... all particulars, and translation is not merely a matter of substituting different but equivalent labels for the contents of the same inventory. From this stem the notorious difficulties in translation, especially when the systematizations of science, law, morals, social structure, and so on are involved. The extent of the interdependence of language and thought "linguistic relativity, as it has ... been termed "is still a matter of debate, but the fact of such interdependence can hardly fail to be acknowledged. Ways of studying language Languages are immensely complicated structures ......

• Word Count: 8535
• Approx Pages: 34
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... or social planning process, whether as cause and/or as effect. Two more types of language planning added in the literature are acquisition planning (Cooper 1989) and prestige planning (Haarmann 1990). c. Acquisition planning, which is directed towards the users, describes efforts to promote the acquisition of additional languages. Bilingual educational programs are examples of acquisition language planning. d. Prestige planning brings positive values to the planning ... ;who are we?" marks gender, family roles, occupation, region, religion, caste, class and language. These identity marke...

• Word Count: 4705
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... it enlarges its opportunities. For the world, the apprehension of second languages is also of great importance for it enhances globalization and interdependence. It is therefore very important that there is an understanding of the learning process when apprehending a second language. The creation of studies and their publication provides information that helps this understanding. The two studies gather important information on the subject, but one ... use: It provides useful information but not directly applicable to learning languages. The other study on the other hand is of much more ...

• Word Count: 1139
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate