... the Constitution, the authority of regulating commerce is continually challenged. The stream of commerce doctrine, the opinion in United States v. E.C. Knight Company (1895), and the opinion in Stafford v. Wallace (1922) are examples of how the court has tried to rectify the arguments over commerce, but to no avail. ... before the stream of commerce doctrine, the Supreme Court decided the case of United States v. E.C. Knight Company (1895) that helped define the direct and indirect effects doctrine. In this case, the American Sugar Refining Company wanted to purchase the E.C. Knight Comp...

• Word Count: 664
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... written so broadly, that there is so much room for imagination from the reader. The reader may perceive what they believe the constitution says but is not always correct. Tribe and Dork describe the constitution as being inconsistent. Even at that, it is still very interpretive, since the United States has been around for over two hundred years with the same ... document. I would have to say that I strongly agree with the statements of Tribe and Dork. I think that people perceive what they want to perceive. If the constitution is written so broadly and so general, then the people will i...

• Word Count: 375
• Approx Pages: 2

... unconstitutional. However, they designed these acts to terminate in 1801 in case they lost the upcoming election. Outraged by these unconstitutional acts, Jeffersonians resolved to nullify them. These men and women feared that if these acts were permitted, futuristically, there would be no restriction on what the government could do. The Jeffersonian political party could be prohibited, or even worse ... government to deny Americans of these rights; no power other than the power of the state had the right to exercise such powers. Therefore, Jefferson declared the Sedition Act void and n...

• Word Count: 737
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... ' information while American citizens do not know about the NSA's actions. In other words, the Fourth Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures but the NSA disregards this right. Most people assert that the NSA has violated the Fourth Amendment. One of the reasons is that the NSA does not have a right to search Americans' private communications. The NSA is currently collecting the ... telephone records of millions of American citizens while the Fourth Amendment protects American citizens by securing their personal information "The Fourth Amendment of the Bill of Rights clear...

• Word Count: 775
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... and the Constitutional Convention One aspect of life that was so commonly overlooked in the 1700's was the issue of slavery. Through it played such an important role in civilization, it is unfortunate how much they were neglected in our society; even in our constitution. Slavery was never properly dealt with for a number of reasons ... Convention didn't have. At this time, the slave population was tremendous. The slave population has a immense part of the south's population and grew concerns when it came to the Constitution. The northern delegates contended that slaves should be counted i...

• Word Count: 554
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... Jesus Christ of The Latter Day Saints", have permitted and practiced polygamy in the United States within the 17th Century. When offering reasons to justify the minorities act they bring up the accounts of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob Moses, David and Solomon in Biblical times. They believe that at times the ... because church leaders regulated the practice, not just anyone could practice polygamy. Men entering this practice had to be given permission to do so and the marriages were only to be performed through the sealing power of the priesthood. So they validated the practice of polygamy wit...

• Word Count: 642
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... or not the NSA violated the Americans' right. One side believes that the NSA's actions violate the Constitution because of two reasons. The first is that the NSA recorded phone calls without a warrant from a federal judge, and did not show possible reasons, or individualized doubts. The NSA's actions broke the rule. The Fourth Amendment of the "Bill of Rights" provides: ... The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable ... cause, suppor...

• Word Count: 834
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... through which legislative initiatives must pass. At the federal level, these houses are the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. This system was set up for two reasons: It was a compromise between those who thought that democratic representation should be based on population (the House) and those who thought that the states should be represented equally (the Senate). The founding fathers thought that ... having two houses would limit the number of irrational proposals passed through Congress. The House: Members of the U.S. House of Representatives are elected every two year...

• Word Count: 416
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... . On the subject of the role that an energetic government should play, both Madison and Jefferson offer very valid and varying viewpoints. On the side that an energetic government can be bad there are some reasons to support that. The first reason could be that if the federal government is too ... active then it could overstep its bounds and start to interfere too much with state governments. A recent example of this ... is when the Federal Government tried to lower the legal blood alcohol level for drunk drivers, Wyoming refused to lower the limit and the Federal Government threatened ...

• Word Count: 703
• Approx Pages: 3

... for public safety. Although there are many safety reasons why the ownership of guns should be prohibited, these arguments are more important, not only by the need for protection, but because the restriction of ownership rights could become threatening to personal freedom and the U.S. constitution. On December 15 1791, Virginia ... regards to travel, a person can transport a firearm from place to where they may lawfully possess a firearm. In a car the firearm must be unloaded and in the trunk. In vehicles with no trunk, the unloaded firearm must be stored in a locked container," (Law). Al...

• Word Count: 2456
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... written with no constraints, there are now laws that limit certain aspects of gun ownership. The reasons for gun control fall under the flag of public safety. Though there are many safety reasons why private ownership of firearms should be banned, these arguments are outweighed not only by the ... complicated to make a simple change/addition of words. States can choose to make restrictions to state laws as long as it follows the amendments and the U.S. Constitution. For example, states can take different paths when it comes to the death penalty as long as it is constitutional. " ... ...

• Word Count: 1478
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... in several ways. States can join a confederation to become jointly powerful enough to dissuade external aggressors, and/or to prevent aggressive and preemptive wars among themselves. The confederate American states moved to a federation largely for the first of these reasons, since the center powers of the Confederacy were too weak for protection from external threats. The European ... likely. Federal arrangements may enhance the political influence of formerly sovereign governments, both by facilitating coordination, and, particularly for small states, by giving these sub-units influenc...

• Word Count: 2255
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... differently. The Alien Act stated that foreigners that seemed dangerous to the country can be removed on the order of the president. Pickering had reasons for defending the Alien Act and concerns about it. It was the same way for the Sedition Act as well, which stated that people would not be allowed to falsely accuse ... ultimate goal of being the greatest country in the world. This law was intended against those foreigners that are hostile to this country, and it allows the president to further the safety and protection of America. He also says that is absurd to believe that the Consti...

• Word Count: 457
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

... to be able to see the differences in both. The U.S. Congress and almost all the state legislatures are bicameral, meaning that there are two houses through which legislative initiatives must pass. At the federal level, these houses are the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. This system was set up for two reasons, it was a compromise between those who thought that democratic representation ... should be based on population (the House) and those who thought that the states should be represented equally (the Senate), and the founding fathers thought that having two houses wo...

• Word Count: 938
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... is a hierarchal system that places where your first moral obligations are. This system is mostly used in the military due to the high pressure and quick commands that a commanding officer might have to make. Not using this paradigm properly could lead to serious long term effect either physically like getting ... constitutional paradigm is the idea that you put everything before yourself. It's saying that you need to make sure that you think of you country and your mission before you worry about your own problems. If someone thinks that an order is trivial that the paradigm describes 4 p...

• Word Count: 798
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... in such a way is an attempt to discourage smoking. Though, forcing manufactures to do so would violate their first amendment rights and sabotage their sales and revenue by ultimately discouraging their customers from purchasing their items. A federal judge has blocked the new regulation, but doing so has ... our initial constitution governed the United States. One of the reasons why the articles were flawed was because they lacked authority and federalism and there simply was no leader, no president. The framers realized the obvious. Foreign affairs are unpredictable and involve the highe...

• Word Count: 1180
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... The reason that it took such a large number of people to agree to the changes is that it should not be changed for minor reasons. (Katz 1974) The first ten amendments to the Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights. Although the individual rights of American citizens were ... armed with state-of-the-art military firearms. When the British said that the American colonists did not have the right to keep and bear arms and marched to Concord to gather weapons from the Americans, the Revolutionary War began. (Roleff 1997) Many families (during this period of ... time) had a gun in their...

• Word Count: 1593
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... control laws are strengthened because it will mean that many people will not be allowed to possess and bear firearms for personal defense and security reasons as before. Currently, the gun control laws only prohibit individuals who have mental challenges and have criminal records from purchasing, keeping, and bearing arms, but other people (without these mentioned constructs) may be infringed their right to bear ... government to strengthen gun control laws because it will increase the circulation of illegal arms on the black market and fuel crime rate in the country. However, statistic...

• Word Count: 2270
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... come without many hardships. The blacks might have been freed from there slavery but that meant they had to go out and fend for themselves. And for a person with no education, no money, and no experience with anything but farming it is really hard to survive. To help aid these ex-slaves there where groups ... like the Freedmen's Bureau. The Freedmen's Bureau had many goals like; to cloth blacks, supply them with surplus food from the war, give them job training, and provide them with a means of getting an education. Even though the Freedmen's Bureau had very good aspirations about helpin...

• Word Count: 662
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... Federalist is referred to as "the father of the constitution" who is called James Madison and in order to convince those to support the constitution he, among others, wrote up different papers that gave reasons as to why the constitution should be ratified called the Federalist papers. In the tenth paper ... Madison writes about factions. He believes that factions will forever separate the country from becoming a union and that these factions are brought up by the ... with a completely opposite opinion it could start a conflict that could lead to a great downfall. This disrespect could ...

• Word Count: 668
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

... of the September 11th terrorist attacks. Attorney General John Ashcroft has played a pivotal role in ushering in a new era of heightened security and lessened civil liberties. Under Ashcroft's direction Congress has passed several pieces of legislation, namely the USA Patriot Act, which amends the Foreign ... It is illegal under the Act for librarians to inform patrons of FBI requests. Law enforcement official could abuse their power of search and seizure and the public would never know. In a survey done in December of 2001, 10% of libraries serving populations of over 5,000 reported ......

• Word Count: 1358
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... threatened use of force or violence by a person or organized group against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing societies or governments, often for ideological or political reasons. This definition was used for the occurance that happened to the United States of America on September 11th, 2001 when the president of the United States, George Bush stated, ... 06 a.m.: United Airlines jet crashes into 2 World Trade Center, the south tower. 9:17 a.m.: Federal Aviation Administration closes all New York City airports. 9:30 a.m.: Trading at the New York Stock Excha...

• Word Count: 1030
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

... protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution to invalidate a state law. The courts found West Virginia's law to be discriminatory, and the law was invalidated. This decision established the rights of African Americans to be seated as jurors.  Race discrimination was not the only ... to them. She stated that "it reinforces the notion that they are not persons with full civic responsibility as well as rights and their assistance in administration of justice is not really needed by the community." Jurors have the responsibility for rendering a verdict not ... make com...

• Word Count: 1906
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... bank therefore preventing Jackson from vetoing. However, Jackson did veto the bill, causing Webster to accuse Jackson of being antagonizing and a coward of political gain. He believed Jackson wanted to do away with the Second Bank based on personal reasons rather than the concern of being unconstitutional. However, in the long run, Jackson was accurate about the corruption of the ... Congress that they would prevent any mail from entering the state, if continued, material regarding abolition (Doc F). In 1835, in Jackson's message to Congress, he attacked the abolitionist and their publ...

• Word Count: 2087
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of the widespread use of photo ID in daily life. The Commonwealth's asserted interest in protecting public confidence in elections is a relevant and legitimate state interest sufficiently weighty to justify the burden." This judge based his decision on the ruling of an 1869 Pennsylvania court case ... those that to do not possess the proper identification needed to cast a ballot. Among these alternative options are provisional ballots, signed affidavits, and the use of absentee ballots. Most states with strict laws, requiring state-issued ID cards, are allowing voters without them to cas...

• Word Count: 2997
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate