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children behavioral disorders

 

            In the United States there are three to seven percent of school age children diagnosed with ADD/ADHD. It is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders, and a chronic disorder that can impair many aspects of daily life such as home, school, relationships, and everyday activities. ADD/ADHD is a condition that has been recognized and studied for over a century. It has been known as several different names over the years, such as "brain damage syndrome," "minimal brain dysfunction (MBD)," "maturational lag," and "hyperkinetic impulsive disorder (Lavin 1989)." Although people with this disorder can be successful and not even known they have it and haven't received treatment it could have serious consequences. This could be depression, substance abuse, school failure, and conduct disorder. That is why early identification and treatment are so very important (Flick, 1998). In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) there is a Diagnostic criteria for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as shown below:.
             (1) six or more of the following symptoms of inattention have persisted for at least 6 months to a degree that is maladaptive and inconsistent with developmental level:.
             Inattentive.
             (a) often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, work, or other activities.
             (b) often have difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities.
             (c) often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly.
             (d) often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish school work, chores, or duties in the workplace.
             (e) often has difficulty organizing tasks and activities.
             (f) often avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort.
             (g) often loses things necessary for tasks or activities.
             (h) is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli.
             (i) is often forgetful in daily activities.
             (2) six (or more) of the following symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity have persisted for at least 6 months to a degree that is maladaptive and inconsistent with developmental level:.


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