... began military operations to fight against invading nations. The Axis also invaded the Soviet Union. In retaliation, Tito had members of the Communist party organize and carry out guerilla attacks on Axis forces. During this time a Yugoslavian leader, Colonel Draza Mihajlovic, was gaining recognition. Unlike Tito, Mihajlovic wanted to restore the old Yugoslavian ruling order that had governed the ... Communist bloc. This would undermine Tito's rule and result in Yugoslavia becoming a Soviet satellite. Tito did not agree with Stalin and was then expelled from the Cominform. After Stalin'...

• Word Count: 1552
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... on weapons and defence, because out of it the people of the USSR had a Third World standard of housing, health, transport and living standard in general. Another problem that had occurred before the reign of Gorbachev was in Afghanistan where Soviet troops had attacked to stop the civil war. It led to the death ... that has to be mentioned are the leaders before Gorbachev, beginning the earliest with Stalin, who ruled as an dictator and destroyed the work on farms threw his collectivisation. Even to that time there existed food shortages and until now this problem hasn't been solved. Khru...

• Word Count: 1290
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... in Korea, which saw NATO's power expand. Weapons use increased and then a decision came to arm West Germany, and to create a European army. Then in March 1953 Russia witnessed the death of their leader, Stalin. "During his quarter-century of dictatorial control, Stalin had overseen impressive development in the Soviet Union. From a comparatively backward agricultural society, the country had been transformed ... money used in weapons production and in maintaining a huge army, so a peaceful relationship with Russia would be quite beneficial. Russia also thought that they were spending a hu...

• Word Count: 2491
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... reduced the transportation of aid into the south it didn't stop it, huge amounts of equipment was still being moved. Upon bombing, the people on the trails would retreat into tunnels to avoid being hit. The Americans also had another aerial intervention in the form of the defoliant Agent Orange ... and damage their morale. Although the Tet Offensive in January 1968 was a military failure for the VC, they gained a massive psychological edge. On the holiday of Tet, the VC simultaneously attacked dozens of South Vietnamese cities across the country. Although the majority were quickly repell...

• Word Count: 1558
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... Germany had conquered Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France Roosevelt convened a special session of Congress and asked it to lift the embargo on the sale of weapons, a provision that primarily hurt the European countries opposed to Hitler and Germany, known as the Allies. After a sharp debate ... Harbor he had spoken with Prime Minister Churchill in a naval vessel off Newfoundland, Canada, and had joined in issuing the Atlantic Charter on August 14, 1941. This document denied any desire for any territorial changes not desired by the peoples concerned. It also stressed th...

• Word Count: 1384
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... and punishment effective? Many observers believe that the Castro regime is in its final hour (Enrique A. Baloyra). When Castro declared Cuba a socialist state on April 16, 1961, for the next 30 years, he pursued close relations with the Soviet Union. Relations between the U.S. and Cuba deteriorated rapidly as ... reach out to the people of Cuba to make their lives tolerable. " First, we will develop bipartisan legislation to meet humanitarian food needs on the island. Second, we will streamline and expedite the issuance of licenses for the sale of medical supplies to Cuba. Third, we will...

• Word Count: 1593
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... court judge. During World War II he served in the U.S. Marine Corps, becoming a Captain during his service in the Pacific. In 1946 he was elected on the Republican ticket, as Wisconsin's senator. McCarthy was not popular until he made a speech in February 1950, claiming that the State Department was "infested" with ... influential. By using widely publicized hearings, the use of unidentified informers, and reckless accusation, McCarthy kept pursuing those he called Communists. Lives were ruined on the smallest hint of evidence, however his methods were beginning to be attacked by the pre...

• Word Count: 1354
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography

... up in the tangle of blind paranoia, and there was nothing that could be done except fuel the fire more by perpetuating the "witch hunt". Joseph McCarthy burst onto the scene at the forefront of this fiasco, claiming that the United States government was replete with communist spies or sympathizers. His timely claims caught a heightened America off guard and sent the ... the possibility that American officials had Communist motivations. Hiss was accused of spying in association with the Soviet Union, and former Soviet spy Whittaker Chambers produced government documents allegedly created...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... was a spy. Then, Chamber produced a microfilm of government documents which claimed that Hiss was guilty of espionage. But the government never responded to Chamber. Later on, Richard Nixon, the young conservative republican congress man, became famous by accusing Alger Hiss as a spy (Doc J). Alger Hiss, first, claimed that he was ... were dangerous communists. Unfortunately, after McCarthy's lies, the Rosenbergs (who were also spies) (Doc G), rocked the nation even more than the Hiss cases had. On September 3, 1947, Americans learned that the Soviet Union had exploded an atomic bomb, an...

• Word Count: 1564
• Approx Pages: 6

... first to be allowed to work in combat zones during World War II. She was one of the first photographers to enter and document the death camps and made history with the publication of her haunting photos of the Depression in the book You Have Seen Their Faces, a collaboration with ... asked for another overseas assignment. The editors arranged to have her accredited to the U.S. Army Air Force. Now both Life and the Air Force used her pictures. The first uniform for a woman war correspondent was designed for her, and she loved it. She returned to England and photographed the B-17 bombers ...

• Word Count: 1628
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... to buy a dead body over the internet? Again, even the title of this story is pretty straight forward since the protagonist is literally buying Lenin but on EBay (how creepy is that?). The story starts with a grandson leaving a message to his grandfather telling that he is leaving for America to study. ... to be a communist dupe. The grandfather is dedicated communist who still believes in the ideals of Lenin even if communism has died. As the story goes on, there is a back and forth between the grandfather`s past and the present days communication between the grandson and the grandfather....

• Word Count: 1782
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

... the revolutionary communistic ideals and work together as one unit to become a more dominant state domestically and internationally. Man with a Movie Camera focused on educating the masses and emphasized that everyone in Russia should do their jobs with maximum effort like an efficient machine. Vertov achieved this goal ... people of Russia that working as a team was the key to success than a fictional film. The film's "mission was not to create pictures for fiction and old literature but to surpass the limitations of the human eye" (Vertov). Along the Montage movement, Vertov took shots...

• Word Count: 2028
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... brings out "the opposite effect from what is intended or presented" (A Handbook of Literature), to satire the totalitarian regime. The following parts will emphasise on several of the victories to find out how the effect is achieved. By first comparing living conditions in Oceania, the totalitarian state in the novel, ... possible for Winston even "to fill a pipe up to the top" (61), and yet the ration, like every other daily necessaries, is always on the decrease. Turning now to the real wine OBrien drinks. Of course it has decent color as well as desirable taste. And certainly it is th...

• Word Count: 1303
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography

... their living standard improving, it seems apparent to a reporter who has covered Cuba since prerevolutionary days that they will continue to do so. For a closer on-the-scene look at life in Communist Cuba today-- Living Standards: On the Rise Even the most skeptical foreign residents of Havana admit that life today for the average Cuban is better than when Castro took over ... to a Communist state that systematically directs their lives and indoctrinates them in the hatred of capitalism. Everything that Cubans see on television, hear on radio or read in their newspapers has been careful...

• Word Count: 1369
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... years industrially behind major European nation-states and even Western nation-states before Stalin's emergence as the leader of the Soviet Union. Upon Lenin's death, Stalin assumed political power is wanting to transform the USSR into a communist nation-state and also wanting the Soviet Union to industrialize. Stalin ... had the equipment to conquer Abyssinia. They bombed them; used chemical weapons and mustard gas that caused the death of quarter of a million Abyssinians. Because of this, economic sanctions were imposed on Italy by other European nation-states so he then turned to Hitl...

• Word Count: 2214
• Approx Pages: 9

... did not go unanswered they caused little result. In Austria and Germany there was a wave of strikes, "a spontaneous movement of workers generated by a sudden reduction of bread rations" (Julius Braunthal) however "with strikes alone you can't compel an imperialist government to sign revolutionary peace proposals" (Otto Bauer). Also during this period was the introduction of the Commintern ... . Also during this period was Stalin's aim of industrialization and collectivization. Collectivization would allow for optimum proficiency as machines would produce more produce then small farms, pea...

• Word Count: 1433
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... if they can keep strong relations with oil producing nations and continue to privatize industry the economy should become stable and continue to grow without too many setbacks. The political scene in Armenia is very western friendly, and does not seem to be a cause for great concern. Many political parties allow for a wide variety of political ideologies, but the government has ... promising for the small nation of Armenia. After a long history of power struggles and changes of regimes, it seems that Armenia will be able to survive and if they stay on the current course, they will even ...

• Word Count: 1451
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Marshal Plan-June 1947. The Marshall Plan provided the second half of the Truman Doctrine. It was the other pea in the containment pod. At a Commencement speech at Harvard University on June 5, 1947, Secretary of State George C. Marshall called for massive aid to European countries struggling with the economic burden of reconstruction after the war. Marshall's plan directly liked U.S. ... Act exemplified a particular aspect of the Cold War, and permanently altered the way the U.S. engaged in foreign conflicts. The National Security Act essentially allowed for war-like actions on the part...

• Word Count: 1911
• Approx Pages: 8

... underwent as a result of his play's storyline. Miller recalls that "Death of a Salesman questioned the ethos of the business civilization, which the play intimates has no real respect for individual human beings so to put a play on where somebody who believes in the system, as Willy Loman does to ... communism that the cold war brought to Americans. Commonly ideological films did not make large amounts of profits; studios still produced anti-communist pictures with hopes of winning over politicians and other spheres of influence, for a low price. It is clear why the government would look...

• Word Count: 1556
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... began in Russia in about 1915 It was the year that Malevich revealed his Suprematist compositions that reduced painting to total abstraction. and rid the pictures of any reference whatsoever to the visual world. He is credited with being the first artist to do this; that is, forsake the visual ... other Avant Garde movements. Probably the most popular piece at his 1915 exhibition was "BLACK SQUARE" (real name "suprematist composition". It's basically a black square on a slightly larger white square that forms a border around it. It was hung in the exhibition in the way an icon would be hu...

• Word Count: 1906
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... began in Russia in about 1915 It was the year that Malevich revealed his Suprematist compositions that reduced painting to total abstraction. and rid the pictures of any reference whatsoever to the visual world. He is credited with being the first artist to do this; that is, forsake the ... of several other Avant Garde movements. Probably the most popular piece at his 1915 exhibition wasBLACK SQUARE? (real namesuprematist composition?. It's basically a black square on a slightly larger white square that forms a border around it. It was hung in the exhibition in the way an icon would be ...

• Word Count: 1935
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... must be investigated immediately and executed right away after being convicted. Appeal or right of defense was forbidden. Nikolayev was secretly tried and executed on December 29, 1934. This lead to the arrest and of long prison sentences of 19 members of the old left opposition, including Zinoviev, ... supporters of Trotsky or of Zinoviev. There were purges as early as 1928 where engineers, industrialists, farmers and state farm officials who were put on a public show trial and they were either executed or sent to prison. Charges ranged from Sabotage to political crimes, to spying. Th...

• Word Count: 1274
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

... Lenin was the stabilizer between the two groups. He hoped there could be collective rule in order to prevent a split within the Party. Lenin's death seemed to be the starting point of the rise of factionalism within the party. Lenin had doubts about both Right and Left. At the end of ... told the Committee that Lenin's fears about Stalin were groundless and that Stalin had worked in perfect harmony with himself and Kamenev ever since Lenin's death. As a result of this the Committee decided to leave Stalin in office as General Secretary of the Party. Also the C.C decided not to ... fac...

• Word Count: 1922
• Approx Pages: 8

... newspaper for a while. He was exiled many times for treason or various other crimes, but he always managed to return to the Russian political scene. Stalin first met Lenin in December 1905, and he joined Lenin's cause in 1912. Lenin liked Stalin, and Lenin did what he could to ... effectively, and for the first few years after Russia was collectivized, food production fell dramatically. Famine swept Russia, and many people starved to death. Stalin also killed nearly all of the elite members of his political party from 1934 to 1938 (Stalin Man 1653). After 1930, Stalin ... rebuilding Rus...

• Word Count: 1682
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... newspaper for a while. He was exiled many times for treason or various other crimes, but he always managed to return to the Russian political scene. Stalin first met Lenin in December 1905, and he joined Lenin's cause in 1912. Lenin liked Stalin, and Lenin did what he could to ... effectively, and for the first few years after Russia was collectivized, food production fell dramatically. Famine swept Russia, and many people starved to death. Stalin also killed nearly all of the elite members of his political party from 1934 to 1938 (Stalin Man 1653). After 1930, Stalin ... rebuilding Rus...

• Word Count: 1682
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School