... them due to their sexuality. The government's most important change in terminology was a successful attempt to provide same sex couples with the same rights as heterosexual de-facto relationships. The De-Facto Relationships Act 1984 (NSW) was amended and renamed The Property (Relationships) Act 1984 (NSW). The newly amended act dud recognise same sex relations as ... spouse' and 'child' to recognise the relationships of same-sex couples and their children. These expanded definitions allowed same sex couples to come under the currently legislation preventing major and lengthy law reform, ...

• Word Count: 1344
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... south coast and succeeded in stopping their advance and eventually driving them back and off the island of Papua New Guinea. This was the first major land victory. However, there were changes in policies. The most important one was in 1941 when John Curtin, the Prime Minister, declared that ... in policy from before the war when they would have supported their traditional ally, Britain, which had colonies in the region. Although Australia supported de-colonization, when the problem arose it was strongly against communism, in support for their new ally, USA. The reason the USA was against ...

• Word Count: 1983
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in place across Australia today. The slow decline of the once widespread nuclear family has in turn seen the rise of many other family arrangements, including couples without children, de facto couples, blended families, extended families, single parent families, gay and lesbian couples, customary law marriages and polygamous marriages. All of these examples are defined as alternate family ... by family. Note that since amendment the definition does not include the sex of either party. Whilst this amendment may allow for some entitlements for same sex couples in a de facto relationship, ...

• Word Count: 1440
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... rate within Australia was 6.4 per 1000, (source: United Nations Monthly Bulletin of Statistic) since 1970 the crude marriage rate has decreased, whilst there has been a great increase in de facto couples. Many circumstances have had great effects on the choice of marriage. Economic downturn, rapid social change (i.e. Divorce laws), and changes to attitudes towards marriage, along with ... 72% of families were intact, whilst 21% were step and blended families and 7% were single-parent (source: The Australian, June 1997). Once again the increased recognition of de facto partnerships, along...

• Word Count: 1079
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ." Though many historians hold these claims to be unsubstantiated or mythical, there seems to be sufficient conditional evidence to infer "some European presence...before the coming of the British." The major piece of evidence suggesting that the Portuguese did indeed discover Australia in the 1520's is that of a series of maps, known as the Dieppe Maps, which are French copies of ... time. The question remains however, as to who exactly were the unknown Portuguese navigators who discovered Australia in the 1520's. There seems much evidence to suggest that a Portuguese Captain, Cristovao...

• Word Count: 1911
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Viet Minh (an abbreviation of "Viet Nam Doc Lap Dong Minh Hoi" or "League for Independence of Vietnam") under the political leadership of a man best known by his last nom de guerre, Ho Chi Minh, and the military guidance of the able Vo Nguyen Giap, conducted a resistance movement against the Japanese from bases in Tonkin (in northern Vietnam). (Tonkin Annam and ... the French continuing to try to draw them into "set-piece" battles. To this end, Dien Bien Phu was occupied and established as a major fortress in 1953. It was a serious tactical error, being sited too far from major centres ...

• Word Count: 3628
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... were among Japanese, whose numbers grew. Malays decreased, while Philippino population remained stable. The earliest European encounter with aborigines was reported by De Prado, who was aboard Luis de Torres's San Pedrico when it passed through the Strait in 1606, De Prado describes how the Spaniards landed at Giaka, They looted a recently deserted camp, shot an Islander and kidnapped three women given. Since ... ...

• Word Count: 679
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Viet Minh (an abbreviation of "Viet Nam Doc Lap Dong Minh Hoi" or "League for Independence of Vietnam") under the political leadership of a man best known by his last nom de guerre, Ho Chi Minh, and the military guidance of the able Vo Nguyen Giap, conducted a resistance movement against the Japanese from bases in Tonkin (in northern Vietnam). (Tonkin Annam and ... the French continuing to try to draw them into "set-piece" battles. To this end, Dien Bien Phu was occupied and established as a major fortress in 1953. It was a serious tactical error, being sited too far from major centres ...

• Word Count: 4606
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... unaware of what they were really signing up for. It may be argued that this complied with Deception in Research, as the patients were de-briefed. Deception in Research-. Shocks not real. Victim not really a participant. Participants were de-briefed at the end of Milgrams study, so this is an ethical right that the study complied with. Withdrawal Rights- physically yes the ... ...

• Word Count: 791
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... broadcasters (ABC and SBS). I will examine issues of quality, frequency of content, provision of local content, funding (including cost reduction strategies) and claims of bias and regulatory obligations. Television enjoys a de facto monopoly in what goes into the heads of certain sections of the population. Television is a powerful mass medium, and as such it deserves strong regulation to ensure its power ... money which can be returned to the owners of their business. As with any commercial media, commercial television programs will rarely attack any business which might be likely to ...

• Word Count: 2588
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ; blood ties as with parents, siblings and children; legal ties as with a spouse, adopted children and step-relations; similar ties that have the same familial features of legal ties, like de facto relations, gay or lesbian partnerships, long-term foster children, and indigenous customary marriages"(classified by Dr Porter). Some people believe that family relationship and family life are outdated by ... fulfil the ever-changing demands of twenty-first century. Families are not fixed any more. The structures of families vary to include families that are nuclear, single parent, foster, ho...

• Word Count: 1120
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... be regarded as migratory citizens not entitled to political or social rights equal to those of whites" (Pomeroy, Apartheid, Imperialism, and African Freedom, 8). Apartheid continued until 1990, when colonial president de Clerk officially ended apartheid. Since millions of Africans lost their traditional lands during apartheid, they also lost their culture, because they used to be hunter-gatherers that lived off the ... One: Indigenous and other Australian Poverty, 1). "Indigenous people are disadvantaged within the Australian community, largely as a result of the effects of European set...

• Word Count: 2682
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... tourist destination both domestically and internationally. One very important vehicle which Australia chooses to utilize its luster as a tourist destination is through major sporting events that attract attention from all around the world, as well as Australia. This essay examines the ways in which Australia uses ... not only direct economic value to its host location, but also to provide the more lasting effects that extensive media coverage can provide. Major sporting events provide a country the opportunity to "show off" on the world stage. This can be an invaluable tool when trying...

• Word Count: 1956
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... complex adaptations to facilitate these interactions, which include not only destructive interactions such as herbivory but mutually beneficial ones such as pollination and fruit dispersal. Many of the major groups of flower-feeding birds (hummingbirds, sunbirds, flowerpeckers, honey-eaters) and mammals (pteropodid and glossophagine bats) are tropical, as are most fruit-eating birds and ... and edentates among the mammals; tinamous, curassows, hoatzins, hummingbirds, the great array of suboscine perching birds (ovenbirds, antbirds, flycatchers and their relatives), puffbirds, toucans, ja...

• Word Count: 12375
• Approx Pages: 50
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... example newspapers and television, the increased interconnectedness between nations, in particular between the USA and Australia, has seen this occur regardless. The Media Ownership Regulations in Australia state that "the major effect of the laws is to prevent the common ownership of newspapers, television and radio broadcasting licences that serve the same region." The purpose of the legislation is to encourage ... US actions, and protests against continual bombing of Afghanistan. For example, a number of protests were held across Australia to demonstrate anti-war feelings on October ...

• Word Count: 2834
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Guinea and quickly overwhelmed the small Australian garrison. The Battle for Australia had begun. The Japanese then began to develop Rabaul into a major base for further military operations against Australia and the United States in the South-West Pacific area. With the advantage of this foothold on ... Guinea and quickly overwhelmed the small Australian garrison. The Battle for Australia had begun. The Japanese then began to develop Rabaul into a major base for further military operations against Australia and the United States in the South-West Pacific area. With the advantage of this f...

• Word Count: 1961
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... than 50 000 extremely poor women and their families. Training was also given in basic skills such as literacy and numeracy. *INDIA-Australian aid helped reduce atmospheric pollution from a major steel works, reducing health risks for more than 51 000 people. *CAMBODIA-Australian aid provided assistance for the building and operating of 15 health centres, training staff and promoting ... world's single largest economy. While there are serious challenges confronting China in maintaining its pace of economic development, it is already a very significant trading partner for Australia. Austra...

• Word Count: 1471
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... greater than other industries. Australia's abundance of natural resources and extensive reserves of coal, iron, copper, gold, natural gas, uranium, and renewable energy sources, make it a major exporter of commodities; which, alongside with rising global commodity prices and the rapid increase of demand for resources and energy from Asia, China in particular, attracts foreign investment. Australia's ... economic success via primary industry exports act as a tell-tale of the nation's course to becoming a major regional financial centre. Unlike Australia, Singapore functions independently...

• Word Count: 2267
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... impact of currently used packaging materials Currently used materials are found related to: a.Greenhouse effect b.Acidification c.Eutrophication d.Photochemical ozone formation a.Aluminum for incinerations is the major contributor for the greenhouse effect as well as plastic packaging due to its high thermal value.Cardboard and glass represent the least contribution to the greenhouse effect and ... recycled ,their contribution to acidification can be reduced by more than 50%.The lowest contributions to these phenomenon come from cardboard and glass. c.Eutrophication .The major contribu...

• Word Count: 1549
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... has developed into an important industry that satisfies an important basic human need. In Australia, tourism is one of the biggest industries and a major contributor to the economy. Not only is it a major export and main source of providing occupations and tax revenue it is also an industry, which attracts foreign investment. This essay will not only ... of Australian tourism there have been distinct tendencies, which have allowed tourism to grow and flourish. The continued advancement of public transport and the increase in car ownership have played a major part because of Australian ...

• Word Count: 1102
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... for people aged 65 and over whereas the new health report shows that stroke is no longer a large percentage mortality causer. TABLE 4.6 MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH IN OLDER PEOPLE ABORIGINAL AND TORRES STRAIT INSLANDER AUSTRALIANS Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders suffer a great burden of ill health than ... during their leisure time, and be more overweight or obese, all of which are significant risk factors for a number of the major health conditions, e.g. cardiovascular disease and respiratory diseases. RURAL AND REMOTE PEOPLE Australia has one of the most urbanised population in the wo...

• Word Count: 1384
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... it to take account of social, cultural and legal factors which may have had a bearing on the deaths under investigation. The issues surrounding Australian "Aboriginal Deaths In Custody" is of major concern to all people living within a society that chooses to consider themselves open-minded to cultural awareness, tolerance and a willingness to embrace the concepts of "reconciliation". Significant reduction in Indigenous ... that all people within our society, irrespective of their culture, colour or background, are treated equal. White man's acceptance of Aboriginal people has gradually...

• Word Count: 1133
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... many supporters but also many skeptics, both of which have their own ideas on the strengths or weaknesses of it. The Australian Constitution has many strengths and weaknesses to it. A major strength of the constitution is that the three main institutions of government (legislature, executive and judiciary) were created following the principles of separation of powers. This means that no one ... again gives more flexibility to the constitution. It is possible to alter the Constitution with the use of referendums, which are outlined in section 128. This is considered to be a major strengt...

• Word Count: 1067
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the population centres. A comprehensive list of the domestic networks is provided in Appendix B. Australia's key eastern seaboard capitals of Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane are currently linked by three major fibre optic `backbone' networks. There are also two established networks linking the southern seaboard capitals of Perth, Adelaide and Melbourne. This configuration provides large business users with significant bandwidth ... capacity (brought online through fibre upgrades and the application of Dense Wave Digital Multiplexing (DWDM) technology) in existing infrastructure is many ...

• Word Count: 511
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... have upgraded the Maritime Training College to international standards. They have improved safety and efficiency of PNG civil aviation through the BALUS program and airport safety programs, four major airport upgrades and major maintenance of 13 airports and The South Fly communications network completed Another type of aid that has been useful in helping PNG is Technical assistance as they provide education ... and local level governments with the assistance of Treasury, the Department of Finance and Administration and the Australian Taxation Office. Australia and the ADB are co financ...

• Word Count: 1043
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate