1. The Yanomamo
The Zinacantecos food collecting and food producing system consists of cultivating corn, squash, beans and fruit trees. They also raise animals for food, do some foraging for wild foods, and rarely hunt for meat. They specialize mostly in corn production because it is used to feed the family and to trade for other goods in town. Plots of land are farmed by the men of individual families, family groups, or a large plot owned by a Latino is leased and farmed by a group of men. Beans and squash are planted between the rows of corn and after the harvest the corn stalks are burnt to return the nutrients to the ground.
The Yanomamos bulk of food comes from the garden (manioc, maize, and bananas). As much time as is spent gardening is spent hunting and gathering wild foods to supplement their diet. Starting the gardens is the job of the husband. The slash-and-burn technique is also used. Gardens usually last about three years with additions made to them each year. They are planted, then they let them grow with little to no weeding or up-keep. The site of the garden is determined by the location of the village. When a tribe is on the move and without a garden they are able to sustain themselves on just what they can hunt and gather in the forest. Some trading is done with food products between villages, but not much.
The Zinacantecos organization of production and exchange is based on a subsistence economy, which means they provide for their own needs. Some things they do trade or buy such as, rum, candles, salt and musical instruments. They sell flowers, surplus corn and beans. This interaction is done between Highland and Lowland villages, Indians and Latinos, or to the "public" in cities. The interaction takes place usually in markets or at "fiestas", whose main objective is for trade. Wage work is very uncommon but is increasing.
The Yanomoamo have a completely self-sufficient culture.
The life of Yanomamo people is indeed filled with violence. ... The Yanomamo people habitually use hallucinogenic drugs and are all addicted to tobacco. ... Yanomamo people are simply "not worth consideration". ... "The Yanomamo themselves regard fights over women as the primary causes of their wars." ... Chagnon often described the friendships that he made with some of the Yanomamo people. ...
This is a look into the lives of the Yanomamo Indians of Brazil and Venezuela. ... There is also mentioning of how the government treated the Yanomamo decades ago some of the history of the Yanomamo Indians. ... Chagnon has also formed a group called the Yanomamo Survival Fund. ... During Chagnon's 50 months of fieldwork on the Yanomamo Indians, all of it was done with the Yanomamo in Venezuela except of one brief period in 1967. ... Yanomamo village population size and land area vary. ...
The Yanomamo live in the tropical rainforests of Brazil and Venezuela. ... (Smoles 1976:7) The Yanomamo as a culture has found a way to adapt to their environment. ... Like the Yanomamo, the Masaai also have a sort of adapting ritual (Masaai.com). ... This proves that the Yanomamo have more than one way in which marriage is practiced. ... In comparison to the Yanomamo, they do...
The Yanomamo has a unique family organization. ... However, when the Yanomamo becomes ten years old, one thirds of them live in a family with their parents, and one tenth of them are in such family when they comes to be twenty years old. This means that most marriageable aged Yanomamo men don't have a living father, who must die from attacks of raiders or accidents. In Yanomamo society, marriages are arranged by a father, but, in the case of absence of a father, they are arranged by elder men of their kinship or elder male friends. The Yanomamo usually marry more than one wife as ...
Yanomamo women are treated as materialistic objects and promised by their father or brother to a Yanomamo man in return for reciprocity. ... The trades are often practiced in the Yanomamo culture. Polygamy is also a part of the Yanomamo culture. Yanomamo women are kept in the male's possession. ... Adultery is inexcusable to the Yanomamo. ...
The material that promotes the film in an academic and independent film catalog, BuyIndies.com, describes the process of the ritual by saying: "The shaman plays a vital role in Yanomamo society, for it is he who calls, commands, and often is possessed by spirits, or hekura. ...
The essential difference in these two theories is what drives a society towards its advancements. Marx believed that the inequality between the haves and have-nots would lead to a revolt from the proletariat. (The proletariat are easily described as the workers who are employed by the capitalists.) ...
The material that promotes the film in an academic and independent film catalog, BuyIndies.com, describes the process of the ritual by saying: "The shaman plays a vital role in Yanomamo society, for it is he who calls, commands, and often is possessed by spirits, or hekura. ...