... the first settlers were. Not surprisingly, it was a Native American tribe called 'Lenapes ("the people")'4 who began settling New York City in the middle of the 14th century. According to Mushabac and Wigan, the land was undisturbed by man with rolling hills, wooded areas, marshes ... early seventeenth century and settled New York6. This area was "polyethnic from its' inception5" which is an interesting find as New York City eventually became the mecca for European immigration and is now (and seems to have been since it was first bought by the Dutch West ... Marshall 1893, 754)". ...

• Word Count: 3406
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Rosary was started. The organization provided food, shelter and support to helpless, young, Irish female immigrants. Our Lady of the Rosary, located in New York City, assisted over 170,000 immigrant girls, and is still around today helping thousands obtain jobs and the training skills needed to make a decent living. Sadly ... living conditions bred sickness and early death. In the Mid 1850's, it was estimated that 80% of all infants born to Irish immigrants in New York City died. Their brogue and dress provoked ridicule; their poverty and illiteracy provoked scorn. The Irish actually arr...

• Word Count: 2562
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... , final ed. :17A. (EBSCOhost) "More-Responsible Rap." Christian Science Monitor 30 Sept. 1996: 88.20. (EBSCOhost) Collins, Glen. "Rap Music, Brash and Swaggering, Enters Mainstream." The New York Times 29 Aug. 1988, late city final ed. :C15. (Lexisi-Nexis) Kinnon, Joy. "Does Rap Have a Future"? Ebony June 1997: 76. (Lexis-Nexis) Williams, Terri. "Teens Favor Hip-Hop Despite Rap: Study Says ... Overshadows Other Nominees" Retrieved Sept. 1, 2002 from http://fyi.cnn.com/2001/SHOWBIZ/Music/2/19/grammy.eminem 8. Eminem, The Slim Shady LP. Aftermath, 1999 9. Mathers III, Marshall, Angry Blond...

• Word Count: 10219
• Approx Pages: 41
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... skills. Many were forced to become ditch diggers, bricklayers, stonecutters they also ran small fruit and vegetable stores. The average Sicilian male laborer in New York in 1910 earned an average $10.50 a week as much as $4.00 or 38% less than their counterparts. This caused full families including wives ... live in poverty in overcrowded conditions surrounded by vermin with no central heat or running water. Most tenants" only protection from the bitterly cold New York winters was a pot-bellied coal stove that they also used to heat water. Luckily the years of hard out door labor in Sicil...

• Word Count: 3231
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... . The frog had been pulverized and the ashes mixed with oaten meal; it would supposedly protect her from fever during the voyage to New York. Her mother then carefully unwrapped her preserved "caul" which had been in storage for eighteen years. This membrane which had protected Erin in ... farmers is attributed to the fact that the Irish lived in clusters in major cities, mainly in New England (72% were concentrated in Massachusetts, New York, Connecticut, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, many also made the trek to Ohio and Illinois) (B p.63). Ghettos were formed, dividing various races of ....

• Word Count: 4066
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Robert R. Livingston, Fulton launched a small, steam-driven paddle wheel boat that traveled up the Seine River. He then sailed to New York City, and then on August 18, 1807, Fulton's 150 foot Clermont made its famous successful run 150 miles form New York City to Albany in 32 hours, a trip that normally took four days (Pursell, 1995). It was not until the builders, however ... railroads underway so were canals. A major was to link Lake Erie and the other Great Lakes with the Atlantic Coast through a canal. The Erie Canal would connect a port of New York City by beginning at the Hudson R...

• Word Count: 3141
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

... peace. King was later released in early February after the SCLC advertisement of "Letter from a Selma Jail" that was published in the New York Times. In his letter King addressed many of outrageous laws that were placed on African Americans simply because of the color of their skin. ( ... during the Civil Rights Movement that was a driving force behind many protests and demonstrations was the NAACP. The NAACP was formed in 1909 in New York City by a group of black citizens committed to helping to right social injustices. On February 12, with the signatures of 60 people, the "Call" was ....

• Word Count: 3309
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... shoot to kill arsonists and the main looters." The actions by Richard J. Daley, were a sign of respect of King. Ironically, a year before, Daley was against having King speak in the city of Chicago. King's following had fallen off in the years leading up to his death. His moment had passed. Since the triumph of his Slema campaign, which climaxed in the ... but world-weary friends who had navigated the traffic-blocked thruway and felt the new society emerging, half a million strong, stoned and happy on that muddy farm north of New York City. Both critics and fans concede that Woodstock h...

• Word Count: 3259
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... will not reduce crime because criminals will still have guns. And if criminals still have guns violence will continue. New York City, for example, has very tight handgun restrictions. To buy a handgun, city residents must apply to the police for a permit. Very few permits are given out. They primarily go to active ... there were only 61,497 legally owned handguns in New York City, a city of nearly 8 million people. Yet research indicates that there are at least 750,000 hand guns in the city and gun - related crime remains high. In 1989, 70 percent of the city's twenty - two hundred homici...

• Word Count: 3071
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... today in the 1990. The methods for making profit has not change much for business people since the turn of the century. For example in New York City Chinatown many Asian immigrants still work in sweat shops, work long hours, paid the minimum wage , and are sexually harassed. They have no sick pay ... was able to earn money as a writer from a very early age, and with his savings he was able to attend college. He attended City College of New York from 1895 to 1897, and in 1897 he graduated with an A.B. degree. Following graduation, Sinclair went on to graduate study at Columbia University...

• Word Count: 4457
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: High School

... not reduce crime because criminals will still have guns. And if criminals still have guns violence will continue. New York City, for example, has very tight handgun restrictions. To buy a handgun, city residents must apply to the police for a permit. Very few permits are given out. They primarily go to ... there were only 61,497 legally owned handguns in New York City, a city of nearly 8 million people. Yet research indicates that there are at least 750,000 hand guns in the city and gun - related crime remains high. In 1989, 70 percent of the city's twenty - two hundred homicides were c...

• Word Count: 2982
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... There were heaps of garbage in the backyards of children's homes and thousands of abandoned automobile tires in empty lots. On the edge of the city is a large chemical plant, Monsanto. There is also a very large toxic waste incinerator, as well as a huge sewage treatment plant. If ... the best, and warehouse the rest." What I find particularly bitter is that so many of the voucher advocates say, "Well, look. If these inner-city public schools were doing a good job, then we wouldn't be talking about vouchers." They say, "Look at these decrepit school buildings in East St ... lot of ineff...

• Word Count: 4090
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School

... Certain areas were controlled by gangs that fought to defend or extend their territory. Gangsters such as Al Capone in Chicago and Legs Diamond in New York City were heavily involved in bootlegging. (Bootlegging) Rumor has it that Capone was making around $60,000,000 a year from the sale of alcohol ... to go to illegal speak-easies which replaced saloons after the start of prohibition. By 1925, there were over 100,000 speak-easies in New York City alone (Bowen, 160). As good as the intent of the idea, it was nearly impossible to enforce. As a result of prohibition the Bureau ... . (Wenb...

• Word Count: 3601
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Certain areas were controlled by gangs that fought to defend or extend their territory. Gangsters such as Al Capone in Chicago and Legs Diamond in New York City were heavily involved in bootlegging. (Bootlegging) Rumor has it that Capone was making around $60,000,000 a year from the sale of alcohol ... to go to illegal speak-easies which replaced saloons after the start of prohibition. By 1925, there were over 100,000 speak-easies in New York City alone (Bowen, 160). As good as the intent of the idea, it was nearly impossible to enforce. As a result of prohibition the Bureau ... . (Wenb...

• Word Count: 3601
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... Certain areas were controlled by gangs that fought to defend or extend their territory. Gangsters such as Al Capone in Chicago and Legs Diamond in New York City were heavily involved in bootlegging. (Bootlegging) Rumor has it that Capone was making around $60,000,000 a year from the sale of alcohol ... to go to illegal speak-easies which replaced saloons after the start of prohibition. By 1925, there were over 100,000 speak-easies in New York City alone (Bowen, 160). As good as the intent of the idea, it was nearly impossible to enforce. As a result of prohibition the Bureau ... . (Wenb...

• Word Count: 3604
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... public schools were receiving federal subsidies for textbooks, transportation, breakfast and lunch programs, and services for students with disabilities. This funding enriched schools across the country, especially inner-city schools, and affected the lives of millions of schoolchildren. Although federal funding increased, as did federal supervision, to guarantee an equitable distribution of funds, the government did not ... the war. Tension Between Localism and Centralization Individual states "rather than the federal government "have primary authority over public education in the Unit...

• Word Count: 7852
• Approx Pages: 31
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... Company. At the time, everybody was crew hopping. I can remember seeing Beat Street for the first time, and actually getting a glimpse of the some of New York's most famous B-boying crews on the big screen. Even though Wild Style is regarded as a more authentic Hip Hop flick, I actually saw Beat Street first. ... behind the scenes, that resulted in the evolution of the B-boy culture on both coasts. "There was a meeting when Sugar Pop came to New York in like 1980. We all hung out in my hallway. Sugar Pop was the Californian dude down with the Electric Boogaloos, the group that created pop...

• Word Count: 4679
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... issue in many areas of American society today. An article about Bernard C. Parks, a Los Angeles police chief who was denied a second five-year term, was published in the New York Times on April 10, 2002. After the Police Commission announced their decision, members of the African-American community were outraged, as they thought prejudice was partially to blame. Even prominent ... more current problems with interracial violence in cities like Detroit and New York between blacks, Koreans, Middle-Easterners, and whites. A month after the terror attacks of September 11, 2001, the New York ...

• Word Count: 2514
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography

... into the water. This event subsequently came to be known as Boston Tea party. The British retaliated by closing the Boston Harbor and removing the city's charter. The Americans in turn, issued a Declaration Of Rights which, among other things, prohibited import of any goods from Britain until Boston ... Philadelphia. Of the 13 colonies, 9 voted in favor of the Declaration, 2 - Pennsylvania and South Carolina voted 'No', Delaware remained undecided while New York abstained. The first newspaper to print the Declaration was the Pennsylvania Evening Post on July 6, 1776. On July 8th the Decl...

• Word Count: 4402
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography

... was criticized for pursuing a unilateral foreign policy; air travel was and commonplace; a divided Congress was preoccupied with the Social Security "lockbox-; and New York City was still enjoying a cultural renaissance. All of that changed on the morning of September 11th. Two commercial airplanes, hijacked by terrorists, crashed into the ... rebuilding the country's oil production facilities and electric power station. Last, by the way, Russia and Iraq signed $4 billion worth of contracts-*. * - New York Times. August 2002. In other words, Moscow does have a wish to avert a war but, u...

• Word Count: 7224
• Approx Pages: 29
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... "More-Responsible Rap." Christian Science Monitor 30 Sept. 1996: 88.20. (EBSCOhost) Collins, Glen. "Rap Music, Brash and Swaggering, Enters Mainstream." The New York Times 29 Aug. 1988, late city final ed. :C15. (Lexisi-Nexis) Kinnon, Joy. "Does Rap Have a Future"? Ebony June 1997: 76. (Lexis-Nexis) Williams, Terri. "Teens ... gave me a chance, and I lit a fire up under his ass..."- "White America", from "The Eminem Show" Eminem was born in Kansas City, Missouri. During his early years Marshall Mathers and his mother moved between Kansas and Michigan until the age of twelve when they se...

• Word Count: 5064
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... amount of determination from everyone, and that is what makes America a proud nation. In an article entitled, "Boms Punish Al-Qaeda," in the York Daily Record Newspaper, President Bush expresses his feelings on the ongoing war against Al-Qaeda. "On October 7, 2001, American and British forces unleashed ... the military action was designed to clear the way for sustained, comprehensive and relentless operations," to bring the terrorists to justice (Espo 1A). The York Daily Record Newspaper states that, "the initial strike involved fifty Tomahawk missiles, launched from American and British ...

• Word Count: 5783
• Approx Pages: 23
• Grade Level: High School

... "More-Responsible Rap." Christian Science Monitor 30 Sept. 1996: 88.20. (EBSCOhost) Collins, Glen. "Rap Music, Brash and Swaggering, Enters Mainstream." The New York Times 29 Aug. 1988, late city final ed. :C15. (Lexisi-Nexis) Kinnon, Joy. "Does Rap Have a Future"? Ebony June 1997: 76. (Lexis-Nexis) Williams, Terri. "Teens ... gave me a chance, and I lit a fire up under his ass..."- "White America", from "The Eminem Show" Eminem was born in Kansas City, Missouri. During his early years Marshall Mathers and his mother moved between Kansas and Michigan until the age of twelve when they se...

• Word Count: 5064
• Approx Pages: 20
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... can make any type of prejudice a thing of the past. To truly show the attitudes and positions of the baby boomer generation, an article from the Suburban Boomers Take on City Hall from Macomb Township to Westland (Detroit News Oct. 10, 2000) showed their activism in politics. They are voicing out their opinions and feeling to the ... city hall politicians about their discontent on the way things are enacted on their city. The article also claims that the baby boomers have been awakened and are desperate for change on issues like environment and government, it says ... Griffin, M. Decem...

• Word Count: 3320
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... had their struggles in not be accepted at schools, stores, restaurants, parties and bathrooms. The government gave limited funding for their schools and the city was segregated. Young black Children wore being teased and beaten up and sadly sometimes being murdered by the older white teenagers because of their skin ... with low voices about their struggles in the Plantation fields during slavery. The life style the African Americas movement began to rise in New York City. The Great Migration and prominent African American figures sparked this movement. This movement became known as the H...

• Word Count: 3713
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School