... a streamline of action. It is a set of logical, coherent, interrelated concepts, which attempt to explain some observable phenomena or group of facts. Review of the literature provides awareness of the facts and researcher gets a guideline for the inquiry of the problem. Theory is a systematic explanation for the observed facts and laws that are related ... Desai: 1985). Rose Gillombardo (1992) compiled a book "Juvenile Delinquent", which contained different studies, lectures and workshops on juvenile delinquency. This collection introduces the most important literature in the field. He ...

• Word Count: 2056
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Consistent research has been conducted analyzing the problems that youth face in today's world. Most research has focused on urban regions of the U.S. However, in recent years, more literature has emerged addressing concerns of rural youth. The distinct similarities between urban and rural youth problems are still not being addressed. Most people believe that rural students have remained isolated ... one of the largest problems with solving this situation (Huff, 1996). "The salience of interpersonal conflict among adolescents and the negative consequences for adolescent victims and per...

• Word Count: 2073
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

... -risk offenders would penetrate the system more deeply and evidence higher recidivism rates in the absence of effective programs. Effects of Prosecution Practices on Different Ethnic Minorities A voluminous amount of literature exists about impacts on racial and ethnic minorities of court and correctional decision-making (Hawkins & Kempf-Leonard, 2005; Howell, 2006, 2009). The ... literature on front-end decision-making finds that "minority youths are more likely than whites to be arrested, referred to court, and detained by police " (Bishop, 2005, p. 45). Bishop's (2005) review ... , ch...

• Word Count: 2448
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... fact represented himself better? I then decided to attack this problem head on the best way I knew how to and was taught, through research. Statement of the Problem I have search for literature addressing this issue and have found none addressing the topic directly. The issue of allowing an individual to waive their rights to be represented by legal counsel and represent themselves ... whether a defendant feels satisfied: regardless of a verdict not in their favor, with how well they felt they were prepared for their trial. Research Question/Hypothesis For the purpose of this study the f...

• Word Count: 2230
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... uniform as better behaved and exhibiting greater achievement; and, teachers but not students indicated that uniforms enhance school safety. In terms of security personnel in the schools, the study demonstrates that officers that bond with individual students can have a positive effect on them; that some officers have contributed to drug use and sexual harassment; and little research ... on training of and effectiveness of security guards for reducing crime and violence exists. Creates Barriers IDEA The literature suggests that zero tolerance polices interfere with a right to education. ...

• Word Count: 1612
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... 18. The majority of imprisoned mothers are single parents who primarily committed non-violent crimes such as drug possession, shoplifting, fraud and prostitution (Wirpsa, 1998). According to Justice Work literature, a closer look into women involved in the criminal justice system shows that they are there because of lack of education, poverty, homelessness, drug addictions, and spousal abuse. Leslie Acoca ... risk of more complex medical problems a fact that the male-oriented correctional systems fail to recognize" (Acoca, 1998). According to the 1996 National Counsel on Crime and Delinq...

• Word Count: 1373
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... isn't around', Hall told detectives (Wallace, 2013). Hall was aware of the unfair treatment his mother was receiving and sought to address it. Agnew's (1992:57) research in the stress literature led him to the discovery that the removal of positive stimuli can also cause strain. Strain experienced by the individual due to the loss could invoke delinquency as the individual ... . Thus, Hall took the initiative in killing his father, to put an end to the long-standing strains in the household. Overall, Agnew's theory is highly applicable to my case study that revolves around juvenile crime...

• Word Count: 2185
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Criminal Justice Sciences, American Society of Criminology, and the Law and Society Association. The presidents were asked to answer some general questions on the basis of your knowledge of the literature and research in criminology.The questions asked were relating to deterrence issues. When asked if they believe or feel that the death penalty acts as a deterrent to murder or that ... nonracial factors, he concluded that a person acaccused of killing a white was 4.3 times more likely to be sentenced to death than a person accused of killing a black. Also, Stanford Law Review published ...

• Word Count: 1635
• Approx Pages: 7

... in fact, there were two killers, both of whom were black, and living out of their car. Some academic researchers share the same skepticism as these critics. A review of the literature on the subject of Homicide Studies in 2000, concluded that there is "almost nothing in the way of scientific studies to support the claims of the profilers" (Glazer, 11). In ... one of the studies, FBI profilers were given a series of actual cases and asked to prepare profiles of the probable killer. The study found that the profilers were not especially accurate on homicide cases. Some researchers say tha...

• Word Count: 1457
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... but the increase was linked to the percentage of non-violent violations such as shoplifting, check forgery, welfare fraud, substance abuse and possession of illegal drug crimes (Flanders 1994). A 1990 study by the American Correctional Association indicated that female offenders are typically young, poor, African American and mothers. These females have run away from home, twenty-five percent have attempted suicide ... . These tools were originally developed as measurements of male recidivism and researchers have attempted cross-utilization for determination of predictors of female recid...

• Word Count: 1540
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... characteristics, including a comprehensive approach, starting early and involving parents. Although few prevention programs have been evaluated, some federal programs are now funding evaluations to examine some prevention programs. One particular study in New York City schools used conflict resolutions and peer mediation training to reduce student fighting. Seventy-one percent of teachers observed less physical violence among the students that participated ... . Violence-prevention literature and experts consistently associate at least seven characteristics with promising school based vi...

• Word Count: 1395
• Approx Pages: 6

... little importance. This can be detrimental for the fight for victim's rights. The media is a powerful factor in affecting the way people view crime and the resulting victims. II. Scholarly Literature Review of Victims in the Media, and Media Images. Drama television shows are not the only place victims and victimization are evident. Television news is continually reporting on violent crimes ... on the victim's body, Dr. Macy tells Dr. Winslow that the wound is no big deal and he shouldn't be bothering him. V. Conclusion Before I examined the data gathered for this study, I believed the ...

• Word Count: 1778
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... . (136-7). The porn was now coming out. Sturman at this time was making hundreds of millions of dollars. In 1970, the citizens for decent literature convinced the president for a commission on pornography and obscenity. They had a study that concluded that whatever you did behind closed door is your own decision. The feel that the government should not be involved with what goes ... ...

• Word Count: 2124
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School