... colleges had been made between the two states, so that many young students from the SRV were sent to East Germany. In most cases, the state and the citizens of the GDR financed the stay and study of the foreigners through so-called solidarity funds with the goal of putting down a marker against the imperialistic Western States. Unlike the 'brain drain' common in ... work in the SED Rostock. The purpose of the book lto focus on themes that are rarely discussed - like the life of foreigners in the GDR-, and to deliver a more diverse view on the history of those years. The main limitation ...

• Word Count: 1950
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... not ready to confront the Soviets in March 1947. This might also explain why there was no immediate response from the Soviets and hence no change in US-Soviet relations. In contrast, the conditions of economic coordination attached to the Marshall Plan of June 1947 were clearly designed to elicit ... Soviet response. Hence, the Truman Doctrine lacks significance as the cause of Cold War as it highlighted a point in history whereby Truman was still not willing to break ties with the Soviet Union and ... an important factor in causing the start of the Cold War due to differing economic ai...

• Word Count: 2144
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Graduate

... Napoleon, that is of the power of the latter and the powerlessness of the former. In the same vein, in his essay "Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses," (Notes Towards an Investigation, 1972) the French philosopher Louis Althusser uses a Marxist perspective to study the relationship, in the modern context, between the governed and the governor. The latter, for him, makes use ... of ideology as a mediator between individuals and the system of power. He maintains control of ... his subjects by ramifying its ideology throughout a variety of political and social institutions, includin...

• Word Count: 1473
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

... History Joseph Stalin led the Socialist Soviet Union in the "Revolution from Above," a movement to centralize the government and transform society without popular participation . Because Stalin's radical goals were vicious for the populace to attain, his legitimacy was based on the credibility of his ideological authority . In protection of that conviction, Stalin was in constant fear of competitive initiative and ... the police," who were in turn directly responsible to Stalin. Launched in 1928, Stalin's first Five-year Plan sought to expedite the growth of Socialism through collectiviz...

• Word Count: 1533
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... Zimmerman argued that gender was less a component of identity -fixed, static- that we take with us into our interactions, but rather the product of those interactions. In our societies, there is the dimension of masculinity versus femininity. Historically, differences between men and women have usually been ascribed to biology; that is, men's bodies appear with penis, no breasts, no hip, ... understanding of gender is based on set of culturally determined binary distinctions, such as public versus private, objective versus subjective, self versus other, reason versus emotion, autonomy ve...

• Word Count: 1344
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... he forbids everyone to enjoy. He is not only the slave against the master, but also man against the world of master and slave. Therefore, thanks to rebellion, there is something more in history than the relation between mastery and servitude." Such profound words of wisdom manifest themselves not only in intellectual thought, but also by means of historical logic ... -egalitarian motive for bettering oneself by means of such Rebellion and Revolution. However, the persistent mental dissection of countless aspects and sub-variants of both Revolutions, achieves the unique literary element of...

• Word Count: 945
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Graduate

... it the strongly oppressed population, demanding freedom of speech and freedom of markets? As many questions as we raise, the fact that Gorbachev turned out to be at the right position, in the right time, changing the course of history by crossing out the Communist Regime, still remains undeniable ... . Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev is a product of a system that does not encourage radical innovations or reforms, nor open-to-democracy-minded people. And still, what are the qualities that Gorbachev had, as ... have been made – either in the core of the USSR under Khrushchev or in the Sovi...

• Word Count: 1300
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... forth the fundamental proposition, which forms the nucleus of the Communist Manifesto: that consequently the whole history of mankind (since the dissolution of primitive tribal society, holding land in common ownership) has been a history of class struggles, contests between exploiting and exploited, ruling and oppressed classes; that the history of these class struggles forms a series of evolutions in which, nowadays, a stage has been reached ... what conditions. Cuba's case is taken as an example of communism and environmentalism meeting for communism requires either total isolation f...

• Word Count: 3463
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... further elaborated as Lenin took upon the leadership role uncontested. Leadership conflict, played to a small extent, a role in shaping the history of the Soviet Union, as Lenin had popular support, and despite not having great success in the election of the constituent assembly, with Bolsheviks only gaining 24% of the votes, through the Cheka, Lenin made sure that leadership conflict was ... the terms were void by the treaty of Versailles, it had a minor impact on shaping the USSR. As a result, in the first 6 months leadership conflict and differing visions shaped Russian history only...

• Word Count: 1204
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... History Joseph Stalin led the Socialist Soviet Union in the "Revolution from Above," a movement to centralize the government and transform society without popular participation . Because Stalin's radical goals were vicious for the populace to attain, his legitimacy was based on the credibility of his ideological authority . In protection of that conviction, Stalin was in constant fear of competitive initiative and ... the police," who were in turn directly responsible to Stalin. Launched in 1928, Stalin's first Five-year Plan sought to expedite the growth of Socialism through collectiviz...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... fact remains that much of this change is also objectively real; in 1900 the political and military realities were truly such that we had relatively little to fear in the immediate sense, whereas today we have a situation before us which, I am frank to admit, seems to me dangerous and problematical in the extreme." I believe Kennan accurately points out the shortcomings in American attitudes ... nations which, in the case of Stalin, create heads of nations to become suspicious of us. He continues to accurately point out that our lack of sensitivity puts us in a difficult situation in dip...

• Word Count: 1225
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... rise of the Bolshevik party at the helm of the Russian government. The Provisional Government's transitory presence is littered with examples of exceedingly apparent ineptitude in making way for change and an adherence to prior Imperial policies despite the abdication of Nicolas II in March of 1917. Seven months after the Provisional Government's formation, the Bolsheviks took command of Petrograd ... who disparaged at the thought of returning to the front after promises from the Provisional Government after their ascension to power that the war would be brought to an end and the troops...

• Word Count: 1026
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate