... for crimes is much higher than the costs associated with the carrying of concealed handguns. Lott feels that by substantially increasing the immediate risk to potential criminals, fewer crimes will be committed. Analysis Lott's research for this book appears to be one of the most extensive studies ever done on this subject. He includes comprehensive tables, charts, and data from the FBI, local ... studies. There are other nations with very low crime rates that do not allow the possession of guns that Lott does not consider in his study. Lott's initially wrote this book to be used as a t...

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Introduction The aim of this policy report is to provide well-researched policy recommendations on the issue of theft of and from motor vehicles, which will be ... doing their shopping (Jefferson, 2014). Through the combination of access control, natural surveillance, lighting, community patrol and awareness campaigns individuals can be educated on how to ensure that they're vehicles remain safe (New South Wales Department of Justice, 2012, p2). Awareness campaigns can be held in many places in many ... different ways. The community can gather for a meeting once a fortnight to be educated abo...

• Word Count: 2187
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Rutgers University hate crime trial took a drastic turn after one witness, Lokesh Ojha, admitted that he lied on the stand and revealed that the defendant, Dharun Ravi, intentionally set a webcam to spy on his gay roommate Tyler Clementi. When Clementi found out a few days later, he committed suicide by jumping off a bridge, prompting national media to use the case as an example of anti-gay bullying. Ravi now faces charges of invasion of privacy, bias intimidation, witness tampering, and hindering arrest (Koenigs). During the cross-examination, Ojha admitted that Ravi told him about the we...

• Word Count: 532
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Rutgers University hate crime trial took a drastic turn after one witness, Lokesh Ojha, admitted that he lied on the stand and revealed that the defendant, Dharun Ravi, intentionally set a webcam to spy on his gay roommate Tyler Clementi. When Clementi found out a few days later, he committed suicide by jumping off a bridge, prompting national media to use the case as an example of anti-gay bullying. Ravi now faces charges of invasion of privacy, bias intimidation, witness tampering, and hindering arrest (Koenigs). During the cross-examination, Ojha admitted that Ravi told him about the we...

• Word Count: 532
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Texas judge William Adams, who ironically presides over child abuse cases, caused uproar when daughter Hillary Adams uploaded a video on YouTube of him savagely beating her with a belt when she was sixteen years old. According to Hillary, the abuse was not a one-time thing. Her mother, Hallie Adams who has since divorced William, claimed that her ex-husband had bouts of violence caused by his "addiction," which they kept as a "family secret" for a long time. Because the statute of limitations has lapsed, William cannot be charged with child abuse, although it is yet to be seen whether his care...

• Word Count: 531
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... represented, "the criminal defendant's fundamental protection of life and liberty against race and color prejudice". In 1994, the federal death penalty was expanded to approximately 60 different offenses. Among the federal crimes for which people in any state or territory of the U.S. can receive a death sentence are ... minimum age of 14 years old for a death sentence, in practice the minimum age is 16 because minors must be 16 years old to be transferred to adult court (Capital Punishment, 2002). When an offender is charged with a capital offense, the initial burden of cost is placed squ...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... This analysis implies that the Chinese government will happily track open criticism, and that it will closely observe dissidents' connections to each other but crack down on anyone who tries to build a power base that it can't control. That makes some sense - although it's worth noting that the study ... greatest argument you will here about censorship is the affects it has on children and the public. People think that, because we are exposed to violent TV shows and video games, that we ourselves will become violent. Charles Kenney, produces many studies that actually show that violent ...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... stress disorder and other mental illnesses. Sowell, who is an ex-Marine, abused the bodies after the women had died, and then stashed their bodies around his house, prompting neighbors to complain of a foul stench, which they believed was coming from a neighborhood sausage shop. On July 22nd, he was convicted of 11 counts of aggravated murder and more than 70 other ... abusing corpses and kidnapping. The defense attorneys are pressing for a life sentence without parole because of Sowell's mental instability. However, experts believe that it will be difficult for the jury to sympathize w...

• Word Count: 803
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... meet cannot be trusted. Cesare Lombroso was the first writer to link crime to human biology. In his book L"Umo Delinquente (1876) he argues that criminals were throwbacks to an earlier and more primitive form of human being and claimed to have identified a number of genetically determined characteristics which were ... put it. With the predominant thought of looking at unemployment, poverty, the use of drugs and any other factors that might help to contribute to the likelihood of causing violent crimes. Primarily his work was directed towards the psychological and sociological point of vi...

• Word Count: 2347
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... dry as it first seemed. The housekeeper who Strauss-Kahn allegedly attacked in his Manhattan hotel suite in May has repeatedly lied, according to law enforcement officials. Forensic evidence concludes that a sexual encounter between Strauss-Kahn and the housekeeper undoubtedly occurred, but little else of what ... it is likely that the serious criminal charges he faces will be dropped. The district attorney's office is insisting that Strauss-Kahn plead guilty to a misdemeanor, but his lawyers will not allow it (Dwyer). Strauss-Kahn was the leading candidate for the French presidency befo...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... possession and trafficking. Many people believed the law was racially discriminatory because crack users are typically poor and living in a black neighborhood. On June 30th, the commission decided to apply the lesser sentences to those who are already in prison (Serrano). Patti Saris, the head of the commission, said the Fair Sentencing Act is a result of Congress "recognizing the fundamental unfairness ... of federal cocaine-sentencing policy." The commission then aimed to bridge the disparity (Serrano). "Justice demands this result," said Ketanji Brown Jackson, the commission's vice ch...

• Word Count: 790
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... Digital Times). "The overall food safety situation is stable and improving, but incidents that still occur regularly have seriously endangered people's lives and caused strong social reactions. Our task to maintain food safety remains challenging," said Wang Shengjun, the country's top judge (Jiang). Before this surge in cases, government had cracked down on food safety violations, backed by ... a state media campaign. However, recently cases were revealed using milk laced with melamine, pigs fed with performance enhancing drugs to watermelons juiced up with growth-stimulating chemicals....

• Word Count: 519
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... choice theory sprang from the classical criminology that emphasizes on free will and individual choice as the root of crime. In other words, criminals make a conscious, rational choice to commit a crime, especially when the benefit outweighs the costs of disobeying the law. For better comprehension, the rational choice theory is divided into two varieties. First, the routine ... theories. The personality theory describes a complex set of motives that result from abnormal, dysfunctional, or inappropriate mental processes within the personality. Moreover, the behavior theory (stimulus-resp...

• Word Count: 1035
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of issues including both victim and offender information, including characteristics of these populations. The information provided in this database is extremely useful in that the quantifiable information can be used to assist policy-makers with decisions that effect both offenders and those in criminal justice fields. Without this information, many needed programs would not be initiated and ineffectual programs would continue ... contains only quantitative data, painting only a small part of the profile of an offender, these statistics give mostly demographic information, as a guide, an...

• Word Count: 533
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"How long should juveniles remain in institutions?" If, after a disposition hearing, the juvenile court judge finds that the community is inadequate to deal with the special needs of a delinquent youth, he or she may then be referred to the state department of youth services for confinement in a state run treatment ... in these institutions, juveniles have certain rights that must not be violated. Just as the rights adult inmates have in prisons, youth's are entitled to these same rights. In "Convention on the Rights of the Child," in Article 37, part (b), it states that, "no child shall be ...

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... released from prison, their conviction is permanently on their record making it hard for them to find housing, they have been out of the work field for a long period of time which hinders their ability to get a job, and they have often times forgot how to be a normal and free citizen. This often leads to the convicts falling right back into whatever got them sent ... to prison in the first place. However house arrest allows convicts to keep job, actually forces them to have jobs so they can provide for themselves and their ... families. They do not have a gap in job history due to pris...

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How to Improve Crime Rate Crime does not occur in only one kind of community or only one region of our nation. There is no one solution to the problem, but we must do something to reduce the crime rate in our community. The only way we can make our streets safer is by working together -- teachers, families, law enforcement, businesses, youth and faith-based ... rates in the United States were 21 percent lower in 2000 than they were just four years earlier. Although crime rates continue to decline, I believe we must do even more to reduce crime. Our juvenile justice system is ill-equipped to d...

• Word Count: 413
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... deterring crime relies on precisely this point, say proponents. If the punishment for murder were certain death, there would be fewer people willing to take their chances, because the ramifications would be clear and decisive. During the mid-1970s Isaac Ehrlich found a strong correlation between the ... weigh his or her options. Murder is such an emotional, irrational, cold-blooded act that these rational conclusions we expect murderers to be able to come to regarding their own lives are completely out of reach. One study that proves opponent's arguments that capital punishment does not ...

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... overflowing; violent crime has risen alarmingly and citizens feel increasingly vulnerable in their homes, schools, and at their job sites. Crime will continue to be a major concern as the United States population growth persists, the economy remains stagnant, and a swelling, alienated underclass rejects societal standards ... study. The main conclusion was that punitive measures just do not address the more basic problems that youth offenders face, such as how to resolve peer conflicts. The committee examined this by incorporating mediation at several points through out the juvenile just...

• Word Count: 753
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... pattern of problems. In the leading case, Nicholson v. Connecticut Half-Way House., 147 Conn.507, 208 A.2d 383 (1966), a community's assumptions or fears alone do not present just cause as to why a facility must be prevented from operating in the community "those protesting must present an already exiting problem or evidence that the facility will certainly create a problem ... of a set pattern of problems justifying fears that the Pine Street center will result in a negative outcome. Because Connecticut Half-way House was allowed to continue its plans for the parolees therefore Beacon ...

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... it is significant that the members of the system fully apply these rules and regulations as they are in authority when it comes to providing justice to everyone therefore they must be fair in their undertakings. Leadership and Justice System Leadership involves the commitment, dedication, and risk taking attitude ... equal treatment in his trials. Furthermore, Trait theory explains that leaders lead by example. The obedience and trust of their subordinates depends on how well they perform in every situation; for the consistency of their decision, values and philosophies. On the other hand...

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... to explain how probation has developed over time from a social work attitude, to the modern day National Probation Service with a law enforcement remit, and its aims and objectives as such. The possible reasons and effects of punitive mindedness need be discussed and the effects of a custodial sentence, in comparison to ... . The 1970's saw the birth of the Community Service Order (now called the Community Punishment Order - a tougher sounding name), which requires offenders to make retribution for their crime by undertaking prescribed work, without pay, for the benefit of the community...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... groups that define criminal behavior unacceptable, the person will probably engage in criminal behavior. Put another way, "just as people must learn through socialization how to conform to their society's norms, they must also learn how to depart from those norms- (Leighninger, 1996) in other words, deviance, like conforming behavior, is a product of socialization. Families are important ... to consider when trying to explain juvenile delinquency. The family unit is crucial to a child's development and healthy upbringing. In addition, much of what a child learns is through their family ...

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... , and murder. Picture a safe and secure environment, where everyone is accepted for whom they are inside and out. This description is similar to the fantasy island described by Sir Thomas Moore in his famous book Utopia. Moore created the book title from two Greek words meaning "not a place." The truth is that the real world is plagued with unjust hatred and violence that ... should be covered under this law. The statistical history on hate crimes is scanty and unknown. It was not until the early nineteen nineties that the federal government began to collect data on how many and what kin...

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...                    These reports sketch the characteristics of the juvenile offenders and their crimes who have been sentenced to death, who have been executed, and who are currently under death sentences. Nonetheless, these reports almost invariably under-report the number of death-sentenced juvenile offenders due to difficulty in obtaining accurate data. One other source of confusion and occasional inaccuracy is the difference between ... being legally under a sentence of death and being physically housed on a state's death row. This report chronicles the exact date of imposi...

• Word Count: 493
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate