... came from contractual delivery obligations towards the other partners from the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). The model of contract work between the GDR and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV) started first with an agreement in 19803. Especially in the Seventies, the GDR focused on cooperation with ... two states, so that many young students from the SRV were sent to East Germany. In most cases, the state and the citizens of the GDR financed the stay and study of the foreigners through so-called solidarity funds with the goal of putting down a marker against the impe...

• Word Count: 1950
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... and Ideological State Apparatuses," (Notes Towards an Investigation, 1972) the French philosopher Louis Althusser uses a Marxist perspective to study the relationship, in the modern context, between the governed and the governor. The latter, for him, makes use of ideology as a mediator between individuals and ... " to refer to the process whereby individuals fall prey to the influence of ideological state apparatuses, and deceive themselves into believing that they are acting out of their own volition. Althusser's theory can be ... farm. The poem "Comrade Napoleon" along with the "Seven C...

• Word Count: 1473
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

... to communism as it offered a solution to their problems, the Truman Doctrine was introduced to offer help. It is important in causing the Cold War as it set the framework and foundation for the subsequent American policies as part of the containment policy to contain Soviet expansionism. However, other factors stemming from American intentions prior to the Truman Doctrine, Truman's hesitance ... in directly confronting the Soviets and the Marshall Plan's success are also important in causing the Cold War. Overall, this essay seeks to argue that the Truman Doctrine is not important in cau...

• Word Count: 2144
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Graduate

... were not the only exceptions in his etiology that Stalin made from WWII to his death. The effects of Stalin's inconstancies were inevitably destructive to his legitimacy and authority. What compelled a fanatically unyielding and calculating dictator to alter his policy -- self-preservation, miscalculation, composite guilt, or deteriorating mentality? "Stalin owed everything to Lenin." Stalin's oppressive rule was ... of the police," who were in turn directly responsible to Stalin. Launched in 1928, Stalin's first Five-year Plan sought to expedite the growth of Socialism through collectivi...

• Word Count: 1533
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... western understanding of gender is based on set of culturally determined binary distinctions, such as public versus private, objective versus subjective, self versus other, reason versus emotion, autonomy versus relatedness, and culture versus nature; the first of each pair of characteristics is typically associated with masculinity, the second with femininity. Hence, these two senses become different views which vary across cultures ... right which can be defined to the form of patriarchy, among those who were excluded by the grand narrative of global liberal democracy are women. Liber...

• Word Count: 1344
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... transition was accomplished in a fairly peaceful atmosphere, in the absence of external invasion or violent internal upheaval?6 According to a study performed by David Kotz and Fred Weir, the party-state elite, or in other words the people who hold the governmental power have contributed the most for the collapse of the regime. A group called " ... Glasnost and Perestroika, Gorbachev released new paths open to discussion regarding Capitalism as the best alternative for the current unstable political situation. As the democratization of the Soviet system was taking place, the "openness" f...

• Word Count: 1300
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Critiquing American Diplomacy George Kennan's American Diplomacy provides anyone studying American politics with an accurate glimpse of American ideology, misperception and thought in the first half of the twentieth century. Even though this book is a collection of lectures where there is obvious subjectivity, Kennan successfully displays an objective view on the topics he discusses in the lecture. Kennan's lecture gives the ... a strong one we may be sure that its rays will penetrate to the Russian room and eventually play their part is dissipating the gloom which prevails there." Kennan's p...

• Word Count: 1225
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... struggle of Revolution and of his inevitable transformation into the rebel. Noticeably absent among the descriptions of this particular work is "interpretation"; most outstanding and impressive of this particular work and its author, is the total lack of opinionative and thus distorting activities of a meddlesome nature. By and large, The Rebel is a fantastic book that would be recommendable to any and all interested in ... true stories, of man's evolution and devolution, into that void that we know as the ... future. Like none other, it attains a mastery of flow for the most part, and ...

• Word Count: 945
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Graduate

... been felt to be important to Cuba. These extra chapters are: Sustainable Energy Production, Protection of Tourist Resources, Protection of Mineral Resources, Protection of Workplace Environment, and Natural and Cultural Heritage. The characteristic of Cuba, which is important in any environmental assessment, must first be considered: The Republic of Cuba is an archipelago in the Caribbean ... from the Socialist Block in Eastern Europe. Many of the problems that arose from this industrialization effort were especially visible in the agricultural sector. More specifically, these problems ...

• Word Count: 3463
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... history of the Soviet Union. During the first six months, following the Bolshevik Revolution, they led with one vision and one leader, Lenin, despite some minor debates, and followed through the vital civil war period, where survival was she only goal. However, the NEP, led to debate ... began implementing communist (Leninist) ideologies whilst gaining popular support amongst the population, by succeeding their campaign slogan, peace bread and land for example. As a result, differing visions played a minor role, and is further elaborated as Lenin took upon the leadership role uncontested...

• Word Count: 1204
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... were not the only exceptions in his etiology that Stalin made from WWII to his death. The effects of Stalin's inconstancies were inevitably destructive to his legitimacy and authority. What compelled a fanatically unyielding and calculating dictator to alter his policy -- self-preservation, miscalculation, composite guilt, or deteriorating mentality? "Stalin owed everything to Lenin." Stalin's oppressive rule was ... of the police," who were in turn directly responsible to Stalin. Launched in 1928, Stalin's first Five-year Plan sought to expedite the growth of Socialism through collectivi...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... rise of the Bolshevik party at the helm of the Russian government. The Provisional Government's transitory presence is littered with examples of exceedingly apparent ineptitude in making way for change and an adherence to prior Imperial policies despite the abdication of Nicolas II in March of 1917. Seven months after the Provisional Government's formation, the Bolsheviks took command of Petrograd ... who disparaged at the thought of returning to the front after promises from the Provisional Government after their ascension to power that the war would be brought to an end and the troops...

• Word Count: 1026
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate