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Juvenile Violence

            
            
            
             The concept of juvenile justice first emerged in England during the middle ages. As American colonies became settled many of the England procedures carried over. Since the seventeenth century the American Juvenile Justice history can be divided into five periods. The first is the Puritan period (1646-1824). In 1646 Massachusetts Stubborn Child Law was created, this was colonist first attempt in dealing with problem children. Next was the Refuge Period (1824-1899). During this time the focus was more on delinquent and dependent children. Institutions were established to teach the children good work and study habits, discipline, and how to live in a healthy environment. Following this was the Juvenile Court Period (1899-1960). Reformers pushed to get a separate juvenile court system and succeeded. In 1899 Illinois established the first juvenile justice system and many others followed soon after. The fourth period is known as the Juvenile Rights Period (1960-1980), juveniles were given due process rights. They had the right to counsel, protection against double jeopardy between juvenile court and adult court, before a juvenile can be labeled delinquent there must be proof established beyond a reasonable doubt, and they do not have a constitutional right of trial by jury. The current period is The Crime Control Period (1980- Present). Due to the increase in crime rate and the number of juveniles committing crimes policies are focusing more on crime control. In 1984 the Supreme Court ruled that because of parens patriae (which was established in the England court system) juveniles could be held in detention until their court date or hearing (Cole and Smith).
             Over the centuries the juvenile justice processes has changed tremendously from differing from the adult court system to becoming very similar to it. It still remains less formal and its intentions are to rehabilitate, but keep juveniles in the community.


Essays Related to Juvenile Violence

1. The Juvenile Delinquency System

... and could develop chronic health problems that could lead into delinquency (J. Siegel & C. Welsh, 7). Another cause for juvenile delinquency is family problems. Children that witness domestic violence in their homes are likely to turn out the same way as their parents, especially if they got physically abused ... attract criminals because there is a sense that you can do whatever you want in these places. Education can determine whether a youth may become a juvenile delinquent. Studies show that children who grow up in low income homes are less likely to achieve in school and are less l...

  • Word Count: 3291
  • Approx Pages: 13
  • Grade Level: High School

2. Juvenile Delinquency

... by only 6 percent (FBI, Uniform Crime Reports, 1994). Among teenagers 15 to 19 years old, the escalation of gun violence is particularly alarming: one of every four deaths of a teenager is attributable to a firearm injury. The number of juvenile violent crime arrests will double by the year 2010 if current arrest and population trends continue. Can our communities bear another ... children and their families in the first 5 years of life (Mendel). Research suggests that predatory and psychopathological violence may be more effectively treated by early interventions and that the family-fo...

  • Word Count: 2822
  • Approx Pages: 11
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Graduate

3. California and the Juvenile Crime Initiative

... , resulting in an eighteen-count indictment against eleven Latin Kings (U.S. Department of Justice, 1994-1996). It is apparent that many states are fed up with the rising trend in juvenile and gang related violence, and as a result, have established various programs and enacted laws that move away from the rehabilitative era that was developed in the 1960's and 1970's and more towards ... not to treat them as adults, but to get to the root of the problem that causes juvenile violence. A good start would be to limit the violence in our media. Our children are inundated with violence in th...

  • Word Count: 2063
  • Approx Pages: 8
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

4. Juvenile Deliquency

... delinquents, in order to put a stop to it; we must diminish the population of juvenile delinquency. Reducing Juvenile delinquency would help the United States in winning the battle against violence and crime. Parent's have a strong influence in determining wither their children become juvenile delinquents. In order to end juvenile delinquency society as a whole must recognize and understand the cause of the problem. Parents ... crime lead juveniles into the same path by giving juveniles someone to imitate, and reinforcing the idea that substance use, violence, or crime is acceptable. Soc...

  • Word Count: 1969
  • Approx Pages: 8
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

5. Triggers of Juvenile Crime and Delinquency

... and it is often learned from parents and family members (American Psychological Association, 1996 ). The level of exposure to violence in home play important role to become involving delinquent acts for juvenile. According to Janet Carter, witnessing parental domestic violence and exposing domestic violence is similar to each other in terms of consequences and both of them are contribute children delinquency. Researches show that ... effected similar or in the same way but it is clear that parental violence contribute children's delinquency. To sum up, for the aforementioned two reasons...

  • Word Count: 784
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

6. Gang violence

... the majority of gang members arrested were male, female delinquency is also on the rise. (Sadler, 1997) Still, other voices question the perception of increased juvenile violence and also the statistics. In Images and Reality: Juvenile Crime, Youth Violence, and Public Policy, the authors contend that arrest statistics represent the number of juveniles arrested for violent crime "not the number of violent crimes ... life is offering very little, gangs offer an identity and an opportunity for self-assertion. (Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential) There are numerous opinions...

  • Word Count: 2207
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7. Effects that the Enviroment Have on Juvenile Deliquency

... p.1). Hensley et al., (1999) has an explanation why blacks get involved with delinquency. They argue two theories, subculture theory of violence and the self-control theory. Most theories that have introduced the black-white differentials in juvenile crime tend to focus on economic deprivation, subculture adaptations, self-esteem, intelligence, family structure, and the legacy of racism and discrimination ... on behavior (Hensley et al., 1999, p.2). The most prominent explanation for the involvement by blacks in violence is the subculture of violence theory. Wolfgang and Ferracuti devel...

  • Word Count: 3369
  • Approx Pages: 13
  • Grade Level: High School

8. Juvenile Delinquency

... greater aggressiveness. Sometimes, watching a single violent program can increase aggressiveness. Juveniles who view shows, in which violence is very realistic, frequently repeated or left unpunished, are more likely to imitate what they see. The impact of TV violence may be immediately evident in a juvenile's behavior or may surface years later, arid young people can even be affected when the family atmosphere shows ... no tendency toward violence. However, this does not mean that violence on television is the only source for aggressive or violent behavior, but it is ... more delinquen...

  • Word Count: 946
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

9. Token Economy in Juvenile Correctional Facilities

... that affects the outcome of the behaviors such as mental illnesses and disabilities. According to the article, overall, confirmed youth-on-youth assaults have more than tripled at the secure juvenile offender facilities statewide in the five years since lawmakers approved those reforms. Attacks on staff members have also increased (Grissom, 2012). Since reforming have taken place in these facilities such ... -youth physical assaults at state secure facilities grew to 54 assaults per 100 youths in 2011 from 17 assaults per 100 youths in 2007 (Grissom, 2012). The rate of youth violence amo...

  • Word Count: 3177
  • Approx Pages: 13
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

10. The Juvenile Justice System

... " (DiIulio, 1995a) who would become a "new breed " of cold-blooded murderers (DiIulio, 1995b). Second, DiIulio and Wilson predicted that a new "wave " of juvenile violence would occur approximately between 1995 and 2010 based on a projected increase in the under-18 population (DiIulio, 1996; Wilson, 1995). The sharp increase in adolescent and young adult ... and doomsday projections (Howell, 2003b; Males, 1996; Snyder & Sickmund, 2000; Zimring, 1998). A new wave of minority superpredators did not develop, nor did a general wave of juvenile violence occur. To be sure, rates of violent juve...

  • Word Count: 2448
  • Approx Pages: 10
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

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