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St. Thomas Aquinas

There are many theories in the area of philosophy dealing with religion. St. Anselm has his Ontological argument. William Paley has his Teleological argument and Soren Kierkegaard talks about faith. But the argument that really fused together faith and reason is the Cosmological argument of St. Thomas Aquinas. In the argument there are 5 ways to prove the existence of God. But one stands out from the rest. The first argument of Motion.

St. Thomas Aquinas was born in the year 1266 to Landulph, Count of Aquino. At the age of 5, Thomas was sent to live with the Benedictine Monks. He was a brilliant student and his teachers were impressed with his progress. When he became of age to choose his direction in life, St. Thomas renounced the things of this world and entered the Order of St. Dominic despite the objection of his family. In 1243, at the age of seventeen, he joined the Dominicans of Naples. It is here that he is merited the title of the "Angelic Doctor". After making his profession at Naples, he studied at Cologne under St. Albert the Great. Here carried the nickname "dumb ox" because of his silent ways and huge size, but he was really a brilliant student. At the age of twenty-two, he was appointed to teach in the same city


Secondly, how is it known that the first cause of motion in the universe is an infinite being or finite being? If the being had set forth motion and somehow was destroyed, then is it by definition a God? In philosophy of religion, a God is defined as something that is transcendent above man. God is supposed to exist in a reality that transcends space and time. If the one who set forth motion no longer exists then it cannot be classified as a God.

The basic idea behind the cosmological argument is that there must be a first cause. This follows from a set of assumptions that seem reasonable, if not necessarily true. One weakness of this argument is that there is no very good reason to exclude the possibility of more than one uncaused entity. It is not known if one or more uncaused first causes can exist. Once multiple "first" causes are allowed, it seems entirely reasonable that these causes might be individually unremarkable. Atomism, a view known to ancient Greek philosophers, assumes the existence of countless tiny particles, each one of which is eternal and changeless, which interact in complicated ways. Thus, the "first cause" argument provides no solid evidence for the existence of gods.

The criticism for the argument that I have is that it is not know whether the cause is an impersonal matter or a personal being. If the universe was created in the theory of the big bang then it would be an impersonal matter. If the universe was created by a being known as God then it would be a personal being. The argument does not differentiate between the two. It is just that a being known as God is the first mover. But what if something else was the first mover. A rogue comet smashed into the earth billions of years ago setting off a chain reaction of movement. There is no specification that there could be a difference between a personal being and an impersonal matter.

Thirdly, it is unknown if there was only one cause or many causes for motion on the earth. St. Aquinas believed that there is only one God, one being who gave motion to the world. What if there was more then one creator? If more then one being had created motion, they would also have to be considered to be Gods. But beliefs in more then one God would change the whole idea of

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Approximate Word count = 1520
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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