The single most important event since 1877 in United States history was the Manhattan Project, the project to create the Atomic Bomb. ... The project was highly classified and kept secret from all Americans except the President and a select few of inner circle scientists working on the bomb led by Robert Oppenheimer. ... " Robert Oppenheimer was the scientific director of the Manhattan Project and worked at a laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico. ... At the end of World War II, only the United States possessed the atomic bomb. ... The atomic bomb enabled the United States to dominate pos...

• Word Count: 1155
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Robert Cooper famously argued that victorious states must use both hard and soft powers in order to adequately achieve fixed long-term objectives. ... In terms of culture, it can be said that the United States has a worldwide influence. ... Strausz (2009) states that hard and soft powers are two sides that oftentimes reinforce and interfere with one another. ... Putin is said to have worked on his own "brand" of soft authoritarian power with the former Soviet satellite states. One sub-strategy of this main strategy is the continued presence of Russian state television in the former S...

• Word Count: 2019
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Shortly after Imperial Japan's infamous attack on the United States fleet at Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. ... The Vestment Clause, found in Section I, states that "The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America"3. ... United States. ... Justice Owen Roberts wrote in his dissent that this "is the case of convicting a citizen as a punishment for not submitting to imprisonment in a concentration camp, based on his ancestry, and solely because of his ancestry, without evidence or inquiry concerning his loyalty and good disposition tow...

• Word Count: 1503
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the article A Political Science Perspective on the Balance of Power and the Concert, the author Robert Jervis (1992:717) states, "The growth of a nation's power, if it becomes great enough to menace other strong states, will be at least partially self-defeating; the attempt to dominate the international system will call up a counter-balancing coalition that will restrain the state. ... "4 A bipolar global system is defined by two states or group of states sharing the global power. ... A multipolar world is defined by a power dived between three or more states. ... As Georges...

• Word Count: 1317
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises, the narrator, Jake Barnes, describes Robert Cohn, a rich Jew who graduated from Princeton with low self-esteem, an unsuccessful marriage, and a vanished inheritance. ... While Hemingway never actually states that Jake and his friends' lives are aimless, the concept is alluded to through his illustration of their psychological conditions, which contrast with their surface activities, which fail to bring happiness or fulfillment. ...

• Word Count: 355
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

That is, to prevent one state or a group of states from disrupting the status quo, through the use of violence. ... Others search for the domestic causes of war in the domestic structure of states. ... Robert Gilpin assesses the likelihood that changes in global politics might lead to what he terms hegemonic war. ... For the United States, freedom, democracy, and national independence are the most powerful forces in the world. ... At the end of World War II, the United States held a position of unparalleled pre-eminence in global politics. ...

• Word Count: 1946
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

While some may view it to be a necessary evil, such as author Robert P. ... Many believe that the bombs were unnecessary and that the United States most likely over looked other diplomatic options. ... Robert P. ... The most compelling argument presented was Robert P. ... Moreover, it is also considered essential in order to strengthen our stand in negotiations against the United States and Great Britain. ...

• Word Count: 1852
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United States, taking the dominant role, set forth in the Moscow Declaration of 1943 methods to deal with the punishment of Germany. ... In his opening argument, head prosecutor for the United States, Robert Jackson said, "The privilege of opening the first trial in history for crimes against the peace of the world imposes a great responsibility. ... By its invasion of neighboring sovereign states and by its treatment of civilian populations, both within Germany and the occupied territories, it was abundantly clear that Germany was in violation of both these signed treaties. ... As Dou...

• Word Count: 2850
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

British Imperialism And the Boer War European politics in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries endured controversy and problem over the ideas of imperialism and nationalism. Changes in Europe politically, intellectually, economically, and socially, radically conditioned new response to the issues of imperialism, nationalism, and war. Britain, at its imperial zenith, faced a war that sprung from both ideologies of imperialism and nationalism. The Boer War (1899-1902) would change imperialistic relations between England her colonies, and open their eyes to the country's m...

• Word Count: 3503
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Friendship contains many components that make it unique but the main one are that friends must enjoy one another's company and be useful to each other as Robert N. Bellah correctly states in his passage "Citizenship and Friendship." ... Bellah correctly states that in order people to become friends, individuals have to enjoy one another's company. ... Roosevelt, President of the United States, became friends when they fought to stop Hitler's reign of terror and the annihilation of the Jews. ...

• Word Count: 1198
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Noelle Musco 9/27/03 SRS on American Foreign Policy Chapter 11 Dating back over 50 years ago, president-Congress relationships have always been strained over the power to declare war. In 1943 Congress declared its resolution to end isolationism and adopt collective security as the postwar for...

• Word Count: 818
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, when the United States offered a peace agreement based on "Unconditional Surrender," the Japanese refused this offer as no provisions had been made for their Emperor. ... Sigal states, " one point was clear to senior [United States] officials, regardless of where they stood on war termination the critical condition for Japanese surrender was the assurance that the throne would be preserved" (Alperovitz 31). ... The Japanese were completely cut off from the rest of the world, as Robert Butow said, " the scales of the war had been tipped so steeply against the Japanese that no counterw...

• Word Count: 3760
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

When we could take no more of our control by England we thought to break free, yet quickly went back to our lapdog service, this time for the United States of America. ... Wherever the United States is resisting aggression we will go a-waltzing Matilda with you. ... He goes into great detail about the blind devotion of former Prime Minister Robert Menzies, and the blatant exploitation of Australia's land, through atomic bomb tests, and its people, through various wars often fought on the other side of the world. ...

• Word Count: 1147
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Vietnam War commenced very differently from Korea, the Korean War originated internally when North attacked South, but Vietnam was started externally by the United States. ... (US Secretary of Defence Robert McNamara, 19 May 1967) Despite their efforts however as the war escalated, the public became increasingly concerned and unhappy. ... Vietnam however was catastrophic, it was an embarrassment to the American government, to not only be beaten but for its own people to object to its war, nor was the United States internationally backed in this endeavour....

• Word Count: 1037
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Meanwhile, Chaplin's huge level of popularity and lifestyle began attracting suspicion in an increasingly paranoid United States of America. ... In 1948 he was publicly decried for his defense of known-Marxist Hanns Eisler, a German composer, who was in the process of being deported by the United States. Years later, Chaplin would be denied a renewed re-entry visa to the United States. ... It was born out of the troubles that Chaplin faced personally as well as the culture that the Cold War had created in the United States throughout the 1950s. ... He also takes aim at the "Atomic C...

• Word Count: 2299
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United States was fighting all communism and was strong on the idea of liberating all enslaved people of the world, and for many this included Native Americans. ... The Cold War experiences of African Americans and Native Americans mirrored each other in many ways, but Natives had an entirely different fight then blacks due to termination policies, the actual fact that Native Americans are the true inhabitants of this land and the hundreds of treaties between the United States and Native tribes that a Crow politician, Robert Yellowtail, called the "sacred covenants" of American history. .....

• Word Count: 1633
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

" Furthermore, by acting in Korea this would be the first steps to establishing the critically important network of allied states (such as Japan and South Korea) that would sit alongside a rejuvenated Western Europe as a bulwark against Soviet expansion. ... Robert Donovan agrees with this hypothesis of American policy, and furthers it by suggesting that this extension of the American sphere of influence meant that the North Korean progression over the 38th parallel was inevitably going to be interpreted in Washington as a profound challenge to American interests. ...

• Word Count: 1205
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Humans have always had the ambition to improve their lives. They desired their civilizations to grow and advance, so they initiated methods to make their lives easier. In addition, many of the greatest contributions were invented by ancient people; however, these inventions such as Gothic Cathedrals...

• Word Count: 1176
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Dismayed by the growing protest against United States" involvement in Vietnam, Wayne contested that he tried to counter the resistance by creating a major motion picture to, what he says, "Tell the story of our fighting men in Vietnam with reason, emotion, characterization, and action in a manner that will inspire a patriotic attitude on the part of fellow Americans." ... After putting the situation into terms "everyone can understand," Sergeant Muldoon states the argument, "They need us. ... Perhaps the best example of a Vietnam War film that utilizes myths to enhance the story is Michael ...

• Word Count: 3681
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Joseph Stalin was the soviet communist leader who's passing molded an era, and whose iron rule determined the lives of millions of people. Considering that he shaped the direction of post-World War II Europe, we may regard him as the most powerful person to live during the 20th century. Joseph Sta...

• Word Count: 7507
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Defining politics today has different meaning from 20th century. Littrë in his 1987 dictionary defined politics as the science of government of states'. Robert in 1962 defined it as the art and practice of government of human societies'. Today government of state related to that of other human so...

• Word Count: 2405
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction The field of transitional justice was practically nonexistent prior to the end of the Second World War. Mass atrocities had taken place on the world stage with almost no consequences being brought upon the perpetrators, and more importantly the orchestrators or those "most responsible" for these crimes. This would all change after the crimes of the Nazis being brought to light during/after WWII. There was a paradigm shift in the international community in regards to justice being brought upon those who commit these crimes and the common thought or feeling that this coul...

• Word Count: 4395
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate