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Social Structure Theories

            
            
             Social disorganization theory is the inability of a community structure to realize the common values of its residents and maintain social control. Social disorganization theory suggests those macro social forces, such as migration and segregation, interact with community level factors, such as concentrated poverty and family disruption, to impede social disorganization. It was developed by Clifford R. Shaw and Henry D. Mc Kay during the first half of the twentieth century. Both were farm boys that came to Chicago for higher education. The two men extended the social disorganization theory by focusing on the social characteristics of the community as a cause of delinquency. They view juvenile delinquency as a result from a breakdown of social control among the traditional primary groups, such as families and neighborhoods, because of the social disorganization of the community. Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and immigration processes contributed to the disorganization of the community. Delinquent behavior became an alternative mode of socialization through which youths who were part of disorganization communities were attracted to deviant lifestyles. Shaw and Mc Kay refocused their analyzations from influence of social disorganization of the community to the importance of economics on high rates of delinquency. They found that the economic and occupational structures of the larger society were more influential in the rise of delinquent behavior than was the social life of the local community. They concluded that the reason members of lower class groups remained in the inner city was less a reflection of their newness of arrival and their lack of acculturation to American institutions than it was a function of their class position in society.
             Cultural deviance theories view delinquent and criminal behavior as an expression of conformity to cultural values and norms that are in opposition to those of the larger society.


Essays Related to Social Structure Theories

1. Sex Dichotomy and Social Structure

Male and female dichotomy demonstrates through biological sex in beginning, gender label and gender display, transgender and then the social structure. ... According to Risman, Sex-role theory is known as infants' socialization will influence their later behavior. ... They will grow up and the social will provide the motivation and social structure determine their gender selves. ... For society, gender means more difference, it structures social life influence into the social demand with clearly something special about you. ... It happens through sex in first and then it maintains throug...

  • Word Count: 1491
  • Approx Pages: 6
  • Has Bibliography

2. Social Conflict

Social Conflict Social struggle tends to be the driving force of our economic needs. ... I intend to prove through my thoughts that Marx's theory of social development will not make sense in a democratic society. That for his theory to work, we will need a new economical theory and a new political system. ... Marx would call today's society a super structure. ... Marx's theory describes that class conflict leads to war. ...

  • Word Count: 1227
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

3. The Network Theory

Network theory can be traced back to Simmel (Aldrich and Kim, 2007), who develops a structural analytical approach to delineate the properties of small groups and social situations that affect behavior across a range of social contents. ... In sociology, network theory seeks to understand social life through the patterns and process of social relations. ... One of the main characteristics that make the social network a distinct level of social structure above social relationships could be the enhancement of power, prestige, and opportunity that accrues to different positions within a social ne...

  • Word Count: 2000
  • Approx Pages: 8
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

4. Behavioral, Cognitive and Constructivist Learning Theories

The other type of cognitive learning theory is social cognitive. ... Both cognitive theories are structured. ... " Constructivists believe learning occurs through social means. ... Transfer of knowledge occurs through socialization and social learning types are best supported by this theory (Koch 96-102). ... The social cognitive learning style theory is best for students who flourish in social situations. ...

  • Word Count: 855
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Has Bibliography

5. The Social Control Theory

These lyrics, sung by Janet Jackson, hold similar ideas that tie into social control theory. ... According to social control theory, these factors also have influence our likelihood to break the law. ... Social strain theory, also similar to social control theory, was developed by famed American sociologist Robert K. ... The theory states that social structures may pressure citizens to commit crimes . ... These types of strain can insinuate social structures within society that then pressure citizens to become criminals. ...

  • Word Count: 778
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: High School

6. Social Welfare

Social welfare is an encompassing and imprecise term, but most often it is defined in terms of organized activities or some other factor that suggests procedure and programs to answer to identified social problems or to ameliorate the well-being of those at risk. ... From a different perspective, Gilbert (1974) referred to social welfare as establishing the rules of the game: with the game being the system of distributing valued resources, such as money; jobs; housing; and educational, health, and social services. ... Once the means of production fall under the control of the state, socialist ...

  • Word Count: 3108
  • Approx Pages: 12
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

7. The Differential Theory and Criminal Behavior

Differential Association Theory is one of several theories in criminology (Sociological Theories of Crime), it has the view that crime arises from society's social structure or organization. ... Other scholars such as [Kor78] have strongly rejected the differential association theory principles that agree with social control. ... Overview and Development of the Differential Association Theory Differential Association Theory is one of the social learning theories that attempt to explain deviance and crime "crime is brought about by a conflict of behaviors that originate from different...

  • Word Count: 1662
  • Approx Pages: 7
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Graduate

8. Exchange Theory

Description of Exchange Theory The basic concept of exchange theory emphasizes cost and beneficial relationships between the interactions of people and their social environment. ... Originally this concept was mainly integrated within micro systems, but it was eventually able to be analyzed among a larger societal structure. ... It appears that systems theory has a broader scope of application pertaining to the various levels of social systems. ... Exchange Theory's Compatibility with Social Work Values and Ethics Unfortunately, exchange theory does not appear to be compatible with...

  • Word Count: 1609
  • Approx Pages: 6

9. Culture And Social Structure

Sheldon Stryker develops this notion of "role theory" to identify how individuals fit into a particular social structure. ... These roles, in turn, are influenced by our social structure. ... This applies to culture and social structure in that, our actions, which are certainly influenced by our culture, belong to us, but are acted out in respect to our social structure. ... Culture and social structure are "in action" as well. ... In conclusion, culture and social structure, similar- yes, synonymous- no. ...

  • Word Count: 1094
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

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