... prospective randomized controlled study, James, Spencer and Stepsis" objective was "to examine whether prenatal exposure to a music stimulus alters fetal behavior and whether this continues into the newborn period" (James et al, 2002, p. 431). The researchers conducted a prospective randomized controlled study using an exposure model to determine the ability of the fetus to learn. Learning was defined in terms of the behavioral ... out that there are "inherent problems in using behavioral responses such as heart rate, activity, and mouthing or sucking in the fetus and newborn in fetal l...

• Word Count: 1245
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... by its own. The first type of abortion is called 'Miscarriage' which takes place spontaneously. The second type of abortion is called 'Induced Abortion' which is intentional (Finer, et al. 2005). The debate regarding the morality and lawfulness of induced abortion is an ongoing controversy. In most cases there are two sides in this debate, one known as 'pro ... of unintended pregnancies have shown low rates of abortion and vice versa. In countries where the use of contraceptive methods has increased, the abortion rates have decreased the most (Bankole, et al. 1998). Thus,...

• Word Count: 1705
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

According to a major international medical report, 64% of American females had abortions due external pressures (Rue et. al.). Coerced abortion can be defined as the termination of a pregnancy against the mother's wishes. In fact, adverse circumstances such as financial issues, health problems, and social affair cause abortion to ... society. Psychological effects depend on the wantedness of the pregnancy. For instance, a woman who terminates an unwanted pregnancy might find the abortion psychologically advantageous instead of continuing the pregnancy (Zabin et. al.). On the other hand­­­...

• Word Count: 891
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate