... early years of the war women were generally unable to make a significant contribution to the war effort in any official capacity. Labour shortages forced the government to allow women to take a more active role in war work, and in February 1941 the RAAF received cabinet approval to establish the Women's Auxiliary ... industries; other women in urban areas took up employment in industries such as munitions production. Did the war change the role and place of women in Australian society? Propaganda at the time stressed that for the first time women were being asked to do 'a man's job', eit...

• Word Count: 3090
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... refugee situation, as well as images and messages all over the press intended to influence us into believing that asylum seekers are terrorists. "Solutions" have been implemented by the Australian government which simply shift the problem to other countries, and policies have been created to deal with asylum seekers that aren't actually helping anybody - including Australians. Among the many ... the right to seek and to enjoy other countries" asylum from persecution. As for asylum seekers being illegal, those people who arrive on our shores without prior consent from the Australian gove...

• Word Count: 962
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... system. The creation of a federal system presupposes the establishment of a judicial umpire to regulate the constitutional relationship between the two levels of government. This is reflected in the Australian Constitution where sections 71 to 80 establish the role, basic structure, and jurisdiction of the High Court of Australia. Section 74 indicates clearly that one of the High Court's functions ... co-existing of indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. The Mabo decision resulted in the Native Title Act being legislated by the Keating government. The legal principles of Mabo decis...

• Word Count: 1774
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... different hours and she does not have anyone else who can mind the kids. She has had no contact with the children's father for over 2 years. Under the Australian Constitution, the Federal Government has the power to make social security payments. This is done under the Social Security Act 1991 and the Veterans Entitlement Act 1986. The Commonwealth Department of Family and ... enough to provide for themselves. The legal system also recognises the SED in relation to health Care. Medicare, is the Australian public health care system; providing free treatment in public hospitals and paying...

• Word Count: 2015
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... goods and services that they don't produce efficiently for their population, and also allows Australia to meet the domestic demand for goods and services. Conversely, free trade will allow Australian producers to specialize in the production of goods and services which are most efficiently produced in Australia. This will result in a better allocation of resources, and increased levels ... on imported petroleum exposes the Australian economy to fluctuations on the worldwide market for petroleum. Outbreaks of war in the Middle East or hurricanes in the U.S can quickly affect the supply o...

• Word Count: 1180
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (1983) and Mabo (1993). In Tasmanian Dams case (1983) section 51(29) external affairs allowed the Commonwealth to stop the Tasmanian Government from building a dam inside a world heritage area. The Commonwealth had previously signed an international treaty nominating this area for world heritage listing. Hence ... regards to the land": and b) Ministers could suspend these lesser rights under various circumstances. At the same time as the Western Australian Act, the Keating Labor Government passed the Native Tittle Act (1993) the two conflicint laws (WA and Commonwealth) were considered b...

• Word Count: 1458
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... supporters but also many skeptics, both of which have their own ideas on the strengths or weaknesses of it. The Australian Constitution has many strengths and weaknesses to it. A major strength of the constitution is that the three main institutions of government (legislature, executive and judiciary) were created following the principles of separation of powers. This means that no one institution ... kept pressure on the major parties while at the same time offering the public a wide variety of alternatives. A democratic government is essential to the constitution in Australia and is ...

• Word Count: 1067
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... with the left and right: - Communications, electrical and plumbing union (CEPU) - Transport workers union (TWU) - Health services union of Australia (HSUA) - Australian services union (ASU) These affiliated trade unions have actually comprised much of the party membership and also has been a major contribution to the financing of the party. ... on the party as a whole, which is never too good for Labor's image. ALP's greatest achievement was during the Hawke Labor government during the 1980's, before Hawke no one had ever held prime ministerial ship for as long as he did. The integratio...

• Word Count: 1007
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Arabian Sea ports," the daily said. The front-page report by Jonathan Weisman said the Pentagon wants to send troops to Indonesia, but was facing opposition from President Megawati Sukarnoputri's government as it was "fearful of rising anger among its 200 million Muslims". The report also pointed out that US Congress would not resume military ties with Indonesia until the ... government "improves the military's human rights record and brings to justice military officers responsible for the [East Timor] slaughter in 1999". There has been speculation the report was merely an effort ... ...

• Word Count: 1222
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A constitution is a group of basic rules by which a country or state is governed. Amendments can only be made to the constitution by a strict process outlined in section 128 of the constitution allowing for amendments to be made orderly and lawfully. Altering the constitution requires a number of stages. The consultation stage could involve the gathering of high-ranking people or committee to study the proposals and recommend how it should be written in the constitution. It is a period of community debate. The commonwealth parliament must pass a bill to allow for a referendum and the questions...

• Word Count: 361
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... overseas. Large numbers of airmen served in Britain and throughout Europe, and three divisions fought in the Middle East. Forces were dispatched overseas only after considerable soul-searching by the Australian government, caused largely by apprehension about Japan's intentions in the Far East. Fear of Japan had been intensifying in Australia since the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 and was ... the wake of the First World War, especially Japan's control over a number of islands north of Australia. The Australian government, supported by its senior naval officers, based its defense policy...

• Word Count: 1961
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and the United States that deliver substantial gains to Australia All Australians benefit from international trade. International trade produces more jobs, and more consumer products at lower prices. The Australian government is pursuing an aggressive international trade agenda because they feel that it is necessary for high standards of living and a content population throughout Australia. In rural Australia, where the ... In addition, with trade percentages of GDP being above 30%, that again shows that trade is very important to the Australian economy. The current Australian trade agend...

• Word Count: 1402
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Within this broad framework, each individual and group is welcome to make a contribution to the common good. The term Australian Multiculturalism summarises the way we address the challenges and opportunities of our cultural diversity. The key statement of Government multicultural policy is Multicultural Australia: United in Diversity (May 2003). It updates the 1999 New Agenda for Multicultural Australia ... policy for 2003-2006 with a specific emphasis on community harmonyAustralian multiculturalism is the philosophy, underlying Government policy and programs, that recognises, accepts, ...

• Word Count: 1407
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in the 1830's and ending in the early 1970's, many children were taken from their families in an attempt to eradicate the Aboriginal race and culture, ordered by the Australian Government at the time. The Governments policies and practices regarding the removal of children, their treatment and the continuing effects cannot be resolved, despite the occurrence of the National Inquiry. ... The Australian Government's policy and practice of removing aboriginal children from their families was in place throughout the country during the 1830's until the 1970's. There was a massive impact on A...

• Word Count: 1115
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 's security. When the Korean War broke out, Australia was quick to contribute forces to support the United Nations operations. Staunchly anticommunist, the Government only narrowly failed to secure the outlawing of the Communist Party of Australia (CPA) in a country-wide referendum in 1951. Some insurance was ... South Vietnamese Government, to supply them with military aid. At that time, 30 instructors were sent to assist in the training of the South Vietnamese defence forces. Unofficially, in 1962, troops were sent in to train the South Vietnamese and act as a militia. The Australian p...

• Word Count: 4606
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 1954. The purpose of these alliances was for the countries in them to protect any country that was also in them from a direct threat from communism. Another policy that the Australian government implemented was the "Forward Defence Policy" which was implemented so defence forces could move forward into Asia to stop any perceived threat from communism. The threat was perceived because of ... stopping communism to stopping terrorism and lawlessness. There are terrorist problems in countries such as Indonesia, Philippines and Sri Lanka. Australian forces moved in to combat these problems a...

• Word Count: 1983
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of a person convicted of serious drug trafficking.(Mukherjee, S.K,Jacobsen,E.N.,and Walker,J.R 1992) What, then, are the rational answers to this series of partly understandable and partly impermissible misconceptions in the Australian society? True, violent crime has risen sharply in the past two decades, but to begin with it has been abundantly demonstrated by social research that availability of the death penalty ... , the society's laws are written not to gratify those impulses but channel them into helpful, healing, and life-sustaining directions. Gratifying the impulses for revenge...

• Word Count: 2841
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... "incidents". Torture and jailing for lack of religious and political freedom have been described by our government as cultural differences. When Indonesia invaded East Timor the Australian government which had remained very complacent could not stand by any longer and sent our own troops to ... going to ensure that their unfair, unpopular policy would not effect their chances in the upcoming elections. ASIA AND AusAID The Australian Government's overseas aid program reaches more than 58 million people living in poverty around the world, with most of its activities taking ... figure. B...

• Word Count: 1471
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... be deeply emotionally scarring and would certainly have some bearing on modern Aboriginal problems. Many Aborigines that were part of the stolen generation are now actively seeking compensation from the Australian government. It was not until 1969 that officials lost the right to remove Aboriginal children from their families, but the effects of how the assimilation program changed Aboriginal society are still ... for Aborigine rights and compensation etc. Aborigines have begun to make headway in reclaiming rights to what is theirs, especially land rights. Land-rights acts were put forw...

• Word Count: 1649
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Australia's security. When the Korean War broke out, Australia was quick to contribute forces to support the United Nations operations. Staunchly anticommunist, the Government only narrowly failed to secure the outlawing of the Communist Party of Australia (CPA) in a country-wide referendum in 1951. Some insurance was ... armed attack, each "would act to meet the common danger in accordance with its constitutional process." ANZUS remained as a principal pillar in Australian foreign policy in the following years. Although it may have been seen as putting Australia in the demeaning posit...

• Word Count: 3628
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... reserves were established on which Aborigines lived, with few opportunities for education (mainly in segregated schools) and employment, without rights of citizenship and with a dependence on the Government of Australia. Although protection policies were considered an improvement, it made Aboriginal people dependent on the administrators of reserves. They could not leave the reserves without permission. The ... expedition shot dead at least 32 Aborigines. A court of inquiry found the action ˜justified'. The Aborigines who survived were also refused legal aid by the Federal government. ...

• Word Count: 3196
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... impact that the Games had on the tourism industry didn't depart as abruptly as foreign athletes wearing gold, silver, or bronze. According to the Australian Tourism Commission (ATC) "the most important legacy of the Olympic Games will be the increased international profile resulting in more tourists". In the two ... ; "This [The Rugby World Cup] is a unique opportunity for the regional centers and is a testament to the benefits sporting events can deliver Australian tourism". Besides the benefits of increased international media exposure that will have long-term effects on tourism, these ...

• Word Count: 1956
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... child within its mother's womb, and when is a baby viable? This is the problem that desperately needs to be addressed by the Australian government. It is questionable as to whether abortion is essentially an issue of law or one of morals and ethics. Historically religious beliefs have coloured ... within the legislative responsibility of each individual state and territory. Statutory provisions in every state and territory- except Western Australia and now the Australian Capital Territory - make it a crime to unlawfully administer any poison or noxious thing, any other instrument or oth...

• Word Count: 1872
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Although most of these breaches have been removed/amended since the report in 2006, the government is still addressing the area of inequality for recognition of the rights of same sex couples. The most significant response in the recognition of same sex relationships the Australian Legal System has implemented is to change the terminology within current legislation. Providing same sex ... couples with their rights as a human being without discrimination against them due to their sexuality. The government's most important change in terminology was a successful attempt to provide same sex ...

• Word Count: 1344
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Australia is a signatory of the 1951 Refugee Convention which defines who is a refugee, the rights of the refugees and the responsibilities of the nations which grant asylum. Therefore the Australian government is obliged to protect the refugees that enter their territory, according to the terms of the Refugee Convention. However, there has been an arising problem with how the Australians treat ... Guinean Prime Minister Peter O'Neill. The policy is conducted against the terms of the Refugee Convention in which Australia is a signatory as it is the responsibility of the Australian governm...

• Word Count: 919
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate