... to sources of information and capital. Others contend that women are more risk averse than men and thus less likely to take on debt (Brown & Segal, 1989; Chaganti, 1986; Collerett & Aubry, 1990; Olsen & Currie, 1992; Scherr et al., 1993). According to this hypothesis, women avoid debt and are reluctant to put up the collateral that may be required to obtain ... debt in their capital structures. It has been suggested that women are less likely to use debt as a source of financing than men (Brown & Segal, 1989; Carter & Cannon, 1992; Chaganti, 1986; Collerett & Aubry, 1990; Olsen & Currie...

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• Grade Level: High School

... the 12 months, and researchers found that those who were unemployed and under less parental supervision showed a greater exposure to rap music (The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 2003). At the 12 months follow up, Wingood et al. found that 37.6 percent had contracted a new sexually transmitted disease; 4.8 percent had struck a teacher; 12.1 percent reported being arrested; 14.8 ... were, the more angry, fearful, and aggressive viewers felt (www.mediascope.org). According to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (as cited in the Br...

• Word Count: 3654
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• Grade Level: High School

... had no increase in average erosion rates in most areas with extensive cropland. Some of the improvement found was the result of crops being rotated and better tiling methods. Brown (et al 1998) investigated the effects of combining whey and straw in croplands. This research found that straw or whey alone reduces soil loss by 60-85 percent. When ... in agriculture such as cover crops and livestock farming. This requires a larger area than the normal agricultural holding, which must be chosen carefully. The Department of Agriculture (Elliott et al. 1987) certifies organic production systems...

• Word Count: 2964
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• Grade Level: High School

... up of schools. Did desegregation truly improve the quality of education African Americans received? In certain parts of the country, African American students benefited tremendously. Before Brown, they had been segregated in schools that were under funded and had fewer course offerings than white schools. Desegregation helped narrow the academic achievement gap between blacks ... D. Regaining Excellence in Education. Columbus, OH: Merrill Publishing Company, 1986. Feldman, Sandra. "Kindergarten-Plus." National Journal. Vol. 34, Issue 42 (October 19, 2002): p3097. Frankenberg, Erica, et a...

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... are particularly troubling given recent evidence that, in contrast to long-held assumptions, a tremendous amount of structural and functional brain development takes place during the teenage years (Geidd et al., 1999; for review see Spear, 2000;2002). Evidence is accruing that alcohol, and perhaps other drugs, impact brain function and behavior differently during adolescence than during adulthood ... lobes, age-related changes in brain activation during task performance have been observed in the cerebellum, superior colliculus, thalamus, striatum, parietal cortex, and hippocampus (Luna e...

• Word Count: 2963
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and degree of prisonization, another area of interest within an organizational communication framework. This hypothesis replicated earlier research on powerlessness and prisonization (Thomas & Zingraft, 1976; Thomas et al., 1978; Zingraft, 1975). On the basis of the theories discussed earlier and previous research in this area, the following research hypotheses were posited: Hypothesis I: ... of social skills within the organizational context has been duly noted by many researchers (e.g., Argyle, 1981; Metcalfe & Wright, 1986; Monge, Bachman, Dillard, & Eisenberg, 1982; Sydney, Brown, & ...

• Word Count: 5169
• Approx Pages: 21
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... statistics indicate that currently 70 percent of the community corrections agencies in the United States permit officers to carry firearms in the performance of their duties (Brown, 1996). Even though this represents thousands of probation and parole officers carrying firearms daily, only a very few incidents of officers discharging their firearms at ... Bigger, P. J. (1993). Officers in danger: Results of the Federal Probation and Pretrial Officers Association's national study on serious assaults. Unpublished report. Brown, P. W. (1996, July). The martial arts: A CO's best defense. Corr...

• Word Count: 4346
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... that these changes could be met. Even a company such as Ford, long the most stubborn defender of managerial rights, introduced its Employee Involvement plan. For Kochan et al (1985) this represents the making of a new system of industrial relations, embracing the strategic level of corporate decision making as well as the system of ... on the one hand emphasising "team working" whilst on the other hand they are "downsizing", this leads to confusion and emptiness among workers (Wilmott 1993 in Brown R p30). Work was also sub-contracted so people were not necessarily working for the employe...

• Word Count: 2959
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• Grade Level: High School

... on a chain close to one with a charged soliton can interact: the electron hops from one defect to the other. Molecular electron-transfer theory Electron transfer (ET) reactions, which are also redox reactions, are among the most common and simple chemical reactions. The electron donor is oxidised and the acceptor reduced. The free ... approximated by interacting parabolas. This model uses the important fact that the structure undergoes only a rather small change, compared to other chemical reactions, in the ET reaction. Figure 11 assumes thatG=0 (parabolas of equal height). FIGURE 11 Two...

• Word Count: 6720
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... with education, literacy, and income. (Fuchs 1998) However, there is no public consensus about which services would improve health status, but class injustices in health persist. (Marchand, et. al.1998) For example, while reporters agree that the disparity between health status among Whites and African-Americans would remain after adjusting for infant mortality; race, ethnicity and income were ... that of the highest class. That has not changed since the implementation of the National Health Service. (Whitehead 1999, Ross and Mirowsky 2000, Gunning-Schepers, and Stronks 1999, Brown 1999,...

• Word Count: 3543
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and celebrating differences among people with respect to age, class, ethnicity, gender, physical and mental ability, race, sexual orientation, spiritual practice, and public assistance status (Green et al. 2002). Excellent diversity management can provide creativity and innovation and this can successfully unlock hidden capacity for growth of the company and present organisation with great competitive edge. ... broader perspectives, global impact and community relationships (Singh, undated). However, diversity also poses challenges such as behaviours that brings negative attitudes incl...

• Word Count: 2880
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... order to feel the power, becomes overwhelming. Current studies have found such fantasies to play an important part among serial murderers (Ressler, et al; Prentky. et al.). The need to realize and experience all of the dominance and control that they have fantasized about culminates in the abduction and ... It is also often someone who fits a particular profile, wrong place at the wrong time' victimology. One killer targeted college aged women with long brown hair, parted in the middle; a young, white, male homosexual killer looked for gay, black men at local gay bars; a middle-aged ... ...

• Word Count: 5564
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... dopamine activity may not be applicable to all schizophrenics. For instance some studies have shown that amphetamines do not worsen the symptoms of all schizophrenics (Kornetsky, 1976). One study (Kammen et al, 1977) found that symptoms lessen after amphetamines have been administered. A correlation of the results of studies into amphetamines and schizophrenia, suggests that amphetamines worsen positive symptoms and lessen negative ... could be caused by having a young schizophrenic in the family. A series of studies have found that the family can have an important affect on patients af...

• Word Count: 3040
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 1960's. Well accepted existing theories provided by sociobiologists on sexuality, are now being criticised by sociological theorists who argue such "biologically based theories are flawed with essentialism"(Abercrombie et al. 2000: 122). A marked debate has arisen over the past fifty years over which factors should be considered responsible as influences determining ones sexuality. With the sociological ... as being flawed by essentialism. This term, essentialism, refers to the way theorists, such as sociobiologists have reduced the complexity of sexuality right down to a single essence (...

• Word Count: 3037
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... industries give money to help elect representatives favorable to their positions. Senator Jesse Helms (R, N.C.), Chairman of the Agricultural Committee, is the best known. In California former Assembly Leader Willie Brown, now San Francisco mayor, received more funds than any other USA legislator! In 1847 the Phillip Morris company began, still around today, selling hand rolled Turkish cigarettes. Cigarettes became ... over an eight year period in ten magazines that accepted cigarette ads. "Good Housekeeping", which does not accept cigarette advertising, printed eleven articles during t...

• Word Count: 3326
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... they were doing very well financially. Ike was still convinced that Mahalia needed to take her vocal talents one step further and convinced her to meet with Madame Anita Patty Brown, who had once been an opera singer and was a celebrated voice of the South Side. Although the lesson went well, Mahalia had her mind set on singing gospel and she ... disregarded Ikes input if it suggested anything different. While taking voice lessons from Madame Brown, Mahalia was also working with Thomas Dorsey, the choirmaster for many of the Baptist churches in Chicago and the leading gospel composer. I...

• Word Count: 6204
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... alignment with the brand's values, since this could result in inconsistent behaviour and detrimentally affect stakeholders' perceptions of the brand. Corporate culture can represent a source of competitive advantage (Bettencourt and Brown, 1997)5, but the culture needs to be appropriate, adaptive and attentive to the needs of all stakeholders (Kotter and Heskett, 1992)6. Managers thus need to agree on the few core ... . Benefits represent the want satisfaction that product features convey. They are often specific and represent what specific consumers value. Benefits are often further cla...

• Word Count: 5228
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... probably a couple inches shorter than average for his age. His weight is slightly less than average as well, but because of his height, it is not noticeable. He has brown hair and brown eyes. During his first week of preschool, Dylan would come to school with large, red bags under his eyes, but over the course of the month, that has gone ... begin to assert their independence, by walking away from their mother, picking which toy to play with, and making choices about what they like to wear, to eat, etc. (Wittmer et al., 2013). I think that he is beginning to understand more that he is a...

• Word Count: 3047
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... his poetry underwent stylistic changes as he toughened and tightened his language under the pressure of traumatic, front-line experience of war. One of his most bitterly ironic poems, Dulce et decorum est, describes the horrors of a gas attack while commenting ironically on the limits of patriotism. He questioned the necessity of war, stressed the common humanity of both sides in ... home town of Kirriemuir in Angus (the Thrums of the title), remains the best known of this short-lived burst of parochial, vernacular romanticism. PROVINCIAL NOVELS A novel by George Douglas Brown called Th...

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... is that the banking sector in Nigeria today is at the threshold of change of such a magnitude as to alter completely the fabric of business and indeed, lives (Archibugi, Howells et al. 1999). This change is rooted in the phenomenon of electronic business. This sector is highly competitive and competition is expected to intensify as new players of local and global ... the power industry, Citibank & Standard Chartered Bank in financial services and a whole lot of others in water, agro-allied, construction and, of course the flagship sector of oil and gas (Brown, 1996). Telecoms and IT and...

• Word Count: 17126
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a systematic fashion. Theoretical Foundation - Goal Specificity Goal setting is a method of directing employees' activities towards achieving specific organizational objectives (Locke, 1978). There are three reasons why goals affect performance (Locke, et al., 1981). First, the setting of specific goals focuses employees' efforts and activities in a particular direction. Secondly, goals regulate the expenditure of one's energy toward an activity, since people typically ... the limits of human information processing, participants who were assigned difficult, specific goals performed at l...

• Word Count: 5232
• Approx Pages: 21
• Grade Level: Undergraduate