... fibers experienced excessive optical loss, the loss of the light signal as it traveled the fiber, limiting transmission distances. The development of laser technology was the next important step in the establishment of the industry of fiber optics. Only the laser diode (LD) or its lower-power cousin, the light-emitting diode (LED), had the potential to generate large amounts of light ... an intense light source. Shortly after, Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow at Bell Laboratories supported the laser in scientific circles. Lasers went through several generations including the developme...

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• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 2001) The healing process after the surgery is remarkably wonderful. Most facilitates have rapid healing and a increase in accuracy with each patient. The major advantages of laser surgery is that there's less postoperative discomfort, rapid visual rehabilitation, minimal corneal haze, decrease dependence on postoperative antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications, and few problems with glare ... surgeon and patient as well as the excellent visual outcomes, rapid recovery, and patient comfort. Choosing the appropriate ophthalmologist is vital in a patient's decision to undergo laser s...

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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to the eyeball. This LASIK surgical procedure requires no stitches allowing the eye to naturally heal itself (Basic Lasik). Surgeons who are trained specifically for this precise procedure perform the laser eye surgery. LASIK surgery can benefit people with farsightedness, nearsightedness, and astigmatism. Surgery results can range from satisfactory to excellent and many people's lives are vastly improved because they no ... longer have the burden of contact lenses or reading glasses (It's Your Health). The benefits of having LASIK laser eye surgery compared to PRK (Photo Refractive Ker...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... elevator that climbs at an average speed of 9 mph straight up a cable. 9 mph, that is not so fast but it is a significant breakthrough in the energy and laser technology that powers space elevators. Laser elevators are the first step in the scientific community to producing a elevator that can support large weights and make the sixty thousand mile voyage into space with out ... rockets or "hyperdrives." Space elevators are propelled by laser energy that is transmitted from a ground unit up to the elevator platform as it travels. The energy is accepted by a receiver which converts the en...

• Word Count: 529
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the time. In most cases it works very well, but sometimes different methods are needed. Forensic scientists can now use a small portable laser to look for fingerprints. The scientists "paints" the scene of crimes with the laser beam. As the laser beam sweeps across doors, walls and furniture, any fingerprints on them g ulow because they are fluorescent. Some atoms in the print absorb ... , and then release it again in a for of a burst of light. All of these tiny flashes combine to make the whole print glow when the laser beam hits it. The technique of laser-sweeping enables large areas t...

• Word Count: 4661
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the time. In most cases it works very well, but sometimes different methods are needed. Forensic scientists can now use a small portable laser to look for fingerprints. The scientists paint the scene of crimes with the laser beam. As the laser beam sweeps across doors, walls and furniture, any fingerprints on them glow because they are fluorescent. Some atoms in the print absorb ... , and then release it again in a burst of light. All of these tiny flashes combine to make the whole print glow when the laser beam hits it. The technique of laser-sweeping enables large areas to be searched ...

• Word Count: 4359
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... multimedia, and the following sections will highlight those changes in more detail. 3.0 Computer Games Past and Present: The Shift in Multimedia Focus 3.1 Computer Games Based on the Laser Disc Format The advent of laser disc games in the early 1980's introduced a new visually stimulating multimedia environment for gamers to immerse themselves in. Largely appealing to the arcade industry, this medium allowed someone ... for example to be drawn into a 3D world, where they would control a human or alien character through a journey, quest or battle. Industry examples of laser disc games in...

• Word Count: 2528
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the clothing of an individual are consistent in characteristics to known hair collected from the suspect and/or victim. Some of these characteristics include more obvious traits such as color, length, and morphological shape and also microscopic aspects of the cuticle, cortex and medulla, which are the three basic components of a hair. A hair cannot be linked specifically to an individual through ... usable fingerprints are present. The labs use classical fingerprint processes such as dusting powders, ninhydrin solutions and "Superglue" techniques. They also use the latest advances in d...

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... . This development was suitable for medical purposes because it had a light loss of one decibel per meter, which did evolved to make the laparoscopic surgery device. The invention of the laser in the 1960's developed by Theodore Maiman embarked a widespread interest in optical systems for data communications. It prompted researchers to study the potential of fiber optics for data communications, sensing ... , and other applications. Laser systems could send a much larger amount of data than telephone, microwave, and other electrical systems. Laser was very important to advancing fiber opt...

• Word Count: 788
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of rapid development fueled the enthusiasm that ushered in even greater discoveries during the 1980s and 1990s. Two techniques developed in the mid 1980's, electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), have had a significant impact on the capabilities of mass spectrometry. ESI is the production of highly charged droplets that are treated with dry gas or heat to ... into use for biomolecule analysis in the 1980's. MALDI was developed by Tanaka et al. (Japan) as well as by Franz Hillenkamp and Michael Karas, both of Germany. MALDI uses a laser to d...

• Word Count: 2140
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... wave helium-neon lazar was developed. Researchers then soon found that rain, haze, clouds, and atmospheric turbulence limited the reliability of long-distance lazar links. By 1965, millimeter-wave and laser telecommunications clearly had major technical barriers to overcome. Millimeter waveguides had to be kept perfectly straight in order to maintain a low loss-of-signal. Optical waveguides were also proving to ... be a problem. Stewart Miller's group at Bell Telephone Laboratories was working on a system of gas lenses to focus laser beams along hollow waveguides for long-distance commu...

• Word Count: 1500
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... violet. The intensity or brightness of the light is defined by the flux. Wavelength in the visible range on the electromagnetic scale, we can attribute a color to it. That is, laser light with a single wavelength of 650 nanometers looks red. The circular wavelength scale outside the color wheel shows the wavelength connection between the linear and circular sequences. The purple region ... ...

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... ) is a chemical compound composed of gallium and arsenic. It is an important semiconductor, and is used to make devices such as microwave frequency integrated circuits, infrared light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. The electronic properties of GaAs are superior to silicon's. It has a higher saturated electron velocity and higher electron mobility, allowing it to function at frequencies in excess of 250 ... ...

• Word Count: 1699
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate