Each stage in that advancement has involved greater standardization of technology and, in recent times, more homogenization of its functionality. Most of the business applications today are the benefits of customization which would be overcome by the costs of confinement. IT is also highly replicable. Certainly, it is very hard to conceive a more faultless commodity than a small byte of data "unceasingly and perfectly reproducible at nearly no cost.
2.3 From Infraction to Justification.
The functional risks associated with IT are technical complications, unreliable sellers/allies, admittance, security cracks, service disruptions, even terrorism and some have also become disproportionate as companies have progressed from strongly organized, branded systems to open and shared ones. Today, an IT disorder can paralyze a company's ability to make the products, provide its services, and connect with its customers, not to mention to foul its name. Even then, some companies have done an in-depth job of recognizing and lessening their weaknesses. Concerning regarding what might go wrong in the future may not be a fair job, but it is important to concern about what we are doing at present.
3. Counter arguments .
3.1 Counter by McAfee.
Andrew McAfee; assistant professor of technology and operations management at HBS (Harvard Business School); says that it's a matter of whether we're talking about IT improving production or competition. He poses a question saying that "the telephone has made us able to get more things done in a day. Has the phone continued to completely mark the competitive stability among firms? No. That is Carr's point. ".
3.2 DE Marco's argument.
He says that the argument made by Nicholas is not correctly justified. Carr compares railways, electricity with IT. Each term has a very similar turn, so Carr infers that IT is commoditized. But what actually strategized in his chart is the number of computers, which is not exactly as IT.