... center of the universe. Throughout history the human race has based their life on this object that gives life, but cultures have changed over time and the sun's symbol has shifted from a nutrient to a question of someone's appearance. In the elder days, skin color diversified classes among rich and poor. Tan skin was a sign of hard work and labor while paler skin ... damage we are doing to our skin just to look hot for our younger years is going to backfire along with the expenses and free time you wasted on this destructive trend. Money and time come hand in hand and is another issue t...

• Word Count: 1275
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... of visible spectrum) Infrared Far Infrared Microwave Radiowave Although it dominates this list, the visible spectrum only covers a range of wavelengths from about 400nm (violet) to 700nm (red) in a spectrum that stretches from vanishingly short wavelengths (the very high energy gamma rays) to wavlengths of kilometers or more (radiowaves) Electromagnetic radiation The source of heat energy for the ... radiation spectrum The electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun shows a wide range of wavelengths. It can be divided into two major regions with respect to the capability of ionizing atom...

• Word Count: 1270
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... far from the original place of growth, the surrounding skin, and surrounding lymph nodes (Poole, p.73). Melanomas are known to play a role in a person's ethnicity, as some are more vulnerable to developing this type of cancer than others. Anyone is susceptible to developing melanomas, but it ... cases but causes most skin cancer deaths" (Society, 2012). "Overall, the lifetime risk of melanoma is about 2% (1 in 50) for whites, 0.1% (1 in 1,000) for blacks, and 0.5% (1 in 200) for Hispanics" (Society, 2012). There are several risk factors for developing melanoma. The main risk factor for m...

• Word Count: 2143
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... injuries usually occur from either catching clothing within the blade or being struck by the moveable parts. Being electrocuted happens when the shaft comes in contact with a power line during transportation or when an electrically powered auger is poorly grounded. Though there are many dangers of machinery, farmers ... air-conditioned tractor and combine cabs also reduce exposure. Noise exposure is dangerous and often overlooked. Most of the machinery that the farmer comes in contact with lets out very loud noise. Farmers rarely use earplugs or headsets to muffle the sound. Older farmers...

• Word Count: 1370
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... ozone is broken down than being created and ultra-violet rays are no longer all absorbed and therefore travel through to our atmosphere more easily. Some substances which can react in such a way with ozone are:  CFCs  methyln  chloroform  carbon tetrachloride  halons CFCs are broken down by ultra-violet rays. This process releases chlorine. The ... of CFCs by UV light into a reactive chlorine atom: CFCl2 + UVCFCl + Cl (equation 4) The next step involves attack on ozone by the chlorine atom Cl + O3ClO + O2 (equation 5) Chlorine regenerated in equation 6 may feed back into ...

• Word Count: 2476
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... to the inner layers. In short, oven microwaves cook the outside of the chicken at the same time as they cook the inside. Infrared energy cook from the outside in - a slower process. This explains why preheating is necessary in a conventional oven. The ... air inside must be lifted to a certain temperature by the infrared rays before it can heat the food properly.. It also explains why infrared ovens brown food and microwave ovens don't. Bread turns crusty and chicken crispy in ... a fanlike stirrer that scatters them around the oven's interior. They bounce off the oven walls and are abs...

• Word Count: 1548
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... planet. It is what provides us with the air we breathe, and it protects us from the full blast of the sun's radiation. Way up there in the part of the atmosphere called the stratosphere, a layer of gas called ozone, filters out most of the sun's damaging ultraviolet rays. This happens ... the atmosphere, they join with other chemicals that are already there. During Antarctica's long, dark winter time, lower temperatures in the stratosphere cause ice crystals to form in the air. When the sun reappears over the horizon in October, it acts on the ice crystals and starts reactions between o...

• Word Count: 1369
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... much longer exposure times. Dry Heat has the advantages of simplicity, high penetration and lack of toxic residues. Limitations are the long time and the high temperature required, which makes it unusable for some applications. Moist Heat In this technique moist heat is applied using pressurized steam as heat is transferred much more rapidly from steam than air. The process ... , not damage materials being disinfected such as instruments or fabric, not cause unpleasant odours or discolouration of materials being sterilised. Disadvantages of sterilisation in the costs involved for the pur...

• Word Count: 1253
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... layer when used for extensive periods of time. CFC's have chemical and physical properties that make them valuable in industry. CFC's are and unreactive chemically. "They are non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-flammable, and very stable."( ) And for these reasons they have been used in fire extinguishers, as propellants in aerosols, solvents in electronics manufactured, and as foaming agents in plastics. "Notable among the physical properties ... of some CFC's are boiling point near room temperature, so they are readily liquefied under pressure. This makes them ideally suited for use as the ...

• Word Count: 1505
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... layer when used for extensive periods of time. CFC's have chemical and physical properties that make them valuable in industry. CFC's are and unreactive chemically. "They are non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-flammable, and very stable."( ) And for these reasons they have been used in fire extinguishers, as propellants in aerosols, solvents in electronics manufactured, and as foaming agents in plastics. "Notable among the physical properties ... of some CFC's are boiling point near room temperature, so they are readily liquefied under pressure. This makes them ideally suited for use as the ...

• Word Count: 1470
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... was not a major concern, so it is easy to discover them will become brittle and overall yellowing after a period of time. Damages Found on Papers or Paper-Based Collections Paper or paper-based collections may not show distinct property changes in the initial stages of photochemical degradation. However, it will lose its strength and flexibility, and then the physical integrity of a ... paper will usually be compromised after a period of time. The appearance of them begins to change, such as discoloration, both overall yellowing or fading. ... photochemically active on organic materials...

• Word Count: 1805
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... appearance. A tan gradually fades as the skin cells migrate to the surface. The most prominent difference in exposure to the sun and exposure in a tanning bed are the times in which the exposure takes place and also the external factors existing in outside sunlight. Some examples include the time of year and day, altitude, cloud coverage, pollutants, proximity to the equator, reflective surface, ... and many more. Indoor tanning is in controlled environment while outdoor tanning is in an uncontrolled environment. Concern about skin care has helped fuel steady growth in the North American...

• Word Count: 1643
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Depletion of the Ozone Layer In the Arctic Region In 1985, a team of scientists discovered a disturbingly large hole in the Earth's ozone layer over Antarctica or the South Pole. Since that time, the degradation of the ozone layer has accelerated dramatically, and the Antarctic hole has grown disturbingly large. Some environmentalists recommend that the Falkland Islands and the southern tip of South ... and pigments into the epidermis. This blocks most UV light from reaching cells deeper in the skin, but it is not universally effective. Even in previous centuries, when the ozone layer was in...

• Word Count: 1616
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Envionment Protection Agency, "It is estimated that a sustained 10 percent loss of ozone could lead to a 26 percent increase in the number of cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer per year worlwide" and "At the same time, 1.6 million additional cataract cases per year could occur" (Envionment Protection Agency). The increase of ultraviolet radiation because of the ... The "holes" in the ozone in Antartica has increased since and only appears in the seasonal springtime. According to Greenpeace, "Measurements of ultraviolet rays in Antarctica in 1993 were 50% higher than in 1991 and 1992" (Gree...

• Word Count: 2176
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... up to 21% before a felling of dampness is apparent (Gohl and Vilensky,1989,pg 47). This characteristics are particularly important in our climate as we tend to spend fairly large amounts of time in the outdoors and around water. Cotton is a excellent choice in terms of sun safety and protection. The first man made fibre to be made was nylon, (see appendix 2) and since ... from the sun as they inhibit the UV light and reduce any reflection onto your exposed skin (QLD Cancer Fund booklet 2001). Therefore if thinking about spending long periods of time in the sun it would be suggested that...

• Word Count: 2039
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Envionment Protection Agency, "It is estimated that a sustained 10 percent loss of ozone could lead to a 26 percent increase in the number of cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer per year worlwide" and "At the same time, 1.6 million additional cataract cases per year could occur" (Envionment Protection Agency). The increase of ultraviolet radiation because of the ... The "holes" in the ozone in Antartica has increased since and only appears in the seasonal springtime. According to Greenpeace, "Measurements of ultraviolet rays in Antarctica in 1993 were 50% higher than in 1991 and 1992" (Gree...

• Word Count: 2237
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , the bond holding the oxygen molecule together breaks apart. These separate molecules quickly join with nearby oxygen molecules to form an ozone molecule. At this time, the entire process repeats itself making new molecules that are separated which combine to make new molecules, over and again (Rowland and Molin 1991 p. 42 ... lower region of the atmosphere. Instead, they would remain there for a long period of time, "50-200 years" (Rowland 1991 p. 32), gradually rising through the troposphere into the stratosphere (Rowland and Molina 1974 p.39). In the stratosphere, Cfcs would be expose...

• Word Count: 2163
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... is released from the CFCs, it destroyed 100,000 ozone atoms. Because of the concern expressed by the researchers, a ban of CFCs was introduced in several countries, including the US. This did not solve the problem however, because CFCs and other ozone depletions substances started to be produced more often ... immune system suppression. There are two types of skin cancer that ozone depletion effects, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Melanoma has been increasing in the world rapidly and is believed to be caused by over exposure to the sun. Many children whom experience bad sunburns ...

• Word Count: 1635
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... they first started tanning. Customers are often told that artificial tanning is safe, which is not true. Tanning in a tanning bed is not worth the health of an individual just for a temporary tan that will fade over time. Furthermore, tanning is also illogical. Not only is it unhealthy, it is expensive, and it is not ... tanners say that they are just tanning to get a good "base" tan for the summer time so they do not burn as badly. A base tan would best be described as the golden skin color that one gets from tanning in general. Well, getting a base tan from the tanning bed does not pr...

• Word Count: 1653
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School