... and violence in general.2 To initiate reform and lower the rate of violence in the trans community, detailed reports are used to give accurate data and representation of the problem at hand. Reports such as "A Blueprint for Equality" by the National Center for Transgender Equality (NCTE) and "An Ally's Guide to Talking About Transgender-Inclusive Non-Discrimination Laws" by the Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) and ... which its main focus was to "show that racial bias presents a significant, additional risk of discrimination for transgender and gender non-confor...

• Word Count: 1203
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... Willmott also suggest that symmetrical families are opposite but sill similar stating that the husband and wife might still complete different task but there is still a fair division of roles and contribution around the house. Another aspect of the Symmetrical family is that the role of the 'breadwinner' is more shared that laid upon the male, as there are more families with both spouses in paid-employment ... with lead them to become more financially independent which has also caused females to gain more freedom, equality and status inside and outside the home. Ann Oakley (1974) i...

• Word Count: 676
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Graduate

... IX: Student Participation in Athletics, Part Three: Effectively Accommodating Interests and Abilities; In the assessment of the "interests and abilities" portion of the Title IX regulations, a three part test governs. This law states that: "This part of the test is satisfied when an institution is meeting the interests and abilities of its female students even where there are disproportionately fewer females than males participating in sports."1 It might seem ... mater; however it is very rare that a professional female athlete makes a donation upwards of a million dollars to her former...

• Word Count: 680
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... be on the receiving end of a series of unfortunate events. Manley's text then, highlights not only the paradox surrounding the importance given to sexual chastity, but also underlines the foolishness of leaving women at the mercy of the often questionable chivalric urges of men. Violenta's inopportune fall from grace then raises the question of what exactly substantiates the societal constructs that women of the 18th century had to suffer - the truth? Or a convincing performance of what the truth is ... , yet caustic remark that "Notwithstanding the pity of the people, the intercession o...

• Word Count: 1986
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

... characteristics and natural physiological responses to explain the differences, while nurture orientated theories argue the influence of society and constraints of social roles. Ethologists such as Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1989) argue that the contrasting physiological responses between the sexes, to aggressive stimuli help to show that it is an innate characteristic of men to be more aggressive than women. In his study, he found that while both sexes respond ... testosterone levels would commit rule violations and physical confrontations. Amongst women inmates, higher testosterone levels corre...

• Word Count: 1102
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Graduate

... that standpoint to spread open the eyes of her audience on how sullied and gender-biased the political arena is to the public. The author discreetly analyzed and interpreted the literature behind her use of terms, appropriately describing the historical usage and semantic application of the word "transgender." As discussed, the author was also mindful of setting boundaries in determining transgender identities in selecting the right participants for the study. Though this process was unsuccessful ... , Bender-Baird was triumphant in opening up the purpose of the study with clear and .....

• Word Count: 1525
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

... from other males to ensure any offspring are his. In modern times this behaviour of guarding is seen as one of the lesser desirable trait of jealousy. Buss et al, 1992 Evolutionary psychologists believe the reason it was found that males are more likely to sleep with a stranger then females ( a finding from a study conducted by Clarke and Hatfield (1989) can also be explained by ... the evolutionary reproductive strategy in males, but there have been many other reasons put forward, ... modern times cannot be satisfactory explained by either social constructionist or psychoanalytic view...

• Word Count: 2036
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... 's Own Woolf argues, the reasoning behind the struggle of aspiring women writers prior to the twentieth century was greatly due to the lack of build up of women in the literary arts thus the lack of women's tradition. With the advent of feminism, the organized and self-conscious movement of the 1830's emphasized that women assume a stand against authority and attack the preconceived notion that they were the less of the two sexes. The literary pioneers of this women's movement included ... who's father was a very prominent lawyer, had the luxury of studying his craft at university, with ...

• Word Count: 1471
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

Victimology refers to the scientific study of the "extent, nature and causes of criminal victimisation, it's consequences for the persons involved and the reactions thereto by society". (World Society of Victimology, cited in Goodey 2005, pp.10) Various perspectives of victimology have been put forward since the mid-twentieth century when it first emerged. The main perspectives include; feminist victimology, positivist victimology, radical victimology, and critical victimology. Each of these perspectives ... offer different theories of ... ...

• Word Count: 1596
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... , and also a few related terms that will aid to expand my vocabulary. My personal definition of a few of the terms were as follows, homosexuals people who choose to develop sexual relationships with the same sex, heterosexual people who choose develop sexual relationships with the opposite sex and bisexual person who choose to be in intimate relationships with both. From this unit ... as it relates their sexual orientation because it is something developed from the inside. Sexual orientation may be defined as the directionality of one's sexual interest towards members of the same sex, th...

• Word Count: 614
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... formula eagerly taken up by the women of the day was thought to be the answer to any and every problem of married life in the sixties. In contrast to this today's contemporary magazines such as Cosmopolitan and Cleo focus on freedom of rights of the working women, and less on marriage as the only really successful career option for women. The contemporary males of today, on reading this text, ... would see it as suggesting a belittling of them and a put down, that they are unable to look after themselves and live a ... blue print for a successful marriage. In conclusion, the contempor...

• Word Count: 676
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Graduate

... Britain employed in its coverage of Pauline Pearce. This gendering of the riots emphasised feminine domesticity – the protecting of homes and places of work – in the face of young male violence (Mainardi, 1970). The role of black women in the context of young black male rioting is something which is often neglected. In the case of Michael Brown, his mother was at the centre of a large amount of media coverage in the Ferguson riots, portrayed in ... would say the unsayable, that the rioters were, I suspect on the whole, black' (Birbalsingh, 2011: online.). In Ferguson, the racial mak...

• Word Count: 1528
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... to acknowledge women's authority and influence openly, they are affected by it. The contemporary reader can't help but be aware of them and in many cases, to view many of the characters present in several plays by Shakespeare as some of the main motivators of action as well as some of the most complex characters overall. Some of the most interesting female characters in Shakespeare's writing are Hermia in A Midsummer Night ... were women of the upper class. Viola's pursuit of a profession becomes even more compelling, though, when the reader learns that she, like Olivia, compels a man t...

• Word Count: 2208
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... unrestrained actions as a representation on how rape is a natural expression of masculinity, and that this cultural assumption is passed down through generations because of the dominant male discourse allowing for this assertion of power to occur. In the film the characterization of the main heroine, Asta Cadell, is used to represent the detrimental effects of a male hegemony, and the subsequent naturalization of the rape culture. Asta's physical appearance is constructed in a stereotypically masculine ... than an act of sexual desire. The characterization of Asta within the film, throu...

• Word Count: 1114
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... environment in a way that leaves room for interpretation when concerning the gender of the parties involved in sexual misconduct incidents. On the contrary, the University of Southern California and the University of Maryland imply gender inequality in the organization and diction of their respective policies. The University of Southern California, for example, specifically and carefully uses the words "person," "victim" and "survivor" to distinguish the roles involved in sexual harassment and misconduct, but keep ... or his privacy after a traumatic experience" ("University"). The plac...

• Word Count: 1759
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

... example, for women reproductive control is fundamental to liberty, but the pressure to restrict the availability of abortion is also mounting in the independent states of the former Soviet Union. This restriction on women's reproductive freedom may be understood in the broader context of patriarchal control of women by the "maternalization of the female body". And this might result in the primary association of women's identities and purposes with motherhood. In liberal discourse, a corresponding ... dualism between women and men justifies the attribution of different social status on t...

• Word Count: 1344
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

... role as Queen from her inferior female body. John Knox's The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women likened the political state to the human body. Knox contended that "the head hath [God] joined with the body, that from it, doth life and motion flow to the rest of the members" the extended metaphor continued, encoding the head as male, and the kingdom as female, thus when a King became ruler he ... achieved by someone who appeared to be male, yet ironically, the persuasiveness would require "the heart and stomach of a king" . The physical representation of Cl...

• Word Count: 1452
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Graduate

... are neither exclusive nor universal which indicates that differentiation it is not essential to the performance of the vital functions of the family. This means that the social roles of wife and mother as conceived by liberal feminism are a gendered and manufactured choice. The differential relationships that identify the roles of wife and mother are part of the nuclear family model promoted by patriarchal ideologies for more than one hundred and fifty ... & Kurczewzki 1994). Following the vote of the General Synod in 1992, the ordination of women in the Church of England has challenged...

• Word Count: 2689
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate