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Living Things: Design or Evolution?Intelligent design is the theory that there's an intelligent creator, who was/is responsible for designing and creating life. This concept is a form of creationism, but differs from it by withholding the suggestion that "God" is the creator and by refuting the notion that there is definitely only one creator. Rather, the theory of intelligent design states that every living thing on earth, as well as the universe itself, was created by something which has much greater power than ourselves - but not necessarily God. The theory has a lot of critics, one of which is Jerry Coyne, a biology professor at the University of Chicago, has done extensive studies on evolution. Based on years of research, Coyne wrote the book "Why Evolution is True," hoping to spawn a new scientific and logical debate over the realities of evolution and the inaccuracies rampant in the theory of intelligent design. He rejects the concept of intelligent design, arguing the point that if living things were the resul |
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Advertising and the Marketing OverloadWhen it comes to effective advertising, the simpler the marketing strategy, the better. Advancements in technology have led to many advertisers marketing their products with such creative techniques that their target audiences are being bombarded with an audio/visual/selection overload; it's more than than the average consumer can process. The average person views (purposefully and unknowingly) approximately 5,000 advertising messages a day (www.cbsnews.com). Market competition is also a factor in overwhelming and confusing consumers with such a wide variety of options to choose from in nearly every product category. One example of excessive choices is the number of toothpaste options. At any given time, there are ten different types of Crest. The consumer can choose from traditional Crest, Crest Complete, Tartar Control Crest, Crest with Breath Strips, Crest with Breath Strips and improved Tooth Whitening, etc. These options are confusing, but besides the Crest offerings, the custom |
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In Defense of the Insanity DefenseIn the American judicial system, one very controversial defense strategy is the insanity defense. This tactic is used when an individual who commits a crime is thought to suffer with a mental/emotional disorder, therefore lacking the capacity to understand why they committed the criminal act. Often, when the insanity defense is implemented, the trial often becomes a subject of interest to the public. The more the case is televised or mentioned on the internet, the more society is apt to become intrigued with the defendant, the victim (s) and the courtroom proceedings. This can lead the public to view the insanity defense as a loophole for used by the defendant's attorneys and doctors to eek out an acquittal for their client. But in actuality, the insanity defense wasn't implemented as a scapegoat mechanism for the truly guilty to utilize in order to walk free; it's a way for the legal system to settle a case as fairly and accurately as possible. The insanity defense asserts that a |
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Revolutionist Thomas SankaraA revolution is a change in power that typically occurs over a short time period. Thomas Sankara was a revolutionary that had a prophecy to set Africans at a distance from colonial configuration. A well deprived country in West Africa known as Upper Volta hardly justified any mention outside that province until Thomas Sankara deposed the country's fraudulent military governance in 1984 and gave a new name Burkina Faso to the country known as Upper Volta. Translated to English Burkina Faso means "The Land of Upright People ", this new name captivated the masses. The revolution Sankara set forth to change politics with in the Land of Upright people did not necessarily correspond well with great colonial powers. Sankara's fondness for creativity and avant-garde politics gave rise to a complex legacy. His civic and monetary reforms were not forged of ideas from the colonial democrats but from Sankara's own mind which he sought to benefit his people. The new turn of politics Sankara put fo |
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Analysis of Coffee Company Second Cup"Second Cup," Canada's largest coffee retailer, has been in business for thirty-five years. Since 1975, the company has been producing premium coffees, teas, frozen beverages, various hot chocolates, as well as cookies and other complimentary foods. In addition, "Second Cup" makes a wide variety of delicious fat free items, which have proven to be very popular with consumers. With all furnished stores which provide a comfortable and relaxing atmosphere, people are mostly coming to study and or meet others. The company tends to target people who are in their early twenties through late thirties, most of whom are females. According to Second Cup Coffee their mission consists of maintaining the highest level of operational excellence and brand integrity. People like Second Cup's logo and image. The company continues to strongly promote their image because it is viewed as an incredibly good quality coffee retailer this allows the business to run well. Second Cup which is evolving in |
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Classic GalactosemiaGalactosemia is an inherited metabolic disorder, which affects how the body processes simple sugar called galactose. Galactose is a sugar that is present in many foods mostly in small increments. Galactose is part of a larger sugar called lactose, which is found in dairy products and the majority of baby formulas. There are several types of galactosemia. There is Classic Galactosemia (as type 1) Galactokinase Deficiency (type 2), and Galactose Epirimase Deficiency (type 3). For the purpose of keeping focus, this paper will cover the specifics of only Type 1, Classic Galactosemia, the most common, most severe form of the condition. Galactosemia is caused by a gene contributed from both parents. The disorder results in excessive amounts of sugar being in the blood. A recent publication titled "Sugar Excretion in Infancy,"" reports that an infant patient who suffered from this form of diabetes and died of Galactosemia. Although Von Ruess discovered Galactosemia, it was not until 1917 w |
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John Aber on Balancing Consensus and DifferenceThe purpose of John Aber's essay, "Balancing Consensus and Difference," is to encourage college and university students to view the world with an open mind. In other words, Aber's goal is to educate students on the importance of finding and accepting a "middle ground." " John Aber believes that we're constantly being exposed to things designed to convince us of something. He believes these things, mostly words and images, shouldn't be used to convince us of something, but to educate us. He states that human nature may work against us because, as humans, we are inclined to form groups with others with similar likes and interests. These groups usually have common interests and likes. Because of this, the people involved in these groups will likely agree with each other on certain topics, even if they have not been taught view points from other sides. Aber believes that it is hard to disagree with frie |
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Brief Overview on AutismAccording to Jon Baio of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 in every 88 children is diagnosed with autism (1 of every 54 males and 1 in every 252 females). With so many people dealing with autism, there's little doubt that, in one or another, each of us will know somebody who is autistic.not. The Individuals with Disabilities Act of 2004 (I.D.E.A.), states that autism is a complex developmental disability which typically appears during the first three years of life, affecting a person in three areas: communication, social interaction, and academic performance. The disorder is is often referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorder and reveals itself in each individual differently; and to varying degrees. So, what causes autism? There is not a single known cause for autism, but it is generally acce |
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The True Meaning of SuccessAccording to "The American Heritage Dictionary," the primary definition of success is "the favorable outcome of something that has been attempted." Its projected to be an achievement of something that is desired or planned out. Success is an element of life that allows someone to reach outside their means or comfort zone to achieve a higher goal or fulfill a greater purpose in life. Success can change the way a person acts in the world and can contribute to a side of a person that is enjoyable and a side that is detrimental. Around the world people can recognize success in a persons life quickly, it has a certain look that is very identifiable. Although success is recognizable everybody has their own perspective on what success means and looks like. Success is important because its what a person bases their life on , accomplishments that place a person where they want to be in life. Success determines where a person will be in life and nevertheless places a standard on where a person should be according to a p |
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Rodney King and the 1992 Los Angeles RiotsOn April 29, 1992, a period of extreme, racially motivated riots rocked the city of Los Angeles. The riots were spawned by an LA court verdict that resulted in exonerating four white police officers who had been charged with assaulting and using excessive force on black citizen, Rodney King. Rodney King was a paroled felon involved in a high speed chase along with two passengers through the streets of Los Angeles. When law enforcement apprehended the two unnamed passengers, they then attempted to arrest the intoxicated Rodney King. According to witnesses, Mr. King resisted arrest and was then severally beaten by police officers Laurence Powell, Theodore Briseno, and Timothy Wind. Unknown to the officers, bystander George Holliday recorded the minute and a half (89 mins) ordeal in its entirety with his personal video camera. An online article posted by the LA Times stated, "George Holliday sold the rights to the video for $500 ". March, 4th, 1992 the video was broadcast on various |
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The Paradox and Brilliance of Flannery O'ConnorAccording to literary researcher Patrick Galloway, one must be "initiated to her trademarks when reading Flannery O'Connor's novels or short stories." In many of her works, O'Conner paradoxically uses styles that are both grotesque and brutal to illustrate various themes of grace and self-actualization. As the writer herself once said, "I have found that violence is strangely capable of returning my characters to reality and preparing them to accept their moment of grace." (qtd. in Hawkins 30) Although there are moments in her works that are disturbing, Flannery O'Connor's use of paradox is an effective literary technique which resonate with the reader, deepening the feeling and meaning of her stories. Her short stories, "A Good Man is Hard to Find,"" and "Good Country People," "can be helpful tools for those looking for perfect examples of O'Connors unique and brilliant writing style. In an interpretation that requires less reliance on the beliefs held to be true in O'Connor's w |
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Effective Lighting Techniques in CasablancaA successful cinematography technique used in the film "Casablanca," is that of effective and scene-appropriate lighting. Various lighting techniques were employed throughout the masterpiece, most notably during close-up shots of the lead characters, Rick and Ilsa. Director, Michael Curtiz and his cinematographer, Arthur Edeson uses light and shadows often helps to explain the characters' emotions and personalies, as well as to set the mood of the story itself. Much of Casablanca has a very dim setting, which is created through the use of harsh dark lighting that casts lots of shadows. This use of low-key lighting is most prevalent within the setting of Rick's bar. The room is kept very dark, with only a few dimly lit lanterns that cast shadows across the walls of the bar. This choice of lighting helps to set a mood that fits for a story that is taking place during a war. It gives a sense of mystery and is even somewhat menacing. In the scenes where Rick is present, he is also dimly |
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The Role of Women in Early American SettlementsIn early America, women were viewed as less important than men. This lack of respect is demonstrated when looking through pre-Victorian era History books. Try to find one story about a female who was given the opportunity or encouraged to become a successful trailblazer, soldier, engineer, architect or professor. It's obvious that men "ruled the world" and women were their distant counterparts. But in the turbulent years of settling our country, lowering women to a place of unquestioned submissiveness, led to some serious problems. In the beginning stages of settling our country, the only active participants were men. No women were present during the first few years of the process, for only men were considered strong, brave, intelligent and resilient enough to endure the freeze of winter and the harsh wilderness conditions. Once the men realized that women were actually a basic essential -for cooking, mending clothes, harvesting and sexual interactions - they sent news to the homeland |
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Aeschylus' Persians and the Depiction of KingshipBy definition, a king is the supreme leader of state. He's an executive in a governing body who inherits his power from birth; part of a royal lineage of rulers. In most ancient civilizations, the king was the utmost important figure in society and an unquestioned leader. One such civilization was the Persian Empire. For the Persians, the king was the very embodiment of perfection. In artistic reliefs, the Persians depicted his eminence in such a way that visitors to the royal court palace would see and recognize his supremacy. While other civilizations submitted to the will of the Persian king, one group that maintained sovereignty was the divided city-states of Greece. Through works such as Aeschylus' Persians, it is evident that the Greeks utilized Persian perspective and customs, while incorporating their own political beliefs, to reinforce democratic sentiments within Greece. The Persian king was the supreme figure in Persian society. To assert this claim, Persian kings ordered |
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Guns in America - Pros and ConsEvery adult American citizen has the right to bear arms (possess a firearm), but due to increasing violence, a war is raging between those who defend this constitutional right and those who want it amended. Preventing the massacre of innocent people won't rest upon stricter gun control laws or outlawing guns and other types of arsenal. Owning weapons to defend ourselves or to hunt with a controlled permit is a constitutional right, implemented by our forefathers centuries ago. Tougher gun control laws will only keep American "good guys" from having an effective way to protect themselves, those they love and, if necessary, their communities. A person who wants to commit murder will, no doubt, find a means to acquire the weapon(s) they need to do so. There will always be those who sell much sought after weaponry on the streets, smuggling them into our country via Mexico and other countries. Professor Gary Kleck conducted a study he called "Point Blank, Guns and Violence in Ameri |
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Hooking Up by Kathleen A. BogleIn her article "Hooking Up," Kathleen A. Bogle argues that the correlation of between the hookup culture and alcohol consumption promotes casual relationships among students on college campuses. The piece sheds light on everything from the historical background of hooking up, students delaying marriage as well as the decrease in college dating, and the astonishingly strong link between alcohol intake and a typical hookup. Importantly, the shows us that the standards for young men and women are not as different as they used to be, as women talk about "friends with benefits" and "one and done" hook ups. Differing from the social changes prior to 1960, hooking up has become a societal norm. It is not classified as a one night stand, but a way of socializing and finding a suitable romantic partner. In order to reduce the amount of sexual assault and the over-accumulation of alcohol, educators must acquire new methods that acknowledge their effects on the hookup culture |
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Educational Decisions after Hurricane SandyWhen hurricane Sandy tore through Long Island, it wrecked havoc on thousands of towns along the Atlantic coast, causing lives to be disrupted and thrown into states of confusion and frustration. One such ramification of the monstrous storm was a newly confused educational systems at colleges and universities. As students scrambled to salvage what remained of their lives, their educations were disrupted, and a huge gap was left in the standard structure of the fall semester. An example of this educational disruption, was illustrated at Hofstra University in Hempstead on Long Island, NY. The school's board of directors determined that, due to the hurricane's devastation, it would be best to allow the students to decide whether or not they wanted to use the pass/fail system for their current classes. For a Pass/Fail grading system showed anything over a 70% as a passing grade and anything under 70% was considered to be a failing grade. The hurricane made a lot of people think again abou |
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Stereotyping in Paul Haggis' Movie CrashStereotyping is a way of organizing our individual perceptions in order to classify people; making generalizations and predictions about members of the groups who fit the categories we use. It's often an exaggerated generalization associated with a categorizing system. Stereotypes may be based on a kernel of truth, but they it's common for them to go beyond facts to a point of view which has no valid basis. " In writing this paper on stereotypes, I revisited the 2004 Academy Award Best Picture winner, "Crash." The film, directed brilliantly by Paul Haggis, depicts many of the stereotypes and prejudices present in American society. Haggis avoids all traces of political correctedness, exposing common ethnic cliches in an effort to open our eyes to the preconceived ideas we may have regarding those |
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Grant Wood - Great American ArtistGrant Wood's paintings were influenced by the landscape of his home; the Midwest and it's inhabitants. As one of America's most famous regional painters, Wood loved his work just as he loved America. He claimed to be "the plainest kind of fellow you can find. There isn't a single thing I've done, or experienced, that's been even the least bit excited."(Evans, cover 1). On February 13, 1891, Hattie Weaver and Francis Maryville Wood gave birth to their son Grant DeVolson Wood on a little farm outside of Anamosa, Iowa. Wood was one of four children; Frank, Jack, and Nancy, commonly referred to as Nan (Peltakian, para. 1). The oldest, Frank who was four years older, Jack who was two years younger, and their only sister Nancy who was 8 years younger than Wood, all lived on a farm near Anamosa. With the burnt sticks his mother gave him from the stove, the beginning of a Midwestern painter was born (VAGA, para. 2). At the age of ten, Grant's father, Francis, passed away. Without the help |
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Grant Wood - Great American ArtistGrant Wood's paintings were influenced by the landscape of his home; the Midwest and it's inhabitants. As one of America's most famous regional painters, Wood loved his work just as he loved America. He claimed to be "the plainest kind of fellow you can find. There isn't a single thing I've done, or experienced, that's been even the least bit excited."(Evans, cover 1). On February 13, 1891, Hattie Weaver and Francis Maryville Wood gave birth to their son Grant DeVolson Wood on a little farm outside of Anamosa, Iowa. Wood was one of four children; Frank, Jack, and Nancy, commonly referred to as Nan (Peltakian, para. 1). The oldest, Frank who was four years older, Jack who was two years younger, and their only sister Nancy who was 8 years younger than Wood, all lived on a farm near Anamosa. With the burnt sticks his mother gave him from the stove, the beginning of a Midwestern painter was born (VAGA, para. 2). At the age of ten, Grant's father, Francis, passed away. Without the help |
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Ethan Frome by Edith Wharton"Ethan Frome," by Edith Wharton, is a short, but beautiful, novel about a poor farmer who lives in New England with his sad and angry wife Zeena, and her cousin Mattie. Ethan married Zeena out of a sense of obligation because she had cared for his ailing mother. The marriage isn't a happy one, with Zeena distant and cold, and Ethan feeling uncomfortable in his own home. When Zeena becomes ill, she sends for her younger cousin, Mattie, to come live at the Frome farm to help her take care of Ethan and the home while she get well. Mattie had lost everything, including a place to live, so Zeena extended a hand to her in the hopes that they could help each other through their difficulties. Zeena, in a possible bout of hypochondria, believed that she was very ill, overcome with "nearly every illness there is." Grief stricken that she would suffer, housebound through the long Massachusetts winter, Frome does as much as he can to cheer her up and remain a good husband. Mattie pitched in and tried |
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Hunger by Lan Samantha Chang"Hunger," by Lan Samantha Chang is a novella about the struggles of immigrant couple, Tian and Min, and their children, Anna and Ruth. The story is from the point of view of Tian's wife Min, whose love for him results in a tragic marriage; her husband's unfulfilled desires nearly destroy their children. Chang's characters are caught between the burden of their pasts and the insecurity of their futures. "Hunger" reveals how each character seeks an escape from their painful circumstances, with horrible results. Tian once had a passion for playing the violin, but because he feels the need to justify leaving his family, being a musician becomes a duty more than something he loves. In trying to escape the pain of giving up everything he had to pursue the "one thing that a person must do,"" (28) Tian decides to discipline himself to practice playing the violin. Chang chooses the word 'must' and italicizes it to emphasize Tian's attitude toward playing his violin. It is not an attitude of hi |
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Food Justice by Robert GottliebDuring the Middle Ages and Renaissance, corpulence (obesity) once represented a person's wealth. This standard is in striking contrast to what is happening today - especially in the United States, where poverty and wealth often go hand-in-hand. "Food Justice,"" by Robert Gottlieb explores the effects of the American food market, as well as the impact of the fast food industry on the health of American citizens. Studies found in "Food Justice"" explain, in part, why obesity has become an epidemic and with input from doctors and scientists, we're told what we can do to stop it. A study from Gottlieb's presented in "Food Justice,"" reveals that obesity is a major health issue in poverty-stricken families living in Los Angeles County, CA. According to the Los Angeles Public Health Department, "areas with the highest rate of poverty and food insecurities in southern Los Angeles County also have the highest rates of obesity among adults and children (35.5 and 28.9 percent)." The rate of heart disease deaths were higher by 30 percent, as well as increase |
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Changes in the EurozoneThe Eurozone is a unique economic system made up of 17 nations with separate goals and different economies; allowing each country to issue its own bonds. Despite their differences, most of these countries are bound together by the Euro and the European Central Bank (ECB) since January 1st, 1999. Regardless of these efforts, Eurozone nations have developed their own unique crises, and having a single currency has not allowed the countries to address their issues effectively. Because of the differences among Eurozone nations and the problems that the Euro presents, this situation will not end without significant changes - and a complete breakup of the Eurozone is a distinct possibility. If the Eurozone falls apart, Greece financial issues will have much to do with it. According to Standard & Poor's chief investment strategist Sam Stovall: "most people on Wall Street believe Greece will eventually default."" Greece has been spending irresponsibly for the past 15 years, creating a debt of |
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The Softer Side of SearsSituational Analysis Sears, Roebuck & Company (Sears) is a department store which opened in Chicago, Illinois in February, 1925. Until the early 1980's, Sears was the largest retailer in the United States. Since Sears was bought out by Kmart in 2005, they have been falling further away from being a leading retailer. Once a destination store, Sears is now viewed by consumers as lacking customer service, selling second-rate fashions, and displaying an overall sense of direction. Sears is in need of help if they are to restore their reputation and rebuild themselves as an important and necessary American retailer. Sears has plenty of direct competitors: Kohl's, JC Penney, Walmart, and Target. Each competitor has implemented successful strategies that have made them stand out to their target markets. The typical Sears shopper is a woman who is 25-54 years old, has a family and a home to take care of and is looking for a "good deal,"" without sacrificing quality; she likes the concept of |
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