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nitrogen

 

            
            
             Concept Chemistry 5 ∘, 6 ∘.
            
            
             Nitrogen is a Group 15 element, has an atomic mass of 14. It makes up about 78% of the atmosphere and it is the fifth most abundant element in the universe. The French chemist Antoine Laurent Lavoisier named nitrogen azote, meaning without life. However, its compounds are vital components of foods, fertilizers, and explosives. Nitrogen gas is colorless, odorless, and generally inert. As a liquid it is also colorless and odorless.
             In 1772, Daniel Rutherford discovered Nitrogen. He had mixed oxygen and carbon dioxide, this two elements he removed them from air. Nitrogen is used in very large amounts for steel mill products and in drug industries. Nitrogen is used for freezing food and transporting it. Liquid nitrogen is used in missile work, as an insulator for space ships and by oil industries to make crude oil. But, the largest use of nitrogen is for the production of ammonia (NH3). Large amounts of nitrogen are combined with hydrogen to produce ammonia. Large amounts of ammonia are then used to create fertilizers, explosives and, nitric acid (HNO3).
             Nitrogen has a melting point of 63.29K, a boiling point of 77.4K and a critical temperature of 126.2K. From a source in our atmosphere, nitrogen gas can be obtained by liquefaction and fractional distillation. Nitrogen is found in all living systems as part of the makeup of biological compounds. Our lives would be different without Nitrogen in that we wouldn't have many types of oil, fertilizers, and explosives. There is no substitute for Nitrogen; therefore, without it life would be very different.
            


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