... the private possession and responsible use of marijuana by adults, including cultivation for personal use, and casual nonprofit transfers of small amounts. This policy, known as decriminalization, removes the consumer -- the marijuana smoker -- from the criminal justice system, while maintaining criminal penalties against those who ... use. It was in the light of these factors that the prevention and control of the risks of drug use to society and individuals were made the primary objective of policy. This drugs policy has never been amended. It means that the government's role is to pr...

• Word Count: 2975
• Approx Pages: 12

... The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 established the creation of a drug-free America as a policy goal. A key provision of the act was the establishment of the Office of National Drug Control Policy also known, as the ONDCP. It is the responsibility of the ONDCP to set priorities, implement ... a national strategy, and certify federal drug-control budgets. The law specified that the strategy must be comprehensive and research ... number of users, and decreasing drug availability. John P. Walters was sworn in as the Director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy on Decembe...

• Word Count: 3320
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

... tolerance for drug abuse must be reduced to zero (Drug Abuse Report, April 19, 1988: 6; Drug Abuse Report, May 3,1988: 1-3;U.S. Department of Transportation, 1988). The current drug policy in the United States is reminiscent of alcohol Prohibition. With the enactment of the Volstead Act in 1919, America embarked on a social experiment known as Prohibition. Prohibitionists rejected the idea ... has been sharply criticized by the Institute of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences on three primary counts: (1) its insufficient sample size (only four monkeys), (2) its failure to contr...

• Word Count: 2648
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... under direct observation, it inquires into the previously areas of our life, it compels the provision of personal medical information, and it denies individuals control over their off-duty time. (Gilliom 85) Gilliom is giving a base for the arguments against drug testing. Drug testing is a highly contested ... the employee assistance programs. These programs will help the drug abuser cope with the difficulties of kicking the addiction. In order to introduce a new policy into a company, employees must be given time to stop or resign. The best way to start a drug-testing program is to educ...

• Word Count: 2757
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... the American justice system might have a more negative impact if we do not find alternative solutions. Problem solving courts rely on the application of rudimentary principles of operant conditioning to control behavior. They have been implemented as a response to the frustrations engendered by overwhelmed state courts that struggle to address the problems that are fueling their rising caseloads in an attempt ... rearrested 31.4% fewer times than those in a national comparison model over a three-year period. Stacy Lee Burns found that the approach of problem-solving courts helps the issue...

• Word Count: 4011
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... spent fight a deceptive and unnecessary war. Contrary to all logical processes of evolution, one normally learns from mistakes and does not repeat them, however, in the case of American policy, we seem to have ignored all first hand experience and evidence dealing with prohibition. During the alcohol prohibition of the 20's, the prevalence of consumption and alcoholism actually increased. ... and Liverpool, England show that sixty percent of intravenous drug users are infected with AIDS, whereas, one percent of IV users are infected in Liverpool. Liverpool has adopted the policy of decri...

• Word Count: 3129
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... have on the user's behavior and by generating violence and other illegal activity in connection with drug trafficking. The Office of national Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) summarizes the drug to crime relationship in three ways: [d]rug defined offenses, [which are] violations of laws prohibiting or ... Where punishment often fails, appropriate and high-quality drug treatment often works. A study conducted for the White House's Office of National Drug Control Policy, for example, found treatment to be 15 times more cost-effective than law enforcement at reducing cocaine abuse. Imprisonment ...

• Word Count: 2815
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and violent crime, the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse concluded, "Rather than inducing violent or aggressive behavior through its purported effects of lowering inhibitions, weakening impulse control and heightening aggressive tendencies, marihuana was usually found to inhibit the expression of aggressive impulses by pacifying the user, interfering with muscular coordination, reducing psychomotor activities and generally ... or repeal of criminal penalties for private use and cultivation of cannabis, to full legalization, in which marijuana is commercially sold like alcoh...

• Word Count: 4993
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography

... and violent crime, the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse concluded, "Rather than inducing violent or aggressive behavior through its purported effects of lowering inhibitions, weakening impulse control and heightening aggressive tendencies, marihuana was usually found to inhibit the expression of aggressive impulses by pacifying the user, interfering with muscular coordination, reducing psychomotor activities and generally ... or repeal of criminal penalties for private use and cultivation of cannabis, to full legalization, in which marijuana is commercially sold like alcoh...

• Word Count: 4953
• Approx Pages: 20

... and violent crime, the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse concluded, "Rather than inducing violent or aggressive behavior through its purported effects of lowering inhibitions, weakening impulse control and heightening aggressive tendencies, marihuana was usually found to inhibit the expression of aggressive impulses by pacifying the user, interfering with muscular coordination, reducing psychomotor activities and generally ... or repeal of criminal penalties for private use and cultivation of cannabis, to full legalization, in which marijuana is commercially sold like alcoh...

• Word Count: 4899
• Approx Pages: 20

... , but most uninsured are referred to the Arise Program. Pathways accepts patients age 18 and older, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Pathways substance abuse policy is updated yearly and all Federal drug testing custody control forms are up-to-date. All employees and patients are randomly drug tested to monitor for those disregarding the rules. Nurses perform tests and hospital lab ... needs detoxification therapy or methadone treatments they are referred out to another facility. This center does not discriminate against those seeking help who are HIV positive. The Drug and Alcohol Pol...

• Word Count: 2566
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in 1998. Availability Cocaine is readily available in all major U.S. metropolitan areas. According to the summer 1998 Pulse Check, which is published by the Office of National Drug Control Policy, cocaine use has stabilised across the country, with a few increases reported in San Diego, Bridgeport, Miami, and Boston. In the West, cocaine use is down perhaps because ... found that the number of first-time marijuana users in 1998 (2.3million) increased significantly compared to 1989 (1.4million). In addition, according to the Office of National Drug Control Policy's 1998 Drug Control Strat...

• Word Count: 10574
• Approx Pages: 42

... drug laws and countless state laws specified a variety of disciplinary measures, including life imprisonment and even the death penalty. To clarify the situation, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 abolished, replaced, or updated all previous federal laws concerned with narcotics and all other dangerous drugs. While possession was made illegal, the severest penalties were reserved for ... distribution and manufacture of drugs. The act dealt with prevention and treatment of drug abuse as well as control of drug traffic. The Anti-Drug Abuse Acts of 1986 and 198...

• Word Count: 5106
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... dollar expenditures for treatment. Many health insurance companies have lower lifetime limits on amounts that can be spent on drug and alcohol treatment than on other illnesses (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002). The abuse of prescription medications has increased in all segments of the population, and in recent years the increase in abuse of prescription painkillers has been ... and expertise in substance abuse issues on the part of mainstream medical practitioners also contribute to the isolation of substance abuse treatment from other health care services (Centers for...

• Word Count: 3818
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... stiffening laws concerning the cultivation and trafficking of drugs and various media awareness programs, the problem continues to get worse. The government is exercising many options to control the problem or even solve the problem. It seems as if the "war on drugs" is a futile war or at least next to impossible to win ... bring in billions of dollars that the government could put to good use. The recreational use of marijuana does not create higher crime rates like most government policy makers seem to believe. The crime rates in Amsterdam (where marijuana is legal) are much lower than...

• Word Count: 2828
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... this process.  According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM), smoking marijuana is an unsafe delivery system that produces harmful effects." In making this comment, the Office of National Drug Control Policy urges us to consider the complexity of the marijuana plant, and the difficulty involved in adequately testing it for safe use. As science evolves, perhaps the testing process will too ... from legalizing marijuana. "Just look at alcohol," they might say, "and all the money the government generates from taxes on it." The Office of National Drug Control Policy disagrees when they wri...

• Word Count: 4020
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... that were around before the automobile was even invented. I will begin with the history of our drug control policies, which have failed miserably, and examine the drug-crime connection. Policy History Drugs have been in this country since the beginning of time in some shape or form, which ... committee that was in charge of investigating the Harrison Act and the first nationwide investigation of illicit drugs. Arising from this investigation was the Narcotic Control Act, which was the most severe antidrug legislation put into affect(3). The NCA doubled the lengthy sentences of the Boggs...

• Word Count: 2940
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... that were around before the automobile was even invented. I will begin with the history of our drug control policies, which have failed miserably, and examine the drug-crime connection. Policy History Drugs have been in this country since the beginning of time in some shape or form, which ... committee that was in charge of investigating the Harrison Act and the first nationwide investigation of illicit drugs. Arising from this investigation was the Narcotic Control Act, which was the most severe antidrug legislation put into affect(3). The NCA doubled the lengthy sentences of the Boggs...

• Word Count: 3210
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Act, signed by the President, was a monumental change in welfare as we know, or used to know it. The welfare system is still in need of a more strict and stringent policy reform, yet the Personal Responsibility Act was a prodigious step in the right direction. In the past few years, the federal governments and state governments have tried to change and improve ... spending. Current programs will be consolidated, time limits will be placed on benefits and savings are to go to deficit reduction. The bill's main thrust is to give states greater control over the benefits programs, work prog...

• Word Count: 2728
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... fuels organized crime, which, people argue, draws the youth of America into gangs and the drug business itself. People make these drugs in their basements with out government standards or control; therefore most likely making them more dangerous and deadly than they would have if manufactured by the government themselves. Legalization advocates also argue that legalization would reap the profits of ... people unhealthy and slow. People for criminalization do not believe that prohibition is an insult to your decisions, and that it's not immoral to enforce it. "Criminalization allows a stan...

• Word Count: 2533
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... but even professionals. According to "one recent Money Magazine study, 45 different professional tax preparers came up with 45 different tax amounts for the same fictional family." (free-market net policy spotlight) Today, nearly 50% (federal, social security, tariffs, state, local) (8: 51) of your income is wasted on taxes, that means you spend nearly half your life time working as a slave ... fair share. DRUG PROHIBITION "A prohibition law strikes a blow at the very principles upon which our government was founded. Prohibition goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to co...

• Word Count: 7034
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... problem, however, the fueling of the war on drugs and changes in punishment policies has led this problem to an epidemic that is growing out of control. In this section I will give a brief history of the war on drugs, as well as a brief history of the problem of prison overcrowding ... . It was believed that nothing was working (Johnson 1996). During this time period, a move was made from the reform of prisoners to the policy of warehousing prisoners or incapacitation of prisoners. The belief was that if prisoners were behind bars, they could no longer harm society during their period of ...

• Word Count: 3499
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... but even professionals. According to "one recent Money Magazine study, 45 different professional tax preparers came up with 45 different tax amounts for the same fictional family." (free-market net policy spotlight) Today, nearly 50% (federal, social security, tariffs, state, local) (8: 51) of your income is wasted on taxes, that means you spend nearly half your life time working as a slave ... fair share. DRUG PROHIBITION "A prohibition law strikes a blow at the very principles upon which our government was founded. Prohibition goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to co...

• Word Count: 7038
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... legalization would be increased drug use, along with increased addiction and death rate. DuPont, a clinical professor of psychiatry at Georgetown University and former director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, provides evidence in pre-prohibition experiences as well as more current experiments with legalization. DuPont states that since the main goal of legalization would be elimination of the black market ... ...

• Word Count: 4624
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... less harmful affects than tobacco or alcohol use. This lobby feels that the continued criminal prohibition by the government of the United States of America is a wasteful and destructive social policy that results in the needless arrests of thousands, even millions, of otherwise law abiding citizens. Not only does this war on drugs lead to unjust arrests, it has proven to ... all due respect to the people who advocate a war on drugs, it seems that common sense has gone out of the window and been replaced by some government agenda to control the lives of, with the exception of their mari...

• Word Count: 5937
• Approx Pages: 24
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School