... ridicule; develop self-restraint; and be constantly mindful of the welfare of others. Honest in thought and deed in both my personal and official life, I will be exemplary in obeying the laws of the land and the regulations of my department. Whatever I see or hear of a confidential nature or that is confided to me in my official capacity will be kept ever secret unless revelation is necessary ... criminals, I will enforce the law courteously and appropriately without fear or favor, malice or ill will, never employing unnecessary force or violence, and never accepting gratuities. I recogn...

• Word Count: 2953
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... community. Not only has Indianapolis but also a lot of the big cities have implemented community policing as a crime-fighting tool. So, there are several communities getting involved in community policing, because it is effective! In my opinion, I think community policing is effective, because if the people were not helping the police officers it would make it a lot harder for them to find the ... Witkin, there are now fewer kids dealing the drugs and more adults. An adult usually tends to solve any differences in a non-violent manner; therefore, also reducing the violent crime statisti...

• Word Count: 3648
• Approx Pages: 15

... to make a clear decision on the matter. The main reason for this is that it is a sensitive issue which is debated on many occasions through personal belief or in highly morally vulnerable circumstances. In my opinion capital punishment is cruel and unusual. It is ethically and morally wrong. It is fallible; it is applied arbitrarily, and is discriminative. Capital punishment is viewed by ... many as the most fundamental human rights violation. The right to live. Following in this report will be the laws and regulations that have been applied to abolish this act in Australia and ... dam...

• Word Count: 3217
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to the crime, the offender and the relevant circumstances. As such there are a wide range of sentencing options available. Below is a short synopsis of what the main sentencing options available in this case would entail: Absolute discharge: This is a finding of guilt without punishment. Conditional discharge: This sentence is essentially an official "telling off- and largely a rehabilitative sentence; the implication is ... condition of a further 6 months probation upon release [with a drug treatment order attached]. Sentencing the magistrate commented: "Mr Dilligan, you are a habitual...

• Word Count: 2567
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the three men, he was only twenty two-years-old, he was an extremely proud young man. Some of the criminal activity that he had participated in included the following: stolen car, criminal mischief, shoplifting, trespassing, theft, and stolen property. He did not care about what other people thought. He was ... is learned and therefore it is passed on by the criminal exposure that they receive based on the contacts that they known and are mainly involved in criminal behavior. I believe this theory clearly describes and relates more to Mike since he is the youngest of the three of the men...

• Word Count: 2694
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... and normative behavior with any particular police department. Finally, there are individual officers ethical standards developed over a lifetime of interaction with family and peers (Finckenauer, 2002). In certain circumstance police officers have a selective disregard for the rule-of-law. This is evidenced by the many cases of police misconduct seen throughout the nation. Officers at ... the police department (Banks, 2009). Conversely, explanations for police misconduct focus on three factors: individual police officer, on the institutional culture of policing, and on society in genera...

• Word Count: 2665
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of twenty-eight, have fluid leadership structure and member participation. They may display common colors, insignia and communication patterns like hand signs, graffiti and codes. They are also less sophisticated in terms of organizational structure, rules of conduct and nature of criminal activities. The police will classify a person to be a gang member into a database if they meet at least two ... of the qualifications that they have determined would be consideration of a person associated with organized crime. They must have been directly or indirectly involved in a gang-motivated cr...

• Word Count: 3749
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography

... to cause physical or psychological harm (School Violence, 2009). Youth Violence typically includes persons between the ages of 10 and 24, although pathways to youth violence can begin in early childhood ("School violence," 2009).Violent behavior includes bullying, fighting (e.g., punching, slapping, kicking), weapon use, electronic aggression and gang violence. There is no single definition ... school often involves the use of weapons. Traditionally, weapons prohibited on school grounds referred to firearms and explosives, but recently, many states have widened these guidelines. For exam...

• Word Count: 2600
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... These beliefs come primarily from discourse or communication within the group. Along with other elites groups, such as the politicians, educators, and corporate managers, the media has a responsibility in forming and perpetuating these beliefs because they have control over the resources of public discourse (van Dijik 1998). Media discourse is the main source of people's knowledge, attitudes, and ideologies ... as disfranchised free men. Their history of slavery, segregation, and systematic discrimination adds to the difficulty of receiving fair treatment. Furthermore, whereas many other...

• Word Count: 2726
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography

... a heightened awareness about injustice and inequity during the civil rights movement. Apprehensions concerning the unfair application of the death penalty were addressed in a landmark decision in 1972, Furman vs. Georgia. In this case, the Supreme Court concluded in a five to four decision that capital punishment "as was then administered, was arbitrary and capricious and opened the door to discriminatory practices ... of 7.3 percent of the nation's total population (Texas 4). Therefore, Texas executes a proportionately higher percentage of offenders compared to its population. Because Te...

• Word Count: 4933
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of communication and the inability to solve problems are two of the most fundamental forms relative to future delinquency. The nature of these conflicts is cyclical in that communication and problem-solving breakdowns increase the incidences of delinquency which in turn increase the stress and conflict levels within the family leading to more instances of deviant behavior (Smith & Stern, 1997). Educators, clinicians and ... probationer periodically to keep up with charges and make sure the probationer has not broken his probation. After researching probation to a fairly good extent in m...

• Word Count: 8199
• Approx Pages: 33
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... held accountable for many of the things they did. They believed that children had to be separated from adults within the corrections system and held in specialized facilities (Krygier, 3). Juvenile courts were established during the 20th century (Krygier, 3). Juvenile delinquency is an issue that is taken very ... . Some causes can be health problems, family problems, poverty, education, where they live, and peer pressure. Many of the children that live in poverty have no health insurance. This means that they are not as healthy as they should be and could develop chronic health problems...

• Word Count: 3291
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... officers who take advantage of their position as badge and gun holders to intimidate and abuse civilians for personal or departmental goals. Such conflicts have significant implications on departmental and administrative policy procedures. One of the main police abuse problems is physical brutality. The main goal here ... Although, if every incidence of police abuse was requested to be reported, how many actually would be? Maybe only those serious enough, as depicted in new guidelines, would make it, leaving some space for officers to exert pressure without crossing serious and abusive p...

• Word Count: 2870
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... of female gang members came almost exclusively from male gang members (Short and Strodtbeck, 1965). However, male gang members may be indulging in their own fantasies. In a recent study, male gang members told researchers that group sex was an initiation ritual for female gang members, but female gang ... gang members do. They were also more likely to use hard drugs and to feel that the gang played an important part in their lives. In both periods, female gang members were more likely than male gang members to come from troubled families and were far more likely ... sexuality. 64 fight...

• Word Count: 2737
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... penalty cases are white. Also, since 1976 only ten executions involved a white defendant who had killed a Black victim. The final source used in my research that I will discuss is The History of the Death Penalty, (www.deathpenaltyinfo.msu.edu,) which provides a vast amount of information on the subject of deterrence, execution of innocent defendants, ... also saying that the death penalty is not a deterrent because most people who commit murders either do not think of getting caught or getting the death sentence or life in prison. Support for my third hypothesis was found at the websi...

• Word Count: 2728
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... para. 5.) Prior to the events, which unfolded on October 31, 2002 and April 5, 2003, I had already begun to perceive that my family and myself might be in need of some type of therapy. Scientific studies also point to some good news. Mounting evidence indicates that juveniles who commit serious offenses ... lack of empathy and a tendency to be impulsive (Lexcen and Redding par.10) These types of circumstances can very stressful to parents. My wife and I have been in a state of stress since these events and have had to find ways of dealing with it. Stress can be both positive and negativ...

• Word Count: 2783
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... people have been doing it ever since. If more people tended to their children like they did in the early days instead of letting them roam the streets till late at night, then the levels of crime would significantly drop. Some of the people in my area commit crime purely down to boredom so if there were more community centres where our youngsters ... could meet up in the safety of an adult-supervised environment, I think would show an improvement when next looking at the local crime figures ... . Did you feel justice has been Yes done? No 11. Do you feel the crime in your Yes Area is on...

• Word Count: 2617
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... (Ibid).  Rights Of Confrontation and Cross Examination. The juvenile's right to confront and to cross-examine argumentative witnesses was upheld in In re Gault. Most states apply this ruling to only the first phase of the criminal court proceedings, that is, to that part dealing ... during prior to the court's final temperament. Because of the humanitarianism of this one man, the nation's first probation law was passed in Massachusetts in 1878. By the late 1890's, a second Massachusetts law required the criminal courts to appoint probation officers and to extend the provisions of the...

• Word Count: 2997
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... more and more to realize that this was the career for me, as I've always felt a need for helping people and my community. I started out at the age of nine learning about a new world, work. I was a stock boy in my father's store, in a busy part of the city. where it was a common place for police officers to grab a snack or just do a routine check ... to a hobby building what I loved to build Tables, clocks, and all kinds of furniture. I found out I wasn't a carpenter but a furniture maker and that is where I left it, a simple furniture maker in my spare time, a lovely hobby. I had to fin...

• Word Count: 4766
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... like a cancer spreading from street to street, a cancer all residents of L.A need to face. I attempt in this paper to do just that, to face this epidemic and take an in-depth look at gangs. By applying the control theory and conflict theories of deviance to gangs my goal is to have a better understanding of the root of the gang problem from a social deviance ... that household would increase the chances of the youth joining a gang. The amount of drinking or drug use by parents would also influence the youth to participate in the same activities. Throughout all of my research and Hill an...

• Word Count: 2819
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... are delinquent. Some theorists say that it is genetic, or it is because of their upbringing, or peers and so forth. In this paper I will attempt to answer some of my questions and some of the questions others have asked about this thing called delinquency. I want to know the effect that ones ... these researchers, and theorist say that if we have a commitment to conventional activities, involvement in school, recreation, and family activities, and beliefs in values and morals will lead to less juvenile delinquency (Petrosino, 2000,p.636). III. Method To get my data, I used books and the ...

• Word Count: 3369
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... at such an impressionable age, Sam would also acquire these criminal notions much quicker than he would at other times in his life: "My Uncle Howie was a lot older, maybe fifteen years older than me. Nice looking guy. My stepfather's brother. He done time in Midstate Prison for a hot car. Was kind of a gambler, a hustler type. Liked the fast life. Was always out for ... - I always helped out when I was there. No such thing as a free ride. I had to get my chores done and stay out of trouble at school. If something happened at school, the people would notify my grandparents."[pg. 37] So, ...

• Word Count: 4192
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... opportunity to perform the learned roles once a skill has been acquired. For example, the classroom is one of my legitimate learning structures. In one of my Administration of Justice classes, I learned my rights as an American citizen, and I learned the basics of the law and what I can do/cannot do ... -one (or older) and are willing to buy me alcohol. The learning structure for drinking alcohol occurred in my sophomore year in high school when I first started drinking with my friends in their basement. I learned many things that year such as if you drink fast and repeatedly, you will .....

• Word Count: 3180
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... administration of the death penalty, newly elected Governor Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. ended the Maryland moratorium in January 2003 (Policy Debate pg 2). While my beliefs contradict race as an issue, I still find it disturbing that even though a study showed that there is significant racial bias involved with capital punishment. But that states governor still ... case before any chance of parole. Life imprisonment without a chance of parole is also an alternative that could be used (Alternatives para.10). Life imprisonment with no chance of parole, in my eyes, is clearly the most suitable ...

• Word Count: 2619
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... also no one deserves to die no matter what. Yes, criminals deserve punishment, but who are we as a society to play God and decide who lives and who dies? In opposition to my argument that there is no conclusive evidence that capital punishment is a deterrent, he would say that capital punishment does not have to deter everyone, it is worthwhile even if ... is not only unjust, but it is too harsh as a punishment. There are better ways to punish criminals than killing them. Life imprisonment without any chance for parole would be in my opinion the best punishment for criminals. We have no...

• Word Count: 4097
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School