... kids from committing or repeating violent crimes. Times change, and juvenile crimes get more violent, so the need for a new law is being considered by the American politicians. As Pete Wilson stated in his article "How is Juvenile Justice Served?" the previous law was efficient, because it "Was designed in 1940's, when "serious" offenses included truancy, curfew violations and fistfights", while ... nowadays, the law has to deal with gang-related crimes, murders, rape cases, and many other violent offenses (Wilson 1). There is also a terrifying record Wilson presented which shows that "...

• Word Count: 2799
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... run a scared straight program that I could find on the internet, but in 2001, a report by Aos and colleagues estimated that it was $51 per participant to run a juvenile awareness program (Wilson 2012). As of 2011, the Federal government refuses to give any monetary donations to any Scared Straight program or program with a similar framework. After a few big studies had come out ... very surprising. It showed that youth that participated in the programs were more likely to engage in criminal activity by 1 to 30 percent, with an average increase of 13 percent (Wilson 2012). Mark Lipsey, o...

• Word Count: 1578
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the ongoing negative reaction to sex offenders in the community and the concerns that official supervisory models couldn't successfully re-integrate sex offenders, nor guarantee public safety (Wilson, 2003; Wilson and Picheca 2005; Wilson et al. 2005, 2007). COSA entails a group of volunteers who work with sex offenders by offering appropriate sources of support and intervention to help them manage their thoughts ... ...

• Word Count: 2070
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of juvenile offenders. First, a political scientist warned of a coming generation of juvenile "superpredators " (DiIulio, 1995a) who would become a "new breed " of cold-blooded murderers (DiIulio, 1995b). Second, DiIulio and Wilson predicted that a new "wave " of juvenile violence would occur approximately between 1995 and 2010 based on a projected increase in the under-18 population (DiIulio, 1996 ... ; Wilson, 1995). The sharp increase in adolescent and young adult homicides in the late 1980s and early 1990s (Cook & Laub, 1998) was tied to the presumed new wave of juvenile "superpredat...

• Word Count: 2448
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ) " (GAO 2005). These results mean that the problem-solving courts have the potential to produce net cost reductions on the system because of the likelihood of lowered recidivism rates. David B. Wilson, Ojmarrh Mitchell, and Doris L. Mackenzie conducted a meta-analysis comparing 50 separate studies that dealt with the effects of drug courts on recidivism rates. The results of this study show with ... high statistical significance a 38%-50% reduction in recidivism (Wilson et al. 2006). This report also stated that, "Although there is evidence of some decay in effects over time, positive e...

• Word Count: 4011
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... mandatory sentencing, less judicial discretion, and less chance of early parole. Some legislatures feel that three strike laws have stricter penalties that will reduce crimes, and will reduce judicial discretion (Wilson,2000). Today, a total of 40 states have laws that lengthen the sentences of repeat criminals. Twenty-six of the 40 states, as well as the federal government, have specifically ... Amendment, which says, "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted." Misdemeanors can be the basis for an indeterminate life ...

• Word Count: 2028
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... community needs its young males too much to punish them. There is significant reason to believe this idea. William Julius Wilson states, "black women, especially young black women, are facing a shrinking pool of "marriageable" (i.e. economically stable) men."17 Much of Wilson's book is dedicated to the discussion of the dissolution of the Black family and its effects on the Black community. It ... ...

• Word Count: 3584
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... expect from their children also affects the likelihood of future delinquency. Typically parents who set high but reasonable standards of conduct have children who are less likely to commit crimes (Wilson, 1980; Laybourn, 1986; Glueck & Glueck, 1950). Parents must teach and encourage their children to behave within a certain set of clear and realistic expectations. Children who underachieve in school for example ... democratic, middle class values on service recipients. Furthermore, new parent training regimens must focus on problem-specific curriculum to educate parents about contributi...

• Word Count: 8199
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... viable alternatives to prison with the introduction of enhanced Probation Orders, Community Service Orders and the formation of the Custody Probation Order. The most cursory glance at studies by Kerr & Wilson, Kershaw and many other academics illustrate that the prison experience by no means is a solution to the crime problem. Merely a state of suspended animation in which to place offenders, a state ... in which they evidently become better criminals, drug addicts, hardened and ready to re-offend when released. Kerr & Wilson's evidence showing a 49% re-conviction rate [substantially lo...

• Word Count: 2567
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... report concluded that since the passage of 3 Strikes Law, the violent crime in California has dropped 26.9% with a 30.8% drop in the six major crime categories." Also, Politicians like Pete Wilson argued that Three Strikes would save taxpayers money because the savings in reduced crime would exceed the cost of prison construction and maintenance . As the result, politicians like Governor of ... would need a new resolution. We need campaigns to stop crime at its source. People turn to crime when they cannot find jobs, not because they are career criminals. If Pete Wilson has not sign the...

• Word Count: 1172
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a percent of all crimes committed in Canada. In Canada, the rate of youth and adult homicide was 1.8 per 100, 000 in 1999, which was at its lowest level since 1967 (Wilson-Smith, 2000). With the decreasing frequency of crime, citizens still feel apprehensive due to the notion that the media distorts the reality of non-violent crime and displays the worst ... ...

• Word Count: 1719
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... officer discretion as well as to help officers prepare for situations they may confront. These policies would help police make decisions in their duties and limit the likelihood of lawsuits. Wilson argues that police make judgments about situations and individuals, and they practice distributive justice (Dunham &Alpert 120). Many scholars argue that the choices policeman make are due to their beliefs ... ...

• Word Count: 2138
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate