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Duality of Human Nature


Having spent his life as a rationalist, he cannot deal with the world that Jekyll's experiments have revealed. Literary critic Brittany Nelson explains the cause of Lanyon's death, "The death of the doctor, finally explained because of the exposure to the pure evil of the Jekyll experiment gone wrong. The evil that is exposed by Jekyll/Hyde literally poisons the pure and good Dr. Lanyon, therefore, reinforcing the theme that pure evil lies in all humanity and that its exposure is a catastrophic mistake" (8).
             Deep within him, Lanyon prefers to die rather than go on living in a universe that has, from his point of view, been turned upside down. Stevenson uses the narrative voice of Dr. Lanyon to give the reader foreshadowing of the truth about Jekyll and Hyde. His unique writing structure tells the reader that what Jekyll is doing is evil, and now it is destroying the good. .
             Another narrative voice Stevenson uses in the novel is that of Henry Jekyll. Jekyll is a scientist and the protagonist of the story. Vladimir Nabokov, a literary critic, gives us a clearer insight of Jekyll, "Dr. Jekyll is a fat, benevolent physician, not without human frailties, who at times by means of a potion projects himself into, or concentrates or precipitates, an evil person of brutal and animal nature taking the name of Hyde" (3449). While it is true that Jekyll largely appears as moral, decent and enjoying a reputation as a courteous and genial man, he in fact never fully embodies virtue in the way that Hyde embodies evil. Hyde is described as a primitive creature; he has the original, authentic nature of man. We have two natures; it is whether one is predominant. Stevenson suggests that the dark, instinctual side of man remains strong enough to devour anyone who, like Jekyll, proves foolish enough to release it.
             Jekyll begins his narrative by describing his metaphysical views that the soul is made of two separate distinctions: the good and the bad.


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