... Goods and Commission Merchant" who traveled abroad, was a member of a substantial if colorful Boston family. His grandfather, Major Thomas Melville, was a venerable survivor of the Boston Tea Party whose refusal to change the style of his clothing or his manners to fit the times made him an emblematic figure in  Oliver Wendell Holmes's poem "The Last Leaf." Herman would visit him in Boston and ... his father would turn to him in times of financial need, which were all too frequent ... . The other side of the family was Hudson Valley Dutch. His maternal grandfather, General Peter Gansev...

• Word Count: 2748
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• Has Bibliography

... be planted easily, could be sold within a year and required little processing. Sugar however required much more land and labor, allowing only wealthy growers to invest it. 3. Hundreds of thousands of African slaves were imported to work the sugar plantations. 4. African slaves outnumbered white settles 4:1. To control the slaves, "codes" were established, granting the slave owners complete control ... West Indies. English settlers who had been pushed out of the Indies migrated to North Carolina. Here, a similar slave code was established, setting the stage for slavery to invade America....

• Word Count: 4368
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... ; baneful, disastrous, sinister .Foul, iniquitous, atrocious, horrible, wicked .Indicating disgrace, censure, liability to punishment, etc."" (24). These European feelings of racial superiority and negativity towards blacks were brought to America by the English settlers. It was the United States' dependence on African slave labor, however, ... 1930's and 1940's, many northern whites resorted to violence to keep blacks from purchasing homes in white neighborhoods- (81). The development and growth of racism in America was a long, complicated process. Destroying the black and white barriers...

• Word Count: 2514
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• Has Bibliography

... as the United States that we live in today. Now onto the U.S.A. The first execution, not legal but first, happened in 1608 with the killing of George Kendall. In 1612 Divine, Moral, and Martial law was established by Virginia's Governor. This made the death penalty punishable to such crimes as stealing ... proved useless in preventing them in the future. He also stated that the death penalty only made it harder on our legislature in the effort of trying to find convictions due to the fact that the death penalty was mandatory and did not require a guilty verdict. Quickly after his statemen...

• Word Count: 3139
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... derived in 16th century Europe as a way to address a prostitute or harlot. Centuries later, the word became commonly used prisons, used when a male prisoner was perceived to be the property of another male prisoner; forced to acquiesce to dehumanizing demands put upon him, including submission to homosexual assaults and torture. In the 1970's the word "punk" became synonymous with unconventional behaviors ... prejudiced against nonconformity to a conservative standard. Punk rock was not so much a sub-culture as it was a counter-culture. It inadvertently and deliberately sought to undermin...

• Word Count: 3241
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... It describes the process which starts when an Obscure Individual does something Creative, Courageous, Frivolous, or Frightening (C2F2). The media decide that he will make a Good Copy (GC). Using millions of newspapers, magazines, radios, and television sets, the media form a peephole through which the public can scrutinize him. The Public's Impression through the Media Peephole (PIMP) suddenly makes him more ... class on a Daily basis and one in particular sparks his curiosity. Arms Control and Disarmament 452 is held in the Defense Department, which is located in the passageways of the ...

• Word Count: 3488
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... election, they would have to support the two candidates as equals. According to Ellis, Jefferson worked very diligently in 1800 to bring about a Republican victory. He drafted the Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 to protest against the Alien and Sedition Acts, which launched a Republican campaign to drive the Federalists from power. By 1800 Jefferson was very active in political activities. He took ... interest rates (Cunningham, 120). The Federalists never clearly stated their platform but chose to rely on the precedents set by Washington and Adams and lay party claim to the accomplishments...

• Word Count: 2510
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a considerable effect on Louise's father, once there he began to drink heavily. His drinking grew so increasingly problematic that by the time August of 1889 rolled around Louise's mother had filed for divorce and Louise would never see her father again. Louise certainly knew about her fathers drinking problem ... She began by contributing drawings and would eventually become the society editor. A fact that may have helped her land the job, was that the publisher of the Spectator, Hugh Hume was well known as a ladies man. It was around this time when Louise meet her first husband, Paul ...

• Word Count: 4198
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... commerce-). Nation's economy is an additional factor that helped determine the election results. The most important influence on the economy was the boom in the American industry and the rise of big businesses, especially in the northern states. Among the largest corporations were John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil and Andrew Carnegie's Carnegie Steel. John D. Rockefeller made his fortune at a young ... including the Mugwumps- (1). Mugwumps were former Republicans who, after many disagreements with their party, turned around and voted Democratic. (Reisman 52) The biggest controversy with...

• Word Count: 2678
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... different and less attractive than his peers. Throughout his youth, he was uncomfortable with others and himself. Some childhood activities that perhaps could have hinted towards a violent future included a hobby of arson (Berkowitz 1). David was unaware that his adopted mother, Pearl, had suffered from breast cancer before he was born until her re-occurrence in 1965 and again in 1967. David ... found nothing. The only common thread was that the psycho had randomly chosen targets for his killings (Panic 2). Berkowitz demons continued to plague him, and the killings continued. The evenin...

• Word Count: 2646
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... is necessary to look at the Church's role in the Empire. At that time, the Church had a double role. First, the Church was a constitution that provided spiritual guidance and a place of worship to people. Additionally, the Church was effectively involved in the ruling the land. Religion and politics were inseparable. Anyone who dared The Council: 11 oppose the Church was very ... for if a prophet may be forgotten, a god will never be. Thus, if Jesus was made into a God figure the Church would never forfeit its commanding authority (Salmawy, 2002, 1). The divinity of Jesus was adopted alo...

• Word Count: 2796
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

... . Within the GMD government there was no interest in a social revolution and the reforms that were made by them, had little effect outside large towns or on the welfare of the majority of the population. Thus, initial support for GMD was alienated as the Chinese still looked for a solution not only to their social, political and economic problems but also to their ... world's depression in the 1930's, all that contributed to the unbearable situation.(4) GMD's unsuccessful attempts to save China In 1921, a few young radicals, including Mao Zedong, held the first congress of the CCP. Three ...

• Word Count: 2531
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... capacity for cynicism, Newland should worry about corrupting her innocence: however, it is interesting that he is also beginning to have an inkling of how important social forces are in constructing the personas which individuals adopt in order to be accepted in society. He thinks about the hypocrisy ... is: something which their elders and betters' consider to be a suitable match, and not an engagement which has taken place as the result of genuine love and passion. His reaction to Ellen exhibits more passion than he displays towards May and yet he is reassuring everyone (including him...

• Word Count: 2957
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... it. During the 1920s, the Republicans main aim was to give business leaders a free hand to make maximum profits. So, the regulation of business by federal agencies was reduced to a minimum. Government expenditure was kept low. Taxes were cut on high incomes and profits. And, ... 600,000 horses to the Allies during the war, for example). In the 1920s, however, European farming had recovered and there was a glut of many farm products. American agricultural exports were worth $3.8 billion in 1919-20, but they were worth just $1.9 billion a year later. Greater world ... in the city ghettoe...

• Word Count: 3214
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

... the most important influence in this sacrifice is society. Society has been personified in the novel and almost becomes a character. Wharton presents us an image of this character coming between Ellen and Archer. Society rallies around May and forms a collective. This body comes between Ellen and Archer and pushes them apart. ... ? Wharton shows them as being so socially influential that they can make or break any reputation. I find it interesting that they are constantly in control of Ellen's fate, when the Mingotts give a party to introduce Ellen to society, every invitation is decline...

• Word Count: 2558
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

... on America, which he co-edited. His latest novel, My Sad Republic, was recently awarded with the Philippine Centennial Prize for Fiction. A book of poems, Zero Gravity, was awarded the New York/New England Selection by Alice James Books, and was recently published. He teaches at the Asia/Pacific ... . "A few years later he met Meg Turner. She went into the club and caused a minor commotion when she started taking photographs of the place and also of Sal and the other performers. Bouncers sprang to attention, hovered around her and gruffly suggested that she should cut it out. But they .....

• Word Count: 4167
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... TV viewing is relaxation and emptying the mind. Therefore, the entertainment programs, being the only choice for relaxation, are the most effective tools of influence. The notation being that during programs the viewers are least busy with conscious mental activities. The TV series (mostly soap operas) are ... humanity can not be tested the same way. Such a belief is correct, valid and proper to the extent that it is anchored in a group of people with similar beliefs, opinions and attitudes" (Turner, 19). This hypothesis by Festinger is supported by three additional points: 1) If other p...

• Word Count: 2823
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... than the government). The Mafia bosses controlled the how, where, and who: just like Ford reshaped automobiles and technology, gangland America 'reformed' society. The American Way of Life Only one third of American homes had access to electricity in 1919. Electricity opened up and brightened everyone's world. The light bulb was a miracle. Electricity made it possible for the radio ... which they repeat over and over again. This method revolutionised all American industries, and eventually spread worldwide. It gave people, especially the youth and woman, new lifestyles and notions of so...

• Word Count: 2893
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... 1919) The professor and the other students laughed at him. He decided that he did not want to attend that school and dropped out of the Polytechnic. He then started work at the Continental Edison Company in France. He never stopped working on the alternating current system though. ... engineer was respected in the new country. After a short time, Tesla was introduced to A.K. Brown, who was willing to look to the future of electricity; in other words, he was willing to accept the alternating current system. Tesla, with Brown's financial backing, set up shop at 33-35 ... system. (Cheney, 19...

• Word Count: 3094
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... in the borough. The population density is 9,177.6/km (23,330.0/mi). There are 799 housing units at an average density of 3,085.0 persons/km (7,842.1 persons/mi). The racial makeup of the borough is 67.02% White, 1.68% African American, 0.50% Native American, 2.52% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander ... residing in the town. The population density is 1,711.4/km (4,433.2/mi). There are 13,872 housing units at an average density of 586.0 persons/km (1,518.0 persons/mi). The racial makeup of the town is 75.75% White, 3.97% African American, 0.37% Native American, 5.50% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Island...

• Word Count: 4700
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

... he couldn't afford to support Carrie any longer. His repeated attempt to find work became unsuccessful and he began to drift into a life of poverty and disheveled personal appearance. One day when Mrs. Vance came to visit Carrie, she is easily shocked by Hurstwood's disheveled appearance and ... to no avail for Drouet because Carrie cannot be conned any longer. Carrie's end culminated in great social and material success. However, none of these successes brought her close to happiness or satisfaction. She still suffered from the chronic dissatisfaction that she has worked all her life a...

• Word Count: 7760
• Approx Pages: 31
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... a statement saying that the bombings in Cuba were ". . . carried out by 'Cubans inside Cuba' who were 'in contact with' the top command of the Revolutionary Council . . . ." The New York Times reporter covering the story alluded to something being wrong with the whole situation when he wondered how ... could now take on anyone who interfered with American interests. In late 1958 Castro was still fighting a guerilla war against the corrupt regime of Fulgencio Batista. Before he came to power, there was an incident between his troops and some vacationing American troops from the nearby A...

• Word Count: 4207
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

... as representatives for the House of Commons and they pushed for a voice where their tax money was spent. In 1642, the Puritan Revolution began. It lasted for about 7 years. The "Roundheads" lead by Oliver Cromwell fought for more voice in government. The Cavaliers, which consisted of wealthy English nobles and aristocrats fought against the Puritans. As a result of the conflict, Charles I ... was beheaded and Oliver Cromwell ruled England for a short period of time. Many Puritans fled to America during the conflict to avoid persecution by ... the King and begin a government in which the...

• Word Count: 3431
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

... , their father's alcoholism, poverty, prejudice and infant mortality over a 15 year period, from 1935 to 1950, initially in New York and then for most of that time in Limerick. The McCourts are a working class Irish family. The father Malachy is a protestant from Ulster while the mother is Roman Catholic from ... young man on his own. McCourt sets the scene in his first lines: "When I look back on my childhood I wonder how I survived at all. It was, of course, a miserable childhood: the happy childhood is hardly worth your while. . . the poverty; the shiftless loquacious alcoholic fathe...

• Word Count: 3537
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• Grade Level: High School

... own beliefs? 4 5. What is the most important word in the book (or in a particular chapter or section)? The most important passage? The most important event? Explain . .5-6 Part 2 Points of Interest 6. What parts of this book are worth reading again and again? Why? .7-8 7. What parts (aspects, elements) detract from the book's overall effectiveness? Why? 8 8. What patterns have you discovered in the text (plot ... been trying to reach all his life. He never let anyone hold him back. Part 2 6. Throughout Frank's life, he sees his brothers" and sister's lives taken away as a result of thei...

• Word Count: 2588
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School