... with a scalpel, a shotgun or a hypodermic needle - we need not exercise too much scruple over the taking of human life. Cruel and Unusual Punishment in the 8th Amendment In the late 70's, the US ended a 10 year hiatus on Capital Punishment. During this break from public executions, the crime rate in the U.S. did not rise. (find a source for this) 10) LETTERS I live in Melbourne, Australia ... , and have just visited your website. Australia ceased the practice of capital punishment some 40 years ago. The last man executed here was found guilty of ... 20 of the last 21 federal capital tri...

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... can be performed by Christians or non-Christians, spiritual or nonspiritual, religious or nonreligious individuals. These activities are religiously neutral in and of themselves. It is the application of these activities, actions, professions, etc. in context with the worldview of the individual who performs the activities that determine the Christian-ness or non-Christian-ness of the action. Thus, while Collins has provided a ... Christian worldview for the purpose of influencing, impacting, assisting or helping others. Therefore, worldviews don't influence actions or activities themse...

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... the voice of the aspect of our psyche that is looked as the mental cop that policies our thoughts and behaviors. The super-ego controls the actions of the ego in the form of a "conscience" and consequently imposes a sense of guilt and need for self-punishment on the individual (126). Guilt is the super-ego's calling our attention to our own failure. Of all ... three terms, the super-ego has the most aggressive and strictest role in our psyche, and it is the self. The "super-ego", according to Freud ... hobbies such as painting, art, music, sports, etc., in order to substitute their fru...

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... the voice of the aspect of our psyche that is looked as the mental cop that policies our thoughts and behaviors. The super-ego controls the actions of the ego in the form of a "conscience" and consequently imposes a sense of guilt and need for self-punishment on the individual (126). Guilt is the super-ego's calling our attention to our own failure. Of all ... three terms, the super-ego has the most aggressive and strictest role in our psyche, and it is the self. The "super-ego", according to Freud ... hobbies such as painting, art, music, sports, etc., in order to substitute their fru...

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... which made him fearful of punishment for harming others. By the end of the story, Roger's target is the other boys and he no longer aims to miss. Roger shows his barbaric side and reveals the pleasure he attains from hurting others. The struggle between good and evil ends when Roger purposely ... it relates back to the desire for power in today's society. The boys see the necessity for government so that they can keep law and order and although they have good intentions, they do not have enough insight to maintain a well governed democratic society. The island being a microcosm of ... ...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... as he begins to delve into his childhood. His earliest memory consist of a bonfire he attends as a child where piles of sheep, cows, and pigs are systematically burned due to a manmade bioform outbreak. Jimmy, Snowman's real name, feels a great deal of compassion for these animals, a trait ... intelligent scientist Glenn, nicknamed Crake...this led to a godlike sense of power, an amoral lack of humanity, the creation of drugs and false medicines and more or less the destruction of most of the human race"(153). The two friends are both products of their upbringing, they ... a more devious...

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... schools of thought have approached the problem. Philosophers seem to me to start by looking at the concept of self as a logical problem of separating the individual and his or her consciousness from the world around it. The word "ego," which simply means "I" or "myself" in Latin, does not have any other specific ... being or consciousness at all. In a sense, I was a created being with no right to an "ego," but if I looked back at my parents and my grandparents and so on back into my most distant ancestors, I had to ask myself where the source of this existence came from. Imagining a worl...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... wants to maintain the unity of the family; she wants them to remain connected, children being a strong, somewhat compulsory, unifying element for husband and wife. She doesn't want them to grow up into "long-legged monsters:- she regards adults as monsters, or maybe she sees growth as ... is small and compact; they are of the middle class. This is the class Virginia Woolf belonged to. The range of characters she used is similar to what E. M. Forster utilized in Howards End. But her choice of characters although it perfectly realizes the diversities of man's activities, does so ... almos...

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... essentially, build their child by determining its genetic make-up. Instead of leaving children's characteristics up to chance, parents could choose their children's hair color, eye color, and skin color, effectively moving the institution of sexual reproduction from procreation to architecture. While this may sound frightening, genetic research has far more advantages than downfalls. With recent advancements ... in the development of stem cell research the American Association for the Advancement of Science, (AAAS) along with the Institute for Civil Society published a report of their fi...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... the goal of this essay, to determine if species difference is morally relevant. The capacities which Singer identifies explicitly limit the concern here to sentient beings which will exclude plants and organisms which naturally lack some form of consciousness. In evaluating speciesism as a coherent charge to levy against much of our society, most critics of Singer have attacked the idea ... would have frightening consequences for those who accepted them. Pluhar writes concerning such consequences: "If it is morally permissible to hunt, trap, confine, slaughter, eat, do toxicity testing ...

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... the changes in the traditional patterns of particular societies, it cannot avoid but to run into some forms of conflict with the host culture, namely with its basic beliefs and values, worldviews and attitudes toward life, which conflict only subsides or can only be subdued, when the host culture finally adapts itself to, or is coopted by, the new patterns introduced by ... is anti-culture. This is a very serious judgment against development, i.e. against the Western model of development, as culture is the expression of the spirit of a people, of its experiences lived and transmitted fro...

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... humans. An orderly society provides structure to those who live in it. A daily schedule of work, play, family time, school, chores, and government allows people to function in a civilized manner. When these components are stripped away, society is left with a dismantled moral framework. When ... to threaten, sabotage, or even murder someone due to their emotional state. However, in a life-threatening or precarious position, morality shifts from consciousness and, as a result, this maliciousness arrives as a common occurrence. While England is being bombed, a group of young boys is airlif...

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... could be argued as an unnecessary burden on society. In other words, the value of someone's life is measured on a scale of productivity, contribution, and whether or not that life impedes others. Without high output in these areas, the value in that life is not there. This mindset also believes that ... about the meaning of life...life has no higher purpose than to perpetuate the survival of DNA...life has no design, no purpose, no evil and no good, nothing but blind pitiless indifference. These are Darwin's words on the meaning of life. He believed that there was no main ... say to li...

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... for Demetrius, complicates the conflict of the play. Love, however, is introduced as a neutral force, one that acts on humans and fairies equally, and can cause both conflict and resolution, since the play is resolved once all the lovers are in love with the proper match. If "fairy" is a metaphor ... coveted as a henchman to Oberon is the mortal Indian boy. In addition, the boy is another character, although minor, who crosses the border between human and fairy. Perhaps this suggests a similar past for Puck - that he is, in fact, a mortal raised by fairies - which would explain his privi...

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... that wages deep within before he can rid himself of the external. Prometheus suffers due to his opposition toward the tyrannous Jupiter and thus becomes the spirit and creator of humanity. His demand to free mankind becomes the source of his suffering, but by suffering he "gave to man those ... must first be self-love. A human must love his own individualistic self before he can find a true loving companion. If one does not know and completely love himself/herself, then how can one find another to match in perfect harmony? Therefore, before Prometheus can free his bonds, he must love ....

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... a promise of better understanding in the future. The epistemological process gets an endless open character. The mainstream of modern philosophies is in debt to the heritage of William Ockham and Cusanus and confirms Cusanus' foundation of sciences, which is elaborated into an analytical-synthetic epistemological model to approach reality. Comparing the theories of Kepler, Galileo, Descartes, Francis Bacon, Hobbes, ... primarily focused on the possibility of realising human freedom within a nature, which does not treat man as its 'particular favourite'. Kant bridges the gap between the d...

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... a western philosophy because its theorists are from a European origin. In this perspective, existential ethics are very similar to samurai ethics. For example, German Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche's world-view and value system closely resemble samurai ethics. He is considered to be a pre-existential figure because his works influenced the ideas of Sartre. Nietzsche? world-view consists of mainly two classes ... suffering. Schopenhauer's solution to his existence in an irrational world resembles the Buddha's pathway of liberation. Liberation in the Buddhist perspective means freeing on...

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... of people achieving cohesion by means of 'the information infrastructure' - which currently means the Internet (Clarke 1997. Sv "Encouraging Cyberculture"). Housed in the framework of the computer and linked to thousands of networks worldwide, an estimated 150 million people globally utilize the World Wide Web (Internet) (Allan 2000. Sv "Cybersocieties"). Personal computers are a relatively ... "E-zine"). Question 1b: Artificial intelligence: What role does the development of artificial intelligence play in the current production of culture? Artificial intelligence is "the science and en...

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... humans are a synthesis of various elements that when comprised make humans uniquely human. A synthesis, in its traditional sense, consists of a thesis and an antithesis that are brought together to form the synthesis. Hegel is credited with this traditional view, Kierkegaard points out that his third factor in ... not come equipped with wings limits me. The infinite on the other hand is best associated with imagination. John W. Elrod in his book Being and Existence in Kierkegaard's Pseudonymous Works describes the infinite as "Imagination ranges free of the self's facticity by positing a ...

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... with those practices, executions have no place in a civilized society. Bedau concludes that "capital punishment does not deter crime, and it is uncivilized in theory and unfair and inequitable in practice." I highly agree with Bedau. In contrast to Hugo Adam Bedau and myself, Ernest van den Haag is a supported of capital punishment. I strongly disagree with the Haag's reasoning on being for the death penalty. He ... would argue against several of my points against my objections to capital punishment. Against my argument that innocent lives are taken, he would respond saying "All human ac...

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... . " He that will not give just occasion to think that all government in the world is the product only of force and violence, and then men live together by no other rules but that of beats, where the strongest carries it must of necessity find another rise ... According to Alexander Pope's version of perfectionism, it is part of the very order of things that some people are greater than others are and wiser and richer with finding God. In his ethical system, God was the way to perfection. Perfectionism still plays a major role in society with ... alienated antihero rages against the optim...

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... states of affairs desirable in themselves, to which acts are merely instrumentally valuable. Instead he considers activity to be directly constitutive of human good. Thus in Dewey's ethics, evaluation of activities and goals turns out to be reciprocal. On the one hand, we evaluate particular choices of acts for their efficiency in realizing certain goals, while on the other, we evaluate selections ... , he stops short of giving character the sort of explanatory primacy that virtue theorists typically do. Second, he tends to value character traits solely in terms of the activities they gi...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... again Looking through the moral aspects of euthanasia, we can divide them in two points of view: of the euthanized (patient) and his environment, and of the responsible doctor. Starting with the moral analysis of the patient who desires to go through euthanasia, we could say that ... of the state is obliged to protect the human life, born or unborn, because this is the uppermost human value and right whose violator is punished with the major punishment. About this issue, R. Dworkin (1994) claims that the current legislation in most countries does not vary between the ... poison, for ex...

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... with an author. His intentions were solely to describe the terrible events that transpired in the infamous Auschwitz. In my own opinion, the paradox between success and happiness is that you can achieve happiness without truly reaching success. However, a lot of people think that through success you can reach what some people consider ... it could just be the fact that the guard was lacking something else to divert his attention. He finishes and walks away as if no crime has been committed. I walk over to the prisoner and offer him a hand to help him of the ground, where it can be inter...

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... in, "The Scene of the Drunken Poet," in which two fairies plague and pinch a poet who happens to wander into the forest. "Pinch him forty, forty times, Pinch till he confess his crimes," the crime being drunk (Purcell, The Fairy Queen). Indeed, Haitink, Hall and Bury's fairies do seem to suggest a hostile nature with their unearthly, shy, defensive but ... Puck messes up his plans," (Parsons, "Guide to Videos," 303). Haitink, Hall and Bury stress Oberon's cruelty in the scene in which Oberon reprimands Robin for his mistakes. "This is thy negligence. Still thou mistak'st, Or else commit...

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• Grade Level: High School