... may learn to view love from their mother as dependent on their being ill. Thus, they may help in the deception, or even use self-abuse, in order to protect themselves against fear of abandonment. Having learned to identify with illness and to use it as a means of expression and ... (MSBP). Forty-one patients were monitored from 1993 to 1997 (Hall, 2000). Published reports on Munchausen syndrome by proxy child abuse (factitious illness abuse) emphasise that the perpetrator is nearly always the child's mother. (Meadow, 1997). It is very rare for the father to be actively involved ... of so...

• Word Count: 2722
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of deviant behavior (Smith & Stern, 1997). Educators, clinicians and other professionals who provide services for children should carefully evaluate reports from children regarding such things as parental fighting, abuse and/or neglect so that they may obviously address those immediate concerns but also assess the possible need for preventive intervention. Structure is very important in the life of a ... the early 1960s. News reporters and the general public were effectively banned from witnessing the inner workings of juvenile justice. And to protect an adult with a childhood history o...

• Word Count: 8199
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of deferring future crime. Corporal punishments should be allowed in the crimes such as drugs offences, rape and attempted rape, kidnapping, firearms offences, attempted murder, causing grievous injury, child abuse, robbery and theft. It should also be permitted for crimes against property. Corporal punishment is very effective; when it's done in a timely manner for it is feared by ... that punishment, by its very definition, involves unpleasant stimulation; the key difference is that corporal punishment involves physical rather than purely psychological pain. Opponents also argue the a...

• Word Count: 1521
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... identified that are believed to help explain the developmental origin of juvenile sex offending. Factors that have received the most attention to date include: maltreatment experiences, exposure to pornography, substance abuse, and exposure to aggressive role models. However, just because most kids who are offenders have been subjected to these factors, it must also be noted that not all children who ... 60% had been physically abused, almost half had been sexually assaulted and 70% had been subject to neglect, while over half the sample had experienced a combination of these forms of a...

• Word Count: 2021
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... thoughts before committing the murder (Wallace, 2013). Hall was mainly focused on disposing of the negative stimuli. Moreover, Krista was a victim of his abuse, both physically and mentally. Jeff had an affair outside of marriage and often hurled demeaning texts at Krista over the phone and threatened to divorce ... as high in magnitude, (3) are associated with low social control, and (4) create some pressure or incentive to engage in criminal coping. The parental abuse suffered by Hall was perceived as unjust, as his father abused him often, under the influence of alcohol and drugs, for ...

• Word Count: 2185
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... need to distinguish between accidental misuse of a computer system, negligent misuse of a computer system and intended, unauthorized access to or misuse of a computer system, amounting to computer abuse. Annoying behavior must be distinguished from criminal behavior in law. History has shown that a broad range of persons commits computer crime: students, amateurs, terrorists and members of ... sustained had been a criminal offence. A further 8 per cent were uncertain whether they had sustained a security incident. Similar surveys conducted around the world report significant and widespre...

• Word Count: 3718
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and mental illness (Stone 1972). The family conditions that lead to delinquency mentioned above all involve broken homes with no violence put forth on the child. Punitive parenting or physical abuse in the home most often results in violent behaviors and a large portion of the youth runaway. The consensus of scholars is that violence breeds violence. While there is no ... that is characteristic of abused children, the presence of socioemotional problems in many maltreated children is well documented. The consequences of the abuse will vary with the developmental level of the child, the ...

• Word Count: 2364
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... born in 1958 had at least one contact with the police before reaching their eighteenth birthday (Constantino, 1995). Indeed, some forms of serious delinquent behavior such as drug and alcohol abuse, are far more frequent than the stereotypical delinquent behavior of gang fighting and vandalism and appear to cut across "class and gender lines." Studies that take from youth themselves the ... has traditionally been subject to surveillance for evidence of sexual misconduct. A sample survey of girls in the juvenile justice system in Wisconsin revealed that 79% had been subjected to physical...

• Word Count: 1850
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... symptoms of depression, and 51 percent appeared to have been abused by their parents. "Troubled family backgrounds account for the foremost reasons to commit youth crimes. Those backgrounds often involve abuse. When they are systematically abused, they lash out and do all sorts of strange things to call attention to their plight," said criminology professor Robert Gordon from Simon Fraser University ... Columbia. I am sure that the environment in which the offenders grow up, is one of the most important factors to consider at court. In 1998 three million cases of child abuse/neglect wer...

• Word Count: 930
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... than some others. It will debate the biological, psychological and sociological issues; discussing chromosome and genetic make up, the family, school performance, intelligence factors, poverty, unemployment alcohol and finally substance abuse. It will also debate various features that make some neighbourhoods, cities, and towns more crime-prone than other areas. Some criminologists suggest there are no real causes of crime; at ... for "causes" with an examination for "blame". To suggest that child neglect increases the risk of delinquency, or that alcohol abuse increases the risk of dom...

• Word Count: 3709
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , 1998). Although at times there might not be a straight link between parental influence and delinquency, there is a link between parents, substance use, and future delinquent acts by adolescents. Since substance abuse is a cause that leads to a path of delinquency, society has to take this problem more serious for it offers potential risks. Alcohol is a form of substance ... abuse that can lead to a juvenile into violent/delinquent activities. Their might be a correlation between alcohol consumption in juveniles and future delinquency. In adolescence, alcohol use is illegal, and alcohol...

• Word Count: 1969
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... become mainly about custody and punishment rather than the more practical rehabilitation. These facilities often lack qualified staff members who can help these juveniles. Services such as academic services, substance abuse treatment, and mental health are generally not provided at all or are provided by those who do not have the education or experience to successfully apply them. It is important ... incarceration. Correctional officers in these facilities are also often not adequately trained and lack the patience required to interact with juvenile offenders. This lack of communication...

• Word Count: 907
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... these mental illnesses. Mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, add and bipolar can lead to a wide area of criminal activity from drug abuse to murder. For example, many offenders with mental disorders also turn to drug abuse or suicide to cope with their problems. Facts state that mental health disorders are the main reason for juvenile crime and will continue unless ... ...

• Word Count: 2154
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... these mental illnesses. Mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, add and bipolar can lead to a wide area of criminal activity from drug abuse to murder. For example, many offenders with mental disorders also turn to drug abuse or suicide to cope with their problems. Facts state that mental health disorders are the main reason for juvenile crime and will continue unless ... ...

• Word Count: 2153
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... behavior. Children who care for themselves after school (referred to as latchkey children) are at greater risk of truancy from school, stress, receiving poor grades, risk-taking behavior and substance abuse" (p. 1836). In contrast, children with adult supervision are less likely to skip school, behave violently, experiment with and use illicit drugs, steal, and commit other types of crimes (Aizer, 2004 ... community-based partnerships, such as Big Brother Big Sisters, which target at risk youth as well as the general population, the programs reduce the likely hood of violent behavior, s...

• Word Count: 1000
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... eight tenths increase in the major crime rate (34). As poverty increases in one specific area it can be generally assumed that the factors that accompany it, such as drug abuse, disease, crime, joblessness, violence, and much more, will also become concentrated in that area (32). All aspects of this area become negative, while the financially sound areas flourish and take ... one Kansas City prosecutor, Clair McCaskill, for promoting community prevention methods more so than most prosecutors have. She is credited for setting up community courts, drug-case diversion programs, substance a...

• Word Count: 1667
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of specific environment Kaczynski lived in, or what kind of diet he had. Psychological Theory - Kaczynski believed that his parents and family verbally abused him. Somewhere down the line this abuse, whether actual or just a part of Kaczynski's mental state, would have an effect on his behavior. After the long stay in the hospital for the allergic reaction, Kaczynski's mother noted ... to be attending. Several articles state that he had a hard time adjusting to being around the older children and that he was ridiculed and "was the subject of considerable verbal abuse and teasing from th...

• Word Count: 1051
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that "innovative and effective treatment approaches" need to be developed and considered (Jenson, Potter and Howard 63). There are youth with mental health problems, violent juveniles, and juveniles with substance abuse problems in which these programs could really benefit. It is also necessary that there are different programs developed due to the fact that not the same intervention or rehabilitation can ... choice of placement for that offender (20). Jenson, Potter and Howard also believe there is a need for "new and integrated intervention approaches" to benefit the youths who have r...

• Word Count: 2903
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , and other resources to assist probationers with their rehabilitation, community service, and corrective action plans. 5. Meets with probationers to monitor their progress and to counsel them regarding drug and alcohol abuse or financial and other personal matters; supervises defendants released from jail on lowered bonds due to overcrowding. 6. Completes necessary probation revocation paperwork for individuals who violate the terms of their ... probation; testifies in court as required. 7. Identifies defendants with drug abuse problems; recommends and performs random drug screening tes...

• Word Count: 1772
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... between sex and violence are often played out to emphasise risk. There are important and significantly gendered exceptions to this toxic mix of newsworthiness for example, domestic violence and child abuse in the home. Risk in combination with sex ad some types of violent crime is an even more potent mix. Interpersonal crimes, for example sex and violence, can easily be ... ...

• Word Count: 2855
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... secret that environment and progress have significant affects upon the behavior of young people, and indeed, "Some of the causes and conditions of delinquency are obvious: poverty, drugs, gangs, abuse and neglect, and truancy. It is also clear that there are higher rates of detention and probation within minority racial and ethnic groups. However, this understanding only scratches the surface ... ...

• Word Count: 1043
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . These criminaloids were more likely to commit less serious crimes then the born criminals. They were further categorized as "habitual offenders," who became so, "by contact with other criminals, the abuse of alcohol or other distressing circumstances."" Lombroso was also a supporter for humane treatment of criminals. He argued for the removal of born criminals from society for their own and society ... ...

• Word Count: 991
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... all sections of society, particularly the work force, decreasing law enforcement help and stress, and minimal punishment for offenders. Embezzlements include both misuse and misappropriation. Misuse is defined as the abuse of privilege or position without the specific intent to steal; misappropriation is defined as the taking of funds or property with the specific intent to steal (Geis, 1982). Estimates are ... ...

• Word Count: 1889
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... -risk offenders could be identified by their involvement of crime at an early age, as well as a multi-problem profile including significant family problems, problems at school, drug and alcohol abuse, and behaviors such as gang involvement, running away, and stealing. The researchers developed a program for these at-risk youth that involved their entire family, which would promote the importance of ... ...

• Word Count: 2216
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... records "multiple victimization". She pointed out that the BCS only allows up to six separate crimes to be recorded on each survey. This meant that multiple crimes such as domestic abuse and persistent harassment could only be counted as six crimes, and the rest were put together as one crime. These disparities were first highlighted by Spark (1977) in the recording ... ...

• Word Count: 1355
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate