... in animal testing annually worldwide ("Soundearth.com," 2010). These animals are used in an effort to test for the safety and efficacy of products for humans. The Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration require animal testing for the marketing and distribution of chemicals, vaccines, and drugs. However, both organizations reported that animal tests have 92% ... effectiveness in fighting disease and averting death caused by infectious agents (Casey et al., 2011). Furthermore, Ruggeri, Camp, and Miknyoczki (2013) reported that animal models help people unders...

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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... to me. Ever since I was a little girl, my mother always told me to look on every product I purchased, to make sure the company did not test on animals. Even to this day I still look before I buy. Hopefully, by the time you've finished reading this essay, I will have somehow wavered your opinion on this controversial subject. It has been shown that animals ... die in lethal dose tests performed in the United States. During a lethal dose test, the experimental substance is forced into the animals throats, or is pumped into their stomachs by a tube, sometimes causing death by stomach rupture...

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... of how these products were made. We do not think about the innocent, little bunnies that bleed from the lethal chemicals injected into their skin that lead to violent seizures and painful death. Millions of animals suffer like this just for the testing process of a product's ingredients. No product is worth the death of so many animals when there are many other, more efficient ... reason why animal testing should be illegal. Animal experimentation in the cosmetic industry is not only unnecessary for the testing of a product's ingredients, but also extremely expensive. Some companies arg...

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... Newscientist.com). Lab animals are being taught and persuaded to partake in experiments, rather than using coercion (Newscientist.com). Animals will work with the scientists, rather than against them (Newscientist.com). Test results will also be better because the animals aren't stressed (Newscientist.com). There will also be welfare benefits due to animals not being sedated or restrained (Newscientist.com). Animal Experimentation ... Jeffrey Dahmer attributed his fascination with murder and mutilation to classroom dissections (PETA). In the last interview before his death, televised on ...

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... products on animals? Many scientists would argue that it s more cost-efficient to test products on animals than on humans. Others say that they experiment on animals because animals are not as important as humans, which isn't necessarily true. Why should humans risk the death of animals for their own benefit? What makes a human s life any more valuable than any other creature s? Every ... him? This is different from eating another animal for survival purposes. Scientists do not need to test their products. People are exploiting lab animals because of their inability to communicate with ...

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... they are not aware of the harmful effect the test can have on them. Powdered substances are placed into the eyes of rabbits, and then the eyes progressive. As the effect on animals is researched, it becomes one of the major problems is caused by the Draize Test. "Liquid, flake, granule, and deterioration is recorded. The Draize test is responsible for the suffering and death of thousands of rabbits each year ... in the United States but does not prevent or help ... cure human injury." With no benefits to using this test it is apparent that it is unnecessary, ... ...

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... . I know of no achievement through vivisection, no scientific discovery, that could not have been obtained without such barbarism and cruelty. The whole thing is evil." Two of the most infamous testing methods used on animals - the Draize test and the LD-50 test - prove that Charles Mayo was indeed correct. Victims of these tests are typically rats, mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits. These ... more quickly. These rabbits also have less well-developed tearing mechanisms, and as a result, they are unable to protect themselves by washing the irritating substances from their eyes. "The eye irri...

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... someone could possibly do harmful tests on innocent animals like Gordon. Every year, millions of animals undergo painful suffering or death as a result of scientific research into the effects of drugs, food additives, cosmetics and other chemical products. While some people think animal testing is necessary, others ... medical treatments and procedures have been developed from experiments on animals. Since animals share many features with humans, scientists use animals to test the safety and effectiveness of newly developed drugs before testing it on humans. Medical doctors practice new ...

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... curing AIDS. This dog is being tested for a brand new hair dye. Another dog will be tested in the same way for toothpaste, another for face powder. This is known as the notorious LD-50 test. The test is complete when 50% of the test animals die. The surviving 50% are killed, autopsied and analyzed to determine which organs and systems were affected and why they didn't die ... during the test. The Draize test for eye and skin irritancy is equally horrifying. In the Draize test for eye irritancy, solutions of products are applied directly ... has argued that animal testing is inhumane an...

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... causing them so much pain and killing them . It is animal cruelty, you are taking a innocent animal and killing it and if the animal does not die during the test it will die soon after,or wont be properly treated and die and they "are "recycled" into other type of product tests" Things ... be 50%. Animals are force fed a toxic chemicals for just on test part and the test can last for months. This test can cause the animal to go into covulsions or vomit and get weaker. Another test is called the "acute dermal toxicity test". It is scraping the animals skin and then putting a substance on ...

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... and causing them so much pain and killing them . It is animal cruelty, you are taking a innocent animal and killing it and if the animal does notdie during the test it will die soon after,or wont be properly treated and die and they "are "recycled" into other type of product tests" Things ... be 50%. Animals are force fed a toxic chemicals for just on test part and the test can last for months. This test can cause the animal to go into covulsions or vomit and get weaker. Another test is called the "acute dermal toxicity test". It is scraping the animals skin and then putting a substance ...

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... disease. According to a report from the American Heart Association the decline of death rates from heart disease since the 1960's is a result of new methods of treatment. Many of the treatments are based on data from animal testing. So what are the experiments conducted? There are two widely known tests. The Draize eye irritancy test and the LD50 test. The Draize eye irritancy test was developed during WWII by a ... man named John Draize. The test recorded ... facilities responsible for their actions and awareness in handling and assessing animals. I hope that this has shed some light o...

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... injured eye. The other test is the toxicity or lethal dose test. This test indicates the amount of a given substance, which is necessary to kill a certain species. Animals are forced fed, injected, or forced to inhale substances such as laundry bleach or liquid drain cleaner in order to determine the toxicity. This causes their internal organs to rupture causing convulsions, massive bleeding, and eventual death. Both of these ... tests are cruel because they are very painful for the animals. Next, experts say animal testing is inaccurate and unnecessary. They say the Draize test is inac...

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... pump drugs into them. Even though the LD-50 test has been banned in parts of Europe and the United States, scientists still use this test to determine toxicity of drugs ("Animals "). Another regularly used test is the Draize test of which there are two common types: skin and eye irritants. Guinea pigs are the most commonly tested on animal for the Draize test. Their skin is cleaved and chemicals ... of human tissue testing can be used by combining three or more cells which creates a realistic human reaction. Another company working to produce alternatives is Procter & Gamble. Even thoug...

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... are subsequently destroyed (Sequoia, 29). There is also a Lethal Dose 100 test that determines the amount of a test substance required to kill 100% of the test animals. Ironically, results of these tests are rarely, if ever, used in situation of actual human poisoning. The skin irritancy test, similar to the eye irritancy test, is where an animal, most commonly a rodent, has a highly concentrated ... still use animal data to question the harmful effects of their products. The drugs Oraflex, Selacryn, Zomax, Suprol and Meritol produced such adverse side effects in humans, including death, ...

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... cats are silenced through a grotesque procedure. This process which consists of cutting the animals vocal chords to silence the specimen. The most common type of test used by corporations is the Draize test. The Draize test is used for testing the safety of the corporation's product. Sidney Gidens put it best in his essay entitled "The Use of Animals in Science", where Gidens says "Named after it's inventor ... , John Draize, who developed the method in 1944. The test consists of placing rabbits ... in stocks that immobilize their heads and then dropping the substance to be tested into o...

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... supplementing diets with Taurine. This also prevented Feline Urologic Syndrome (FUS) Heartworm: A rapid and accurate test now facilitates diagnosis of this insect-transmitted disease. Heartworm medication, also discovered through animal experimentation is one of the most important advances in the history Lime Disease: Spread by ticks, this disease causes arthritis as well as heart and Kidney ... temperature, Prevention of Polio: followed by depression, spasms respiratory or A disease marked by symptoms ranging from mild cardiac distress, convulsions, and death. infection to extensive par...

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... a serious of protest and riots, which have fallen short of their purpose. Although Vivisection has been taking place since the seventeenth century nothing has happened to stop the inequitable situation. Vivisection experiments fall into three categories: animal testing (attempts to test the toxicity of drugs and substances), experimental research on animals (study of human disease), dissection and Practice Surgery (teaching medical ... such products nearly all of them have been animal- tested. Every year, thousands of new cosmetic, personal care items and household products are introduce...

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... and only humans can get lung cancer from smoking cigarettes (NAVS). Because of this, animal test results frequently do not accurately represent the outcome of when a human has the same procedure or takes the same drug. This theory is evident in a tragic incident that took place in the 1950's. A drug called thalidomide was created to fight pregnant women's chronic nausea, known commonly ... PETA). A particular animal experimentation activist maintains "it is impossible to explore, explain, or predict the course of many diseases or the effects of many treatments without observing and test...

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... toxicity tests, animals are generally exposed to chemicals in ways that are meant to mimic human exposure, by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact and contact with the eyes. The type of animals used in this field include rodents, dogs, cats, fish, birds (chickens, hens, pigeons) rabbits, frogs, pigs, sheep, and ... and cosmetics. It is much like they tests that were used to test mustard gas, but it is much more scientific and in ways slightly crueler. The Draize testing involves dripping the test substance into a rabbit's eye and recording the damage over three to twenty-one days. Scientis...

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... whereas Thalidomide (a sedative drug) caused no reaction in rats but cause deformities in humans.(9) This is only one of the many cases where mice and rats have been found as faulty test subjects. Dogs have a cardiovascular and respiratory system similar to that of a human. Cats have a neurological system similar ... tests, animals are generally exposed to chemicals in ways that are meant to mimic human exposure, by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact and contact with the eyes. The type of animals used in this field include rodents, dogs, cats, fish, birds (chickens, hens, pigeons) rabbi...

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... . In our society we have come to see that animal research is an easy way to stay alive in the "publish or perish" world of academia. Nearly anything can be proven using animals as test subjects which is evident in the way that the tobacco industry still claims that their research proves that cigarettes do not cause cancer. (Linder, 1998). In spite ... experiments can't be extrapolated from one species to another. (Supress, 1998). Stroke is a dominant cause of sickness and death. However as Dr. Robert Sharpe reports, it's human studies that hold the key to success, not animal studies. Huma...

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... such as eye shadow, soap, furniture polish , may be tested on rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, dogs, cats and many other animals These tests are mainly used to test the degree of harm of the product and their ingredients on the human body. This is challenged by the point that animal testing is a scientific necessity field in order to save lives. A little boy is born with ... not be insulin dependent, they would be dead. Millions of people would risk death from heart attack, stroke or kidney failure from lack of medication to control the high blood pressure. There are a lot of alternatives to...

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... they think its essential to cure illnesses. This speech is to prove those Americans are wrong. The idea of animal testing is that they can be "models" for humans. However, animals are not like humans and each animal species has a unique biological system. Many drugs that test safe for animals are harmful to humans. For example, one source reports that out of ... or substantial changes in labeling. Some negative reactions were "heart failure, respiratory problems, convulsions, kidney and liver failure and death." Animal testing delays the chance of discovering a cure or even confusing th...

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... defects in rats, but is safe for humans. And strychnine has no effect on monkeys, chickens and guinea pigs but causes convulsions and even death in humans. One of the most controversial areas of the animal testing debate is the use of animals in tests for cosmetics and household cleaning products. These tests are not required by law and techniques used are quite brutal ... in many cases. The Draize Eye Irritancy Test involves chemicals being placed into the eyes of conscious rabbits. No anaesthetic is given and the rabbits are placed in stocks so they can't use their paws to dislodge th...

• Word Count: 666
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