Erikson's development stages
Erik Erikson studied first with Sigmund Freud in Austria. After his mentor died, he worked with Sigmund’s daughter, Anna Freud. Like many of Freud’s supporters, Erikson initially felt that his own theory was simply an elaboration of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. Ultimately, though, he decided he disagreed with too many of Freud's key points. He felt Freud was accurate in noting that people undergo definite junctures in developing their personalities, however, believed that Freud had overemphasized the responsibility that sexual development plays and had neglected adult personality development. In his theory Erikson acknowledged eight separate phases of personality development. During every stage, he thought, the individual undergoes a "crisis" that will lead to either a healthy or an unhealthy trait. For example, if an infant's physical and emotional needs are met suitably, the infant is successful in his/her task -- developing the ability to trust others. However, a person who is hindered in a challenge may go on to the next situation, but bears the results of the unfinished task. For instance, if a toddler is restricted from learning through experience, the child develops uncertainty in his or her abilities, w
Toddlers work to master physical environment and accomplish things for themselves. Their self-control and self-confidence begin to develop at this point. If parents encourage their child's application of initiative and reassure when mistakes are made, the child will develop the self-reliance needed to manage future circumstances that require choice, control, and independence. (Gattis, 1995) Conversely, when parents are overprotective, or critical of acts of independence, a child may feel ashamed of their performance, or strongly doubt his or her capabilities. Crisis: Identity vs. Role Confusion
Some topics in this essay:
Sigmund Freud's,
Crisis Initiative,
Shame Toddlers,
Crisis Trust,
Crisis Competence,
Crisis Intimacy,
Crisis Generativity,
Identity Crisis,
Crisis Ego-Integrity,
Role Confusion,
-- age,
langley 2000,
life lived,
2000 stage,
personality development,
langley 2000 stage,
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Approximate Word count = 1237
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)
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