... concept of mathematics, dissect the word. The word mathema is a noun from the verb manthano meaning a subject connected with learning. When broken down into its two main branches, arithmetic and geometry , which mean respectively study of numbers and the measuring of the earth. The name algebra itself is Arabic , though the Greek mathematician Diophantus developed it in some depth. Mathematics were ... philosophers were said to have used geometry more than Egyptians. Thales was said to have come up with these four basic principles. 1) a circle is bisected by its diameter. 2) The angles ...

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... "Discours de la method pour bien conduire sa raison et chercher la verite dans les sciences", "La Dioptrique", "Les Meteores," and most importantly "La Geometrie." In The Geometry, Descartes unites topics of Algebra and Geometry in a way that no other had done (no other had so specifically linked the two together). Descartes believed that Math was absolute just as he was absolute ... of mechanics in "Principia Philosophiae." His goal was to create a single all-encompassing study that was based on the principals of mathematics. Although he never accomplished this, his work in geometry an...

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... or was involved in. Most of the history that they wrote was on the Peloponnesian war. During the Hellenistic Period, science were the mathematicians, Alexandrian Euclid created the study of geometry. Archimedes was one of the greatest ancient Greek mathematicians. He calculated the value of Pi, which is identified to be the circumference of a circle and also explored important aspects of ... understood the health and how it influenced by diet and environment. Pythagoras' major contribution was his mathematical contributions. He believed that everything can be reduced using an easier way...

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... : "you know that a square figure is like this" (82b) "Do you agree?" (82e) " is it not?" (83c). In reality the language and persuasion Socrates uses teaches the attendant about the geometry of which attendant had no prior knowledge, even in his soul. It was through Socrates" lesson that he came to the appropriate reasoning. He gave answers such as: "yes" (85b ... of Socrates. Meno would often respond with "Definitely" (76c), "it does" (76e), and "certainly" (97b). This is the same sort of answers the attendant employs to answer Socrates" questions about geometry. This is significant beca...

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... the nature of science. Plato was a believer in the "quadrivium" which is about four math fields of study in the liberal arts, which begins with arithmetic, then to plane geometry, solid geometry, and lastly astronomy and harmonics. Plato believed that knowledge was "forgotten" at birth, and was able to be remembered. Plato also believed that all substances are composed of either air ... ...

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... answers. Socrates answers all Meno's questions. By doing so, Meno gets perplex and forces us to think. To defend the theory of recollection Socrates uses many examples such as the geometry problem with the slave boy. With each wrong answer from the boy, Socrates proceeds to lead Meno to the correct conclusion. At the end of the problem, the slave boy ... proves that the exercise can be recalled. He has a general sense of equality and has acquired his true opinions through recollection. Meno is finally convinced of Socrates theory. Following the geometry exercise, Socrates discusses the ...

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... knowledge (71). Thus, the immortal soul is able to recollect all things before, including virtue. To support his argument, Socrates asks one of Meno's slaves who had never been taught geometry. He gives a series of geometrical problems and asks the slave to work them out and answer the questions. The slave arrives at the correct answer after "recollecting", meaning he must ... remains unclear, because the main question "what is virtue?" has no definite answer. Socrates arrives at the conclusion that knowledge is recollection by asking the slave, who was never taught geometry, numerous q...

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... . Right in line with his theory of Forms Plato uses mathematics as his example in the dialogue with the boy, trying to demonstrate that he has some concept of the geometry of a square. Plato had hoped that this philosophical inquiry could yield similar results as what were later displayed in the Republic with his concept of justice by examining what was ... not knowing what justice is, or what beauty and goodness is. The same is true with the boy in Meno, he is not able to completely grasp these concepts of geometry because he is just imitating the Forms from knowledge in a previous life...

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... sciences. The sciences-the theoretical sciences-are to be axiomatised. What are their axioms to be? What conditions must a proposition satisfy to count as an axiom? By what rules will theorems be deduced from axioms? These are some questions Aristotle poses in his logical writings and in particular in the works known as Prior and Posterior Analytics. Metaphysics is the name ... ...

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... , 1956, p. 129) Thus, Plato (1956) is declaring that the soul is the source of knowledge for the learner. Plato expands on this declaration by having Socrates question a slave boy about a geometry problem. Socrates' questions help the boy discover the answer about a concept he believed not to be cognizant of. This experience highlights the notion Plato espouses: that learning the truth is ... ...

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... Germany and ideas resembled that of Napleon I (2). The French government invited him to explain more details to them. While in Paris he met Huygens which led him to start studying geometry. In 1667, he had written ideas on combinations and also a description of a new calculating machine. "In this work Leibniz aimed to reduce all reasoning and discovery to a combination of basic ... ...

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... guidance that they can come to actively know. Through questioning, knowledge is recovered from within. A good example of this is the part of Meno when Socrates questions a slave boy about a geometry problem. The boy seemed to know nothing about Socrates" problem. However, through a series of questions, the boy actually knew the answer without knowing he solved the problem. Although Socrates" beliefs ... ...

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... solar system. Eratosthenes calculated that the earth's circumference was 24,662 miles and was within 1 percent of our modern calculations. Euclid, a highly regarded mathematician, wrote the elements, which contained 465 geometry propositions and proofs. Another important scientist, Archimedes of Syracuse, accurately estimated the value of pi. He also explained the law of the lever and invented the pulley to lift heavy ... ...

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... solar system. Eratosthenes calculated that the earth's circumference was 24,662 miles and was within 1 percent of our modern calculations. Euclid, a highly regarded mathematician, wrote the elements, which contained 465 geometry propositions and proofs. Another important scientist, Archimedes of Syracuse, accurately estimated the value of pi. He also explained the law of the lever and invented the pulley to lift heavy ... ...

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... Theories of Relativity that this "general knowledge" was disproved. Indeed, the popular misconception of gravity as a force still pervades Academia. Gravity is more accurately defined as the curvature of the geometry of space-time and certainly not a force. The purpose of this historical example is to elucidate the problems inherent to Plato's definition of knowledge. Newton's proposition was recognized, justifiably, as ... ...

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... is a conversation among earnest minds. The Poetics, by Aristotle, is one of the most important books ever written in the theory of tragedy, literary criticism, and aesthetics. Poetics talked about geometry and Bible that in sixteenth and eighteenth centuries were "held by many leading dramatists" critics it beyond question". This book, the poetics, was a plays that is based upon an empirical ... ...

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... assent on the senses until he is certain that his clear and distinct perceptions are indubitable. Even though Descartes doubt composite things, he cannot doubt the simple and universal parts. Geometry and arithmetic escape the arguments about illusion and dreaming because it "contains something certain and indubitable" (Descartes 466). One can dream that two and three is six, but it is ... ...

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... of one object in order to get "just the right look on film- (6). Photography is more than capturing reality; it becomes a quest to capture reality at the right light or angle. Sometimes, backgrounds are fuzzy and shade covers parts of scene so that not everything that was present at the time the photograph was taken is present in the photograph itself ... ...

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