For example, Toni Morrison, in her critical text Playing in the Dark, has argued that everything that constitutes whiteness as a racial identity--from the national literature of the United States to its Constitution to the daily practices of its citizens--is a response to the absent/objectified presence of the black Other or, in her words, "to a dark, abiding, signing Africanist presence" (5). She goes on to say: Just as the formation of the nation necessitated coded language and purposeful restrictions ... so too did the literature, whose founding characteristics extend into the twentieth...

• Word Count: 301
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1948, when the National Party won the general election in South Africa, a system known as apartheid took place in the country. The National Party is a South African political party that was founded in 1914. ... Well, as the National party came in power in 1948, apartheid started and therefore resulted to different kind of inequalities between whites and blacks in many years. ... Afrikaans was a foreign language for blacks, it was the language of whites in the country. ... They weren't even allow to learn under their native language, instead of that, they were forced to use the language...

• Word Count: 2834
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Apartheid, literally meaning separateness or setting apart , was the ideology of the South African National Party that made the segregation of and discrimination against non-whites government policy. ... The white minority strongly resisted African majority rule and during the 1940's the Afrikaner National Party sought to mobilize Afrikaner opinion. ... The white minority, fearing African majority rule, voted the National Party into office in 1948's whites-only general election. ... In 1950, the National Party introduced the Group Areas Act, which allocated separate living ar...

• Word Count: 2509
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Europeans or (whites) who controlled the slave trade realized that he had to strip the Africans or (black people) of all culture such as original names, languages, and religion. ... In order to accomplish that, they outlawed anything and everything belonging to or identified with African culture and forced them to accept their names, languages, religions, and along with that, the terms "nergo," "nigger," and "nigga." ... Individuals, mainly African-Americans must consciously stop using the word "nigga" and eliminate it from their everyday language. No matter how you think of yourself, whe...

• Word Count: 1650
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As proven in the later years of the National party, the ideologies of apartheid were continually being abandoned in the name of siding with business practices for economic prosperity in spite of the conflicts it posed with apartheid's goal of completely separating races. ... This assertion within the Moodley and Heribert text gives insight into the delusions of the National Party during this era. ... The National Party could not have alleviated the myriad of problems it had without causing total destruction to the "system " it had built. ... "In March 1965, a delegation from " A Nationa...

• Word Count: 3701
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He believed that violence against the colonizer was the sole solution for national liberation. ... He called for the break away of French culture, including the French language and French identify so as to dissolve conceptions of black inferiority. ...

• Word Count: 1171
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Abstract Hip-Hop has long been demonized for its militant language and outlawed narrative as a part of American society. ... Its primary language is African American Vernacular English 2. ... (National Center for Education Statistics, 1998). ...

• Word Count: 1971
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate