... use guns for self - defense annually. Guns also provide vulnerable women with some form of protection against rape and other violent crime. Recently, Orlando, Florida saw an increase in the number of rapes over a twelve - month period from 12.8 per 100,000 to 35.9 per100,000. Women in ... Orlando were afraid to go out alone, even in the daytime. Citizens of Orlando demanded that something be done. Something was done. the Orlando Police Department set up a program to train women to use handguns. Over three thousand women armed ... themselves and took training courses. As a result, Orland...

• Word Count: 3071
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... use guns for self - defense annually. Guns also provide vulnerable women with some form of protection against rape and other violent crime. Recently, Orlando, Florida saw an increase in the number of rapes over a twelve - month period from 12.8 per 100,000 to 35.9 per100,000. Women in ... Orlando were afraid to go out alone, even in the daytime. Citizens of Orlando demanded that something be done. Something was done. the Orlando Police Department set up a program to train women to use handguns. Over three thousand women armed ... themselves and took training courses. As a result, Orland...

• Word Count: 2982
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... Park Service and became part of the National Monument. Monticello Architect: Thomas Jefferson Location: Charlottesville, Virginia Date: 1768-1782 Building Type: Colonial House Construction System: Brick Masonry Climate: Warm Temperature Rural Context: Colonial Georgian Fact: Remodeled between 1796-1808 Notes: Monticello is the autobiographical masterpiece of Thomas Jefferson, designed, redesigned, built, and rebuilt for ... the heart of the Black Hills region are also evident at Mount Rushmore, including large outcrops of granite and mica schist. Arlington National Cemetery Architect: L...

• Word Count: 3266
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... in the Union," was not among the "... enumerated powers granted to Congress." the National Banking Act and the authorization of United States Notes by the Legal Tender Act of 1862. The Revenue Act of 1861 introduced the income tax to help finance the war. In December 1860 ... South regarded it as insufficient. Nonetheless, the remaining eight slave states rejected pleas to join the Confederacy following a two-to-one no-vote in Virginia's First Secessionist Convention on April 4, 1861. On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln was sworn in as President. In his inaugural address, he argued ... $1...

• Word Count: 7511
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... with abandon. As John K. Galbraith noted, "every location large enough to have a church, a tavern, or a blacksmith shop was deemed a suitable place for setting up a bank. These banks issued notes, and other, more surprising enterprises, imitating the banks, did likewise. Even barbers and bartenders competed with banks in this respect" (Flaherty, 1997: http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/usbank/bank03 ... Bank of England, the British economy operated on the basis of a funded national debt, it had a large "paper capital" base, and most importantly, the Bank of England issued notes that were con...

• Word Count: 3632
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... of wholly state owned banks or loan offices to issue inconvertible currency. Many states adopted measures to bolster or expand the money supply, including attempts to outlaw depreciation of bank notes. Four western states-Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, and Tennessee-went to the length of establishing state owned inconvertible paper. The measures were only adopted after keen controversy. Many writers ... future ones. Various plans were offered (in addition to insistence on strict adherence to specie payments): for example, banks should be allowed only in cities; prohibition of small denomi...

• Word Count: 3048
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... at the time of Independence, both lacked established churches, whereas Virginia had an established church. In 1689, Great Britain had passed a religious Act of Toleration, but this meant little for American colonies.4 In his Notes on the State of Virginia, Thomas Jefferson highlighted the fact that in 17th century Virginia, it was punishable for "parents to refuse to have their children ... baptized," and for various other offenses.5 Sheriffs imprisoned Baptists living within Virginia; Baptist ministers were not given permission to preach their own religion, ... and were prey to physic...

• Word Count: 3342
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in the Union," was not among the "... enumerated powers granted to Congress." the National Banking Act and the authorization of United States Notes by the Legal Tender Act of 1862. The Revenue Act of 1861 introduced the income tax to help finance the war. In December 1860 ... South regarded it as insufficient. Nonetheless, the remaining eight slave states rejected pleas to join the Confederacy following a two-to-one no-vote in Virginia's First Secessionist Convention on April 4, 1861. On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln was sworn in as President. In his inaugural address, he argued ... $...

• Word Count: 6922
• Approx Pages: 28
• Has Bibliography

... the "separate but equal" decision of Plessy V. Ferguson in 1896, many Americans decided to push for equality. In 1952 the Supreme Court was approached by four states, Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware, along with the District of Columbia, challenging the segregation in public schools. They wanted desegregation because they felt that the current segregation was unequal and that their freedoms ... . James K. Kilpatrick, editor of the Richmond News Leader noted "Here were the colored students, in coats, white shirts, ties, and one of them was reading Goethe and one was taking n...

• Word Count: 6511
• Approx Pages: 26
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... workers employ in Florida the first demand for seasonal harvest labor occurs in South Carolina. From there, they provide to whoever needs work (Heaps 170). As Heaps notes in his book, beginning in May, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York need harvesters, but the problem is few workers move into the New England states where work is limited. On ... the northern trip up, some workers stay in New Jersey and New York while others spend most of their time in Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Depending on the crop, they are picking and how long they plan to be ...

• Word Count: 2724
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... this happening to them. Few weeks traveling through the sea was over, then came the arrival for the Africans to arrive on American soil of Virginia, slaves were largely treated as property to be freely bought and sold. It was a difficult time for the slaves; their families were being ... was one young slave that made headlines about being pregnant by Thomas Jefferson and her self and her name was Sally Hemings, born in 1773 in the state of Virginia, a slave of African and European descent; Hemings, along with her mother and siblings, moved to Monticello where Thomas Jefferson lives. When ...

• Word Count: 3713
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... particular portion of the Act would be the ground for the Court's intercession in the case of Martin v. Hunter's Lessee in 1816. The state of Virginia confiscated some 300,000 acres of land, which at one point belonged to Britain's Lord Fairfax, and proceeded to grant a portion of this land to ... British, however, to have land titles in the United States, causing the original title of Lord Fairfax to remain valid. The Virginia Court did not agree with this, leading to the "writ of error" and reversal by the Supreme Court. This decision demonstrated to the jurists of ... came great spec...

• Word Count: 4341
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... just yet another example of the daily division between races during apartheid. Yet when they all left, the sense of ostracism and separation was strong in their hearts. The Blue Notes mixture of township jazz, political lyrics, and other European musical influences made their music some of the most liberating to be produced in Europe during the three decades of apartheid ... and emphatically it seemed to define some of these possibilities for life in South Africa without apartheid. Critics said there was nothing tentative and unsure about Graceland, from the first notes you knew it was ...

• Word Count: 3760
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography

... , and a founder of the Democratic Party. Jefferson's interests and talents covered an amazing range. He became one of the leading American architects of his time and designed the Virginia Capitol, the University of Virginia, and his own home, Monticello. He greatly appreciated art and music and tried to encourage their advancement in the United States. He arranged for the famous French sculptor ... . Jefferson invented a decoding device, a lap desk, and an improved type of moldboard plow. His collection of more than 6,400 books became a major part of the Library of Congress. Jefferson rev...

• Word Count: 3135
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... John Brown was a minister who was an active abolitionist. In 1859, he and twenty-two other men attacked the federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Brown was caught and was sentenced to death. His raid only split ties between the North and South further. Many other abolitionists attacked the south before ... fun at all, that people die in wars. Meanwhile, Grant and his forces were pressing hard on Lee's troops in northern Virginia. Grant's determination finally showed through when the Union army finally passed through and went south of Richmond. There was a bloody standoff between fo...

• Word Count: 3729
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

... and Proper Clause; the General Welfare Clause; the Supremacy Clause; and the Tenth Amendment's reservation of powers to the states "or to the people." In December of 1791, Virginia became the ninth state to ratify the Bill of Rights, thus assuring its inclusion in the newly created Constitution. The reserved powers proposal (originally the Twelfth Amendment) became the ... coalesced around a common view that the unamended Constitution was inadequate because it lacked a Bill of Rights. Several states, including Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, South Carolina, and Virginia, adopted ...

• Word Count: 5600
• Approx Pages: 22
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... . Six other states eventually ratified the amendment, bringing the total to forty-two. Only Connecticut, Florida, Rhode Island, and Utah failed in its attempts to ratify the amendment. Pennsylvania and Virginia never attempted to ratify. The first modern income tax soon followed, with a progressive structure, shown below, along with 1994 income equivalents (Paul 97-98, Witte 75, table- Waltman 29, www ... of 1916 was, of course, to raise revenue, but lawmakers saw it as a temporary measure, or at least that worked when the traveled back to their constituents. But, as Waltman notes, "The ...

• Word Count: 2725
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... human being are not accepted as standardized, and this indicates that there are serious difficulties in evaluating the exact specifics of how a human being is mentally impaired. As one source notes: "For the issue of mental retardation, though, is not simply an issue of IQ that indicates that there is a degree of impairment. There have to be other areas of social ... killer due to a disparity in DNA samples. At that time, Washington agreed that he was not the killer, and he received a full pardon from the courts and the state of Virginia. The implications of these disparities in the pro...

• Word Count: 5114
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... in the early 50's and 60's. They were originally formed to, "protect each other and to monopolize illegal activity such as gambling, trading contraband, narcotics trafficking, and committing contract murders" (Orlando-Morningstar, 1997, p. 1). Prison gangs have become better structured over the years. Prison officials did not see the problem until the explosion of street gang members being put in prison in ... use codes and ciphers. Codes are words that have a specific meaning for something else. An example of this is the Black Guerilla Family term of, "Annette Brookes means Aryan Broth...

• Word Count: 4105
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Warr who ordered the settlers back to Jamestown and imposed a strict military regime on the colony. He took aggressive military action against the Indians. 5. 1625- About 1200 survived in Virginia, out of the nearly 8000. E. Cultural Clash in the Chesapeake 1. 1607- Cheiftain Powhatan had loose control over neighboring Indian tribes. He accepted the English settlers as possible allies ... Pocahontas to colonist John Rolfe. 3. A weak peace lasted for 8 years until the Indians struck back after settlers continued to press inland. 347 settlers were killed, including John Rolfe. Virginia Comp...

• Word Count: 4368
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... , Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin. "Web cam" abortions are abortions that are done chemically via a video conferencing system where the abortionist is in one location and used the closed ... abortions include: Alaska, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Vermont, Washington and West Virginia. States ...

• Word Count: 2668
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... their rallying cry in the famous slogan, laissez-faire, laissez-passer." The Physiocrats exerted a profound influence on Adam Smith, who had spent time in France in the 1760s and whose classic "The Wealth of Nations" embodied the Physiocratic attack on mercantilism and argued that nations get rich by practicing free trade. Of Smith, Turgot, and the Physiocrats, the great French political ... spoke at a Jewish synagogue. During the Revolution, many members of the Continental Congress attended sermons preached by Presbyterian John Witherspoon. While Thomas Jefferson worked to separate chu...

• Word Count: 2777
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Thurgood assisted Huston in the George Crawford case. George Crawford an Afro American man charge with murdering a white man in Loudon County, Virginia. Thurgood and Huston fought hard for George, but the jury found him guilty and gave him life in prison. Thurgood and Huston ... Judiciary Committee, is currently the legislative -affairs coordinator for the Office of Vice President. Thurgood's other son John is a member of the Virginia State Police. Thurgood Marshall known throughout the world as Mr. Civil Rights, help shape and mold the racial segregation fight and used the constitution ...

• Word Count: 10466
• Approx Pages: 42
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Blaze Starr and Judith Campbell Exner, lover of reputed Mafia boss Sam Giancana. "They are only a few of the better-known paramours with whom JFK has been linked," University of Virginia government professor Larry Sabato writes in his book "Feeding Frenzy," "not to mention a healthy dose of anonymous airline stewardesses, secretaries and aides. By many credible accounts, John F. Kennedy was not ... ", says Shirley Anne Warshaw, associate professor of political science at Gettysburg College and author of "The Domestic Presidency". The Clinton-Lewinsky story "is all based on a series of le...

• Word Count: 4649
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... a departure from the Monroe Doctrine that gave the United States the authority to intervene in European colonial affairs. During his presidency and in the years that followed, as Conrad Black notes, Roosevelt "abruptly raised the curtain on a new age of America's consciousness of itself and its presence in the world" " (Black 285). Roosevelt was unabashed regarding his support for military ... inserted a democratic government in Germany and maintained a strong military presence within its borders in order to secure its interests in Europe for the remainder of the twentieth century. As ...

• Word Count: 5653
• Approx Pages: 23
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate