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Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

            
             The destruction of two Japanese cities namely Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 at the hands of American Atomic bombs unveiled not only the enormous destructive capability of the nuclear devices but also the hazards and the holocausts which were in store for the humanity. The first atomic explosion started a nuclear race among the great powers. Within the span of a decade the Soviet Union, Britain and France also joined the nuclear club. In 1964 Peoples Republic of China too exploded an atomic device. Thus by the middle of the sixties the problem of nuclear proliferation had assumed serious proportions especially when several other nations like Israel, India, South Africa and Brazil were also on the threshold of becoming nuclear states. .
             The nuclear hazards became graver with the passage of each year. Particularly the developing nations felt more concerned about the growing complications emerging from the increasing threat to their safety. The gravity of the problem of nuclear proliferation can be judged from the fact that despite signing the Limited Test Ban Treaty in 1963 the USA, USSR, and UK continued with their underground nuclear explosions. It is estimated that from 1963 to 1967 the number of nuclear explosions made by US was 166, by USSR 48, by UK 1, by France 18 and by China 7. .
             As a result there had been a persistent demand in the United Nations for the conclusion of a treaty to curb the spread of nuclear weapons. Even when the Geneva Disarmament Conference began its work in 1965, the majority of the delegates were anxious to see the Americans and Russians sink their differences and put before the conference a joint proposal. The final draft of the treaty was prepared only in January 1968. The General Assembly of UN passed on 12 June 1968 a resolution by which it recommended the adoption of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) by its members. The treaty was approved by the General Assembly by an overwhelming majority.


Essays Related to Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

1. Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Global Implications of Nuclear Weapons and Treaties There are two major treaties in the world today involving nuclear testing. One treaty is the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and the other is the United Nations Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty. These treaties were produced to eliminate testing of weapons of mass destruction as a primary source of global instability and danger. In 1954, Prime Minister of ... India, Jawaharlal Nehru, called for a worldwide comprehensive test ban treaty. His intentions on this treaty were to end the nuclear arms ... safe and effective. He also proposes t...

  • Word Count: 703
  • Approx Pages: 3

2. A Study on International Security

... to its sphere of influence. 3.0 challenges facing Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) is the cornerstone of the global security environment. This year marks the 45 anniversary of the Treaty that regulates nuclear weapon in the world (Kristensen and Norris, 2014). The treaty retains international support from major world powers to ensure there is international ... security. However, they are four countries with nuclear weapon outside its ambit which makes it difficult to enforce the treaty ... these nations understand they will face costs if they do...

  • Word Count: 2552
  • Approx Pages: 10
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

3. Nuclear Proliferation

... tragedy, yet the possibility of the use of nuclear weapons grows every day. Most countries that pose a threat have signed and even ratified the NPT. The current threats of Iran help to emphasize this; "Despite Iran's status in the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), Tehran is pursuing a nuclear weapons program- (CIA). It is actions like this that discredit the UN, the ... treaty itself, and compromise global security. This could however be solved, if there were legitimate punishments for not abiding by the guidelines laid out by ... the NPT. Not only are nuclear we...

  • Word Count: 1113
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

4. Threat Of Nuclear War

... levels of 3,500 and 3,000 respectively. This followed the Strategic arms limitation treaty, START I of 1972, which limited the number of nuclear arm each nation could have. (11) The U.S. also signed the Nuclear Nonproliferation treaty, NPT, with Russia in 1968. 62 other nations signed the treaty in 1968 (11), and in 1995 the NPT was extended indefinitely. (11) In 1996 the U.N. general assembly approved ... the comprehensive test ban treaty, CTBT, which banned nuclear testing undersea, underground, and in the air. All 5 declared ... the United States and Russia. This severely restricts ...

  • Word Count: 1452
  • Approx Pages: 6
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

5. The US and Iran's Nuclear Program

... partners. Most challenging will be winning broader support from Russia and China for U.S. objectives. U.S. strategic choices could have important consequences for the broader international nonproliferation regime (Einhorn, 2014). Strategy Recommendation/Advice The central strategic recommendation is that negotiations with Iran and offers of positive incentives in return for Iranian concessions ... The continued offer of positive incentives can instead be perceived as an integral part of an overall containment strategy: it helps build international support for U.S. nonproliferation effort...

  • Word Count: 1315
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

6. The Israeli Defense Force

... nuclear option was perceived as an insurance policy in case Israel lost its conventional defense capacity or if Arab countries acquired nuclear weapons. Israel, therefore, refused to join the Nonproliferation Treaty of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), but maintained since 1965 that it will not be the first to introduce nuclear weapons into the region, a somewhat ambiguous statement. Officially, Israel neither acknowledged nor denied that ... "Israel will not be the first to introduce nuclear weapons into the Middle East." As of 1988, Israel had not acceded to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation o...

  • Word Count: 6784
  • Approx Pages: 27
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

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