... U.S.A. In the nineteenth century, the vast forests of northern Pennsylvania were supplying millions of board feet of timber to feed local industry, such as chemical plants and tanneries. The state also contained a rich source of oil, natural gas, and especially coal which was important to the growing economy ... structure ever built. The New York, Lake Erie, and Western Railroad and Coal Company president, General Thomas Kane, met with the civil engineer Octave Chanute to discuss the viability of crossing the valley. They decided that the construction of a viaduct to transverse the valle...

• Word Count: 2468
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... high school, Linus worked at a machinist. The job payed well, fifty dollars a month, but he dreamed of going to college to become a chemical engineer. He applied to the Oregon Agricultural College and was accepted. As in high school, Pauling worked his way through college. He worked at the girls ... faculty. During the 1930's Pauling completed his most important scientific research. He published his research that dealt with the nature of the chemical bonds. Pauling worked hard to understand the bonds of not only crystal, but the existence of all molecules in general. He used his ... cha...

• Word Count: 2402
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... basic understanding of the history of cars. (1) "After all, it is history that leads to the future." In France, in 1770 a military engineer named Nicholas Joseph Cugnot built a large steam-driven vehicle. It could only operate for 12 to 15 minutes before running out of steam, and ... 95) and Nikolaus August Otto (1832-91), developed a more efficient gas engine, and in 1876 Otto built a four-cycle engine. The German engineer Gottlieb Daimler revolutionized the automobile industry by inventing the high-speed internal combustion motor. His four-cycle, single-cylinder motor, patented in 1887...

• Word Count: 1587
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... . Another danger is that terrorists could get their hands on weapons of mass destruction. The major threats come in three forms: chemical, biological and nuclear. The threat of chemical weapons was seen during the Tokyo subway attack using Sarin gas or when Saddam Hussein gassed thousands of his own people. There ... was a lot of experimentation with biological and chemical warfare during World War 2, but these weapons were never really used in the battlefield because there are so many uncontrolled variables that could ... . The good news is that Ebola is an extremely rare disease that ...

• Word Count: 2077
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

... polymers, as that would be nearly impossible. Instead it has information on the major discoveries relating to polymers. What are Polymers? Polymers are large, long, chainlike molecule formed by the chemical linking of many smaller molecules. The small molecular building units are called monomers. Monomers are joined into chains by a process of repeated linking known as polymerisation. A polymer may consist of ... that it wasted less energy as noise energy and it used the energy to propel the vehicle forward. The pneumatic tyre was actually first invented by Robert William Thomson, a Scot...

• Word Count: 1651
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

NASA's Ion Engine Project Ion propulsion, also known as solar electric propulsion, has been under development since the 1950's. Harold Kaufman, an engineer at the N.A.S.A. Glenn facility, built the first ion engine in 1959 and in 1960, NASA Glenn undertook a space flight test program called ... force of a sheet of paper on a person's hand. As a result, these engines were not designed for escape velocity. This requires the use of chemical thrusters, like liquid-fuel rockets, to help them exit the atmosphere. However, once in outer space, the craft can accelerate continuously as long as the en...

• Word Count: 1766
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

The Manhattan Project The Manhattan Project was the code name of the U.S.'s attempt to construct an atomic bomb during World War II. It was named after the Manhattan Engineer District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, because a lot of it's earlier research was done in New York City. An atomic bomb is a weapon that uses the energy from a nuclear ... unstable and it decays to neptunium-239 (93 protons, 146 neutrons), and plutonium-239 (94 protons and 145 neutrons). Plutonium-239 was fissionable, and could be separated from uranium by chemical techniques ( much easier than physical process o...

• Word Count: 1499
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... to use a large amount of pesticide. Most people would rather not eat foods that are sprayed with these dangerous chemicals. This is why it may be cheaper and safer to engineer a crop to be pest resistant. Such genes have been proven effective in resistance to plant diseases and cold. An antifreeze gene has been use to make plants such as potatoes ... sense have to be repeatedly sprayed to survive. One of the chemicals used is called Monitor. One farmer said he wouldn't go into a field sprayed with the chemical for at least 5 days. The chemical has been proven to cause damage do the huma...

• Word Count: 1312
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... a plank of plywood in 1929 and tried to secure his feet with some clothesline and horse reins. Burchett came up with on of the first snowboards. In 1965, Sherman Poppen, a chemical gases engineer in Muskegon, invented "The Snurfer" as a toy for his daughter. He made the Snurfer by bounding two skis together and putting a rope at the nose, so the rider could ... ...

• Word Count: 2202
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... is also sold by Monsanto, better known as Roundup, hence the name Roundup Ready soybeans. So farmers are buying these tolerant beans just so they can spray them with this chemical and not have to worry about them dying like every other plant life it touches, or at least that is the idea. This way Monsanto is getting paid twice for ... done to see what kind of health risks these GMO's can pose. Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFI) dubs roundup Ready seeds "Terminator Seeds-. Monsanto's goal is to create a scheme to engineer crops to kill their own seeds in the second generat...

• Word Count: 2323
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... in this year at the local level. National Wood Preserving Company is founded in Havertown by Samuel Jacoby. This company preserved wood such as railroad ties and telephone poles with a chemical called creosote. He stores millions of gallons of old creosote in large wells. By 1947 wells are full and every time it rains the creosote is washed over into Naylor ... in 1989 they issue a cleanup plan. The 1990's now arrive. In 1991 National Wood goes out of business. An oil water separator is installed in Naylor's Run. Angie Garcia, an engineer for the EPA, estimates 96,000 gallons of toxins ...

• Word Count: 1348
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School