technological changes have made mass tourism possible. This question is so crucial to understanding mass tourism because modern tourism and transport are inseparably linked. Tourism has always depended on the transport modes available and transport is also a component of the tourist product itself. For a good discussion of how the mode of transport is inseparably linked to the tourist product type Cooper et al. provides a very good summary of this.
             The origins of domestic tourism on a mass scale and the seaside resort.
             The first transport mode that I will consider will be the railways in Britain between 1840 and 1940. It can be argued that railways aided industrialisation and therefore created the demand for holidays as a break from the boredom of factory routine. But they also created the means by which that demand for holidays could be satisfied. The railway excursion began the era of cheap holiday travel for the masses according to J.A.R Pimlott . The railway excursion was a special railway trip at greatly reduced prices began from the late 1830's. So it is entirely appropriate to begin this discussion by firstly considering the railways.
             It is first necessary to provide some background on the railways to put this discussion into context. The railway age began on September 15th 1830 the day in which the first modern railway, the Liverpool to Manchester route was officially opened. The first train was Robert Stephenson's Rocket which proved capable of averaging 16 m.p.h and could reach speeds of 30 m.p.h, at the time this was considered too fast . The truly rapid growth of trains came about due to the advent of the steam engine and the main construction period for the railways was from 1830 to 1870.
             The last 30 years before World War one was the great age of the railways. There was no other transport mode that could compete with them for long distance travel. Speed, comfort and reliability were all approaching present day standards as the public began to demand greater comfort and more elegant surroundings .


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