This prevalence of computers in homes and at work, have produced an increasing need for protection of the threats to computer systems and their data from harm, theft, and unauthorized use. ... "A virus is a piece of program code that, like a biological virus, makes copies of itself and spreads by attaching itself to a host, often damaging the host in the process. The host is another computer program, often a computer operating system, which then infects the applications that are transferred to other computers. A computer worm is a self-replicating computer program, similar to a computer virus...

• Word Count: 725
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography

The Computer Underground: A Modern Threat to Computer Security The meaning of the word "computer" appeared in the dictionary long before many knew what a computer was. ... Computers are gaining more and more popularity. ... A computer hacker could be defined as an individual, associated with the computer underground, who specializes in obtaining unauthorized access to computer systems. ... For the average computer user, the most feared of the computer underground is that of the computer virus creator. ... It can also be used to facilitate system penetration by being attached to or imbedd...

• Word Count: 2286
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Computer Viruses and Known Disinfectants Computer viruses in the world of computing today are a well known threat. ... A virus searches for and attaches itself to a host program. ... They have the potential to infect any computer system. ... Although it is not technically a virus, as it does not require a host. ... By 1995 hundreds of viruses were in circulation spreading from computer to computer over the internet. ...

• Word Count: 1062
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

In this system, if someone wants computer A to communicate with computer B, there must be a wire or circuit between the two computers. ... Computer A could communicate with any computer in the network. Computer B could also communicate with any of the other computers. ... Since computer time sharing experiments at MIT and at Dartmouth had demonstrated that it was possible to link different computer users to a single computer, the cross country experiment built on this advance." (Cerf, 1993) Working with Thomas Merrill, Roberts linked the TX-2 computer at MIT and the Q-32 comput...

• Word Count: 4375
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography

The bonds between military and computers started getting stronger. ... The idea was to come up with other jobs within the computer other than using the computers as calculators. ... (pg 83) At that time Lick, advised the government to get a contract from his company using new computers, Ken Olsen, who owns a computer company was trying to advertise his new computers called PDP-1 to BBN. ... By this time BBN had started to focus on computer technology. ... For months, Heart's team and Roberts had been discussing the possibility of connecting many new users to the net without going through ...

• Word Count: 2921
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

When I was 12 I was really interested in the Internet and extremely interested by large mainframe type computers, I don't really know why but the immense power of these huge computers intrigued me. I would always visit sites about "legacy" hardware (very old sometimes ancient computer systems). ... We got to know each other and after a while he decided he wanted to try and run a web server (a computer on the Internet that hosts websites). ... The computer was a state-of-the art system with an extremely fast Internet connection. ... The name of the company is "slaque computer services". ...

• Word Count: 1273
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

Information and the Internet Without standards, there would not be a way for two computers to communicate with one another. ... The internet layer uses directs packets from a source host to the destination host using a different router(s). A route is what is used to describe when a specific message travels between two hosts at the internet layer. ... The data link layer uses switches to govern the movement of messages between a source PC to the computer in which the message is sent to. ... At the internet layer (layer 3) a router is used to transport packets between host computers. ...

• Word Count: 547
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

There are three types of computer infestations. ... The only way to infect a computer with a boot sector virus is to attempt to start a computer from an infected floppy disk. ... A Trojan horse is a third type of computer infestation that, like a worm, does not need a host program to work. ... There are some key elements to watch for to suspect whether or not there is a computer infestation on the computer. ... Keep these symptoms in mind and always guard your computer with complete and updated anti-virus software. ...

• Word Count: 671
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

Many ISP's also offer services such as web site building and virtual hosting. ... Your computer connects via modem over a regular old phone line to the ISP's computer, which in turn connects to the Internet backbone with a high-speed link and then routes data between your computer and the Internet backbone. ... I also found out that hosting accounted for almost 30 percent of all business revenues for ISPs. ... Companies such as Verio provide a common ASP scenario, virtual web hosting. These companies provide hardware, software, bandwidth and people to host Web sites for companies...

• Word Count: 2063
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) has become an ever expanding. CALL was created to help people learn different languages with the use of computers. ... We can also have access to the internet in more ways than just with computers. The year is 2014 and we have computers, laptops, smart phones, and tablets. ... We have facebook, twitter, tumblr, Instagram, YouTube and a host of other networks that support forums and communication with other people. ...

• Word Count: 787
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

DNS allows us to refer to computers by host names as well as by Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. ... DNS allows us to use host names and domain names, which can represent IP addresses. ... A domain name is a computer name suffix shared by a group of computers in the same organization. ... ARP uses only local broadcasts to a hosts or a gateway. ... If an ARP request is initiated from the host to a destination host on a remote network, the ARP request is sent to a router or gateway. ...

• Word Count: 2297
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

Researchers at four United States campuses created the first hosts of the ARPANET in 1969 connecting Stanford Research Institute, UCLA, UC Santa Barbara, and University of Utah. ... In 1971, the ARPANET grew to 23 hosts connecting universities and government research centers around the country. ... On November 1, 1988, a malicious program called the "Internet Worm" temporarily disabled many Internet host. ... The number of computer host approached 10 million at that time. ... The beginning of the address tells the Internet routers what network you are part of and the right end of the addres...

• Word Count: 2559
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Just before the train crashes, slams into and most likely kills a car full of helpless people, the computer freezes and won't load. ... Wondering if at that exact moment you're sitting there staring at your loading computer screen, if there is a car smashed in by a multi-ton pile of metal. ... "Having destroyed it's host, the host agent is now coming out of every orifice, and is 'trying to find a new host.'" (24, Preston) this piece of the chapter "Jumper" shows how incredibly contagious this disease is. ... Why would we want to allow someone with this contagious of a ...

• Word Count: 721
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

How does one get two computers to interact with each other? ... Rules are needed so that the computers know how to communicate. ... Any computer on the same segment of a NetBEUI network can access that network if the NetBEUI protocol is loaded on that computer. ... The server or host computer running FTP accepts commands from the client. ... ARP creates a database that maps the host's IP address to its MAC address. ...

• Word Count: 1704
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Saving your work in a HTML extension enables your computer to recognize your Web page as an internet document and will load it through a web browser such as Internet Explorer. ... Now that we have saved all our work it is still on your hard drive and only accessible from your computer and nobody else can view it. ... If you are cheap and don't want to pay for web hosting there are plenty of free web hosts on the internet that will host your Web page on their server. 1. ... Though most free web hosts place advertisements there are still a few that will host your Web page without th...

• Word Count: 1569
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

However, there can also be interception, alteration and retransmission of the data, by braking the line of communication, and passing it through the attacker. 2.8: Viruses and worms: These are the most popular means of attacking and the primal fear of many mainframes as well as private computers. ... When the user runs the program in his computer, the virus or worm becomes active. ... The Solutions: Components of a Secure Internet/Extranet Architecture A secure Internet/extranet Architecture includes the following components: Network Segmentation Firewalls Classific...

• Word Count: 2550
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Market Strategy: Oasis Computers Inc. has scheduled to announce its new and innovative tennis software/personal computer, which tracks the player's records from the cradle to the grave. ... Develop partnerships with tournament hosts, equipment manufacturers and professional tennis players Product and Services: Oasis Computers has developed proprietary technology to assist the company in managing its growth, provide translation into multiple languages and greatly improve the online member experience. ... This is accomplished through the organizations web site, powered by Oasis Com...

• Word Count: 2719
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As a side note, Ray Tomlinson is the person who established the @ sign as a domain/host designator from his Model 33 Teletype. ... The theory was tested on Xerox PARCs computers. 1974 saw the launch of TELNET public packet data service. ... In 1984, the number of hosts on the Internet broke 1000, and DNS (Domain Name Services) was introduced. ... By 1989 the number of Internet hosts had capped 100,000, and the first commercial Internet mail service was created by MCI. ... By 1992 the number of hosts on the Internet had exceeded 1,000,000 and the first MBONE audio multicast was made. ...

• Word Count: 1059
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

They disrupt the computer's operating system. ... Worms is software program unit which does not need a host to inflict damage. ... It can provide a backdoor for hackers to unleash viruses or worms on a computer system. The user may not even be aware that his or her computer has been infected by a Trojan horse. Semantic attacks do not affect the operating system or the memory of a computer directly. ...

• Word Count: 2935
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

Computers, complex network equipment, Point of Sale (POS) systems, EDI software, bar codes, and even wireless and embedded Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology are amongst the many components that make up a VMI system. ... When an item is purchased at a store and is scanned at the register, which can be a traditional POS, or a networked PC, it reads the barcode which tells the system what type of product it is, and then communicates this piece of information to a server or host. ... Another integral piece of Wal-Mart's VMI system is the core database or system which hosts al...

• Word Count: 628
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In July 1997 there were about 19.5 million hosts on the Internet. For many years it seemed as if the number of hosts were doubling year to year but now it seems to be slowing down significantly. Yet the distribution of hosts by countries and regions hasn't changed much in this period. ... About 81.5 % of worldwide Internet hosts are in the G7-countries, which make up only ten percent of the worlds population. ... Beside these costs and fees, acquiring a computer and a modem is much more expensive in Third World countries. ...

• Word Count: 1422
• Approx Pages: 6

The company's display advertising consists of videos, texts, images, and other interactive ads that run across the web on computers, mobile devices, and handheld computers. ... Google's expansion moved the company well beyond web search into content hosting, communications applications, productivity applications, and more leading to the purchased of YouTube in 2006. Google also began hosting and searching digital versions of books. ... From Amazon, to online video, news, communication picture hosting and application platforms, Google's expansion threatened firms in all different...

• Word Count: 610
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

To communicate among host computers on the same network a protocol titled NCP (Network Control Protocol) was used. ... The number of hosts went from one thousand to one hundred thousand. ... The first commercial Internet dial-up access (world.std.com) was developed. 1992 brought us ISOC (Internet Society) and hosts now reached more than one million. ... At the end of 2002, more than thirty five million hosts exist. ... Telnet is most often used to connect from a home computer to a school's computer or home and office. ...

• Word Count: 2631
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

They are then able to access information from thousands of other computers. ... Roberts created the first wide-area computer. ... This allowed communications between hosts running in the same network. ... In order to make it easier to use, the Host computers were assigned names, replacing numbers (Comer 41). ... Government computers are just as vulnerable. ...

• Word Count: 1841
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

files onto computer hard drives. ... Several of these companies used Orwellian computer software that was initially offered for only $99 and had the ability to screen and record every keystroke on the computer with video like precision. ... Another major concern within computer security is electronic attacks by computer hackers on government and business computers. ... Even though it may seem immediate, an e-mail message travels from one's computer to several computer hosts across the world before finally reaching its destination. At every stopping point, it could be intercepted and e...

• Word Count: 1730
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate