... his many other books that are along the themes of spy, espionage, government and social and moral conflicts within and among states. In Hunt for Red October, we find that the US and British intelligence services become aware, through smuggled out photographs, of a new submarine that the USSR, former Soviet Union, ... in the water are soon identified as the signature or fingerprint of the Red October when it is using the new water jet propulsion system. The submarine runs virtually silent down a system of deep water canals in the Atlantic on a course directly for the coast of the United St...

• Word Count: 1089
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The October coup of 1917 that resulted in the Bolshevik consolidation of power revealed that all the party's efforts had been directed towards preparing for revolution, however little attention has been given ... ...

• Word Count: 337
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of Socialism/Communism and the Troubles of Starting the New Democratic System in the Russian Federation "Let's not talk about Communism. Communism was just an idea, just pie in the sky." Boris Yeltsin (b. 1931), Russian politician, president. Remark during a visit to the U.S. Quoted in: Independent (London, 13 Sept. 1989). The fall of the Communist regime in the Soviet ... , and of not accomplishing anything toward the reunification of Germany under East German rule. After the ousting of Khrushchev, Leonid Brezhnev became the Soviet Communist Party Secretary General in October of 1964. ...

• Word Count: 3016
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Lenin was responsible for the outbreak of revolution in October 1917. Discuss. During the month of October, the Bolsheviks seized power in Petrograd. They had completed a coup against the ever-unpopular capitalist government. Many say that there were many instances of chance in the coup, there was ... , however the Provisional government was going to be weak when it first started, this would be because the Russian people distrusted them. This showed the Russian people that Lenin was on their side and was in touch with them. This was one of the catalysts to revolution in November. Lenin wrote ...

• Word Count: 775
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... control of Petrograd block by block using the MRC under the command of Trotsky. Lenin as an individual played an essential role in the October revolution. From February to the revolution Lenin managed to raise party membership from 10,000 to 200,000. This was partly due to ... had not campaigned for these strategical shifts, the USSR would have never been established and consolidated."1 Many would argue that the 1917 October revolution would have not succeeded had it not been for the weakness of the provisional government, or the Petrograd soviets assistance. Christopher Read puts ... ma...

• Word Count: 1841
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , the Revolution of 1905, though not entirely successful, did bring about significant change to the tsar and his authority. The problems building up to the revolution of 1905 centered on political and economic conditions. Tsar Alexsandr III had set about to reverse some of the reforms put in place by his father. He set about suppressing the peasants and all ... upon the crowd, killing several hundreds. "Bloody Sunday" marked the beginning of unrest throughout Russia. Eventually, the tsar under counsel from Count Witte agreed to a constitution and other reforms. The October Manifesto (Octo...

• Word Count: 1024
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Cuba; others favored stern warnings to Cuba and the Soviet Union" (The Cuban Missile Crisis). The President pronounced a scheme that was a blend of the two advised plans. "On October 22, he ordered a naval "quarantine" of Cuba. The use of "quarantine" legally distinguished this action from a blockade, which assumed a state of war existed; ... of this proposition, Khrushchev sent Kennedy a letter that evening. It elevated the threat of nuclear holocaust, and offered a solution that extraordinarily bore a resemblance to what Scali recounted earlier. On October 27, Khrushchev again commun...

• Word Count: 2157
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... right to have unlimited power over the Russian people and expected unquestioned obedience. This personality and leadership led to the inadequate laws he implemented on his people, and it was his inability to provide change that pushed the population over the edge and attempt a revolution. The Russo-Japanese ... all over the empire, creating utter panic for the Tsar. Acts of rebellion flooded the nation, such as peasants murdering landlords, workers going on strike in cities and towns, and liberals criticizing the Tsar by publishing their complaints in illegal pamphlets and newspapers. Ni...

• Word Count: 950
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... best portrays the mood of the country and the artists. Gray further explains these events in when she articulates, "They took charge of the decoration of the streets for the October Revolution anniversary celebrations; they organized pageants depicting the Revolutionary take-over involving thousands of citizens-a highly successful method of identifying a people with a cause" (221). The Soviet ... as being "a school and a free academy where not only the current teaching of special professions was carried out but general discussions were held and seminars conducted amongst the students on ...

• Word Count: 4641
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... richer, create more jobs and open more opportunities. The most notable project was the interstate system, a project never before seen in human history as noted in the Saturday Evening Post (October 1956 edition), this was a sign of economic superiority which aided the fears of the people by seducing other peoples into capitalistic economies which the American people so much loved. The ... knew that if the Soviet Union was to attack, the U.S would blast it to nothingness. The cold war was a war between people and fear, and Eisenhower and his government fought on the people's side. They p...

• Word Count: 750
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the Provisional Government. Kerensky played a vital role in Russia's history as he was a crucial contributor to the revolutionary situation in October of 1917. He contributed to the October 1917 revolution through his controversial continuation of the war, the Kornilov affair, and his poor judgement of the Bolsheviks and their potential. ... order and discipline to the armed forces, in particular reinstalling the death penalty. The Kornilov affair came about as Kerensky and Kornilov had different strategies on how to restore order in the Provisional Government. A miscommunication between ...

• Word Count: 666
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (due to his failure to completely agree with all of Lenin's positions, including his advocacy of an "armed revolution" to overthrow the Provisional Government). This decline only proved temporary, however. On November 7, 1917 (October 25 on the Soviet calendar), the Bolsheviks seized power in a relatively bloodless coup, overthrowing the Provisional Government of Alexander Kerensky. Although Stalin apparently had no role in the ... and Stalin has direct descendants living both within and outside of Russia today (Svetlana herself left the Soviet Union, but later returned). In October 1919...

• Word Count: 7507
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... pre-revolution strategy alone gave the Bolsheviks strength and set it in good stead. His push for the revolution to take place in October 1917, with scepticism from other members in the party given the disastrous July Days, was proven to be a correct decision; as the ... timing, with action planned for the eve of the second All-Russian Congress o Soviets, led to the storming of the Winter Palace on the 25th of October 1917 and the subsequent recognition of the Council of People's Commissars (with Lenin as chairman) by the Congress of Soviets. Lenin's ... leadership and ability to lead t...

• Word Count: 1454
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... (due to his failure to completely agree with all of Lenin's positions, including his advocacy of an "armed revolution" to overthrow the Provisional Government). This decline only proved temporary, however. On November 7, 1917 (October 25 on the Soviet calendar), the Bolsheviks seized power in a relatively bloodless coup, overthrowing the Provisional Government of Alexander Kerensky. Although Stalin apparently had no role in the ... and Stalin has direct descendants living both within and outside of Russia today (Svetlana herself left the Soviet Union, but later returned). In October 1919...

• Word Count: 7028
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Bolshevik dictatorship established after the October Revolution was very quickly faced with numerous monumental crises. The civil war against the various anti-Bolshevik forces, the paralysing economic crisis ... in WWI eventually led to its loss of control of the army, and subsequently, its loss of political power in February 1917. In October 1917 the Bolsheviks inherited an economy on the brink of collapse. Four years of devastating war had paralysed Russian industry, and the outbreak of widespread civil war, plus the subsequent ... to keep the army supplied, and as can be gauged by the...

• Word Count: 956
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 1988. In an attempt to take control of the situation, the government gave de facto recognition to Solidarity, and Interior Minister Kiszczak began talks with Lech Walesa on August 31. These talks broke off in October, but a new series, the "roundtable" talks, began in February 1989. These talks produced an agreement in April for partly open National Assembly elections. The June ... a little over 40%. The cabinet was reshuffled in July 1990; the national defense and interior affairs ministers--hold-overs from the previous communist government--were among those replaced. In October 1990,...

• Word Count: 2078
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , the Bolsheviks would seize power by occupying strategic points through the capital city. This was to occur during the night preceding the opening session of the Second Congress of Soviets on October 25. The next day, the congress would have to ratify the abolition of the Provisional Government and the transfer of all powers to the Soviets- (Pipes Concise 120). The ... a totalitarian regimes would emulate in the future. The Bolsheviks' plans were elaborate and cautiously strung together planned for a time of chaos when they could seize power most effortlessly. In middle October the Prov...

• Word Count: 2068
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... during Tito's visit to the USSR in June 1956, led the country's top leadership to find answers to the problems caused by Khrushchev's speech. On June 30, 1956, the resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU, named "On Overcoming the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences," was published. It was the resolution, in which, in contrast to Khrushchev's speech, did not ... as the root cause of lawless repression. Instead, the traditional Communists of all countries explanation came to the forefront: Stalin allowed the retreat from Marxism-Leninism. Nevertheless, the resolution, built o...

• Word Count: 846
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... They both expected a quick victory so they did not prepare them selves for the harsh Russian winter. Russia used the same tactics on Hitler as they used on Napoleon they burned everything in site grain fields, they slaughtered livestock so as to leave nothing to the enemy could eat and they ... retreated. Napoleon entered Moscow in September 14, and found it in flames Napoleon and his army stayed in the ruined city for fine weeks they were there till mid October ... surrounded Leningrad. Seeing that Leningrad would not surrender Hitler went to Moscow the capital of the Soviet Union, Hitl...

• Word Count: 304
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... economic liberalization in the wake of political democratization. After the failed coup of August 1991, economic reformers, led by Prime Minister Gaidar, placed the Russian economy on a steady diet of shock therapy (Harris). In October 1991 in a speech made by Yeltsin, he called for several profound reforms,"" including the liberalization of prices, cuts in public spending, privatization, and military conversion ... . Yeltsin was given powers to rule by decree in economic matters (Harris). He made directives that abolished limits on earnings, liberalized foreign economic relations, and co...

• Word Count: 1541
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Moscow would easily fall under the command of the Nazis once they defeated it. Kiev eventually fell, and the Nazis launched a two-pronged attack on Stalingrad. The battle was brutally bloody, and the German army who were used to the ease of the Blitzkrieg attack were forced to confront their enemies ... up hope at this point in the war because of disastrous losses the German army caused them. However, the German army foolishly decided to take on the Russian winters and their vast army with limited winter supplies. The lack of proper supplies and the fierce stubbornness of both the German...

• Word Count: 1288
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... him as a race that was objectively superior to all of the rest of humanity - in World War I, and to assert his dominance over the world. On the other side were the democratic, capitalist, Western countries, like The United Kingdom, France, and later the United States of America, who entered into the ... capitalism, and equality for all. Even though the war ended in 1945 shortly following the death of Hitler, the marks that the War had left on the continent and the world, both physical and metaphorical, were still fresh at the time that Vaughan Williams was composing his concerto. The firs...

• Word Count: 1089
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Before a revolution occurs a number of preconditions are often necessary. Consider this statement regarding the situation in Russia and, in doing so, comment on the attitudes of Lenin and of the Germans to events in Russia in 1917, the main reasons for the collapse of the Tsarist regime in Russia in 1917 and the ... food and supplies, deteriorated; the failure of the Duma and collapse of the economy and the fact that there was a mass migration from the country to the towns placing pressure on the availability of food and shelter. All these factors culminated in the revolution, which was in f...

• Word Count: 766
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Before a revolution occurs a number of preconditions are often necessary. Consider this statement regarding the situation in Russia and, in doing so, comment on the attitudes of Lenin and of the Germans to events in Russia in 1917, the main reasons for the collapse of the Tsarist regime in Russia in 1917 and the ... food and supplies, deteriorated; the failure of the Duma and collapse of the economy and the fact that there was a mass migration from the country to the towns placing pressure on the availability of food and shelter. All these factors culminated in the revolution, which was in f...

• Word Count: 770
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... well educated Russian citizens who were becoming increasingly concerned with the problems arising in the Tsarist regime. Although all wanted a change in the governmental system, there were many different ideas on how to do this. There were liberals, known as "westernizers", who wanted to turn the peasants into citizens and establish a constitutional monarchy. Populists rejected these notions, and had ... was the Marxists, from which the Bolshevik party eventually evolved. Although they were socialist, they did not agree that Russia's rareness would allow them to skip the capitalist step...

• Word Count: 1522
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate