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BAUHAUS MOVEMENT


            
             The Bauhaus movement started just after the First World War and .
             was inspirational in pulling together artists, designers, architects and .
             many other thinkers under one creative roof.
             The moving spirit was Walter Gropius, who wrote in the school's first manifesto, "The ultimate aim of all creative activity is the building". This was a new way of thinking, as artists were traditionally separated from designers, architects and engineers. Gropius announced his intention of starting the Bauhaus as a shamelessly elitist "Republic of Intelligence", and his first step was to enlist the right personalities. "It is vital for everyone that we recruit lively people. We must not start with mediocrity," he said.
             Early influences .
             Gropius was influenced by the example in Britain of William Morris, who had created the Arts & Crafts movement. This developed a school and a culture that revived medieval methods of working and manufacture. Morris's hatred of the industrial revolution and resulting .
             mass production drove him to redesign anything and everything, because it had to have an "organic" feel to it and fit in with his chosen way of life.
             His utopian ideal failed to inspire the masses, but Morris became a political force in the Socialist movement, preaching that culture should be by and for the people. This became the rallying cry for many new movements and was to be an important part of the Bauhaus foundation.
             After the war.
             The Bauhaus was the first reformed Art School after the First World War to take up teaching in the new Republic of Germany. In many Art Schools it proved virtually impossible to implement any reforms at all and at first sight, the Bauhaus programme was the same as any other school, with pupils studying handicrafts, drawing and sciences. .
             What was new, however, was the overall goal which Gropius set the school and his hope that the young people who were educated at the Bauhaus would carry its ideals into society at large.


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