The death penalty has become one of the most publicized and controversial issues in society today.  Since the winter of 1936, the debate over capital .
            
punishment has swayed from great public support to meager numbers of .
            
proponents.  In December of 1936, the first scientific death penalty poll was .
            
conducted and resulted in 61 percent of the populous "believe[d] in .
            
the death penalty for murder" (Acker, 27).  The poll measured public .
            
sentiment about the death penalty in light of the exceptional media attention .
            
given to the execution of Bruno Hauptman, the alleged Lindbergh-baby .
            
kidnapper and murderer.  Since this first capital punishment poll, there have .
            
been many others.  A poll in 1966 indicated an all-time low in capital .
            
punishment approval ratings when support fell to 42 percent.  Since then, .
            
support of capital punishment in the United States has grown an average of .
            
more than one percentage point a year.  Surprisingly, in no year in which .
            
capital punishment polls were conducted, has a majority of Americans opposed .
            
the death penalty.  .
            
One outstanding question arises in light of America's acceptance of the death .
            
penalty: how has the deliberate and planned killing of "criminals" become .
            
such a desired and endorsed feature of our society?  Public support for the .
            
death penalty has remained high; however, by government standards, capital .
            
punishment is regarded as cruel and unusual.  The 8th Amendment to the .
            
Constitution provides protection from such punishment declared cruel and .
            
unusual.  In the death penalty policy of 1890, only such things as "burning .
            
by the stake, crucifixion, breaking on the wheel, or the like" were .
            
prohibited.  All of these things would definitely appear cruel and unusual to .
            
people today, the list of overly harsh punishments was expanded in 1947, .
            
after the electric chair failed to work twice in capital punishment .
            
executions.  It was banned from use and declared another form of cruel and .