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What is a Transistor

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             Variations of FET technology are based on different ways of generating the electric field. In all of these, however, electrons at the gate are used only for their charge in order to create an electric field around the channel, and there is a minimal flow of electrons through the gate. This leads to a very high de input resistance in devices that use FETs for their input circuitry. There may be quite a bit of capacitance between the gate and the other FET terminals, however. The input impedance may be quite low at RF. .
             The current through an FET only has to pass through a single type of semiconductor material. There is very little resistance in the absence of an electric field (no bias voltage). The drain-source resistance (rDS ON) is between a few hundred ohms to less than an ohm. The output impedance of devices made with FETs is generally quite low. If a gate bias voltage is added to operate the transistor near cut off, the circuit output impedance may be much higher. .
             FET devices are constructed on a substrate of doped semiconductor material. The channel is formed within the substrate and has the opposite polarity (a P-channel FET has N-type substrate). Most FETs are constructed with silicon. In order to achieve a higher gain-bandwidth product, other materials have been used.
             Placing an insulating layer between the gate and the channel allows for a wider range of control (gate) voltages and further decreases the gate current (and thus increases the device input resistance). The insulator is typically made of an oxide (such as silicon dioxide, SiO2), This type of device is called a metal-oxide-semiconductor FET (MOSFET) or insulated-gate FET (IGFET). The substrate is often connected to the source internally. The insulated gate is on the opposite side of the channel from the substrate. The bias voltage on the gate terminal either attracts or repels the majority carriers of the substrate across the PN junction with the channel.


Essays Related to What is a Transistor

1. semiconductor

(Beiser) We should find out more in the common combination of a p-n junction in the semiconductor device: Junction Diode, Tunnel Diode, Zener Diode, Junction Transistor, and Field-Effect Transistor. ... Unlike other transistors, quickly respond to appropriate voltage is the characteristic of the Tunnel Diode. ... Junction Transistor: this device amplifies the weak signal into a stronger one. ... Field-Effect Transistor: this device has the similar function as junction transistor, but field-effect transistor can amplify the signal with very low input impedance. ... Semiconductors have brought ...

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2. Moore's Law and Computing

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4. The Transition From Synchronous To Asynchronous

In 1965, Gordon Moore, the co-founder of Intel made the observation that the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits had doubled every year since the integrated circuit was invented. ... Although the initial observation of transistors doubling every year has slowed down, it does still exists; only now they double every eighteen months. ... By the year 2012 Intel plans to have the ability to integrate one billion transistors into a chip which will run at a speed of ten gigahertz. ... This method allowed many transistors to be put on a single chip, and this allowed the creat...

  • Word Count: 661
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5. Transition From Synchronous To Asynchronous Chips

In 1965, Gordon Moore, the co-founder of Intel made the observation that the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits had doubled every year since the integrated circuit was invented. ... Although the initial observation of transistors doubling every year has slowed down, it does still exists; only now they double every eighteen months. ... By the year 2012 Intel plans to have the ability to integrate one billion transistors into a chip which will run at a speed of ten gigahertz. ... This method allowed many transistors to be put on a single chip, and this allowed the creat...

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6. Computer History

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7. EUVL and mobiles

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8. IBM and the system 360 decision Case on IBM (A) : The System

In the first generation of computers, there were about 2,000 components per cubic foot; the second generation uses transistors instead of tubes at 5,000 per cubic foot. ... Honeywell was ahead of the technology development where it offers a newer, faster, and cheaper transistors, with 30% price lower and it has the reprogramming capability. ... IBM develops an 8000 series, which suppose to replace 7000 series, it designed base on transistor technology, a second-generation computer, but it has more capability than any of IBM model. ... The problem of IBM was what is the next new product line? ....

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9. Fathers Of The Modern Computer

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