Rabbinic Judaism evolved on for about five more centuries. In these five centuries they made a few changes to their beliefs: they replaced the Temple with the Synagogue, the priests with Rabbis, and sacrificial ceremonies with Prayer service. Study of the Torah was still emphasized as well as the need for national restoration of the nation of Israel in the Promised Land, and the idea that this world is only a step on our journey to the world to come.
With the coming of the 19th Century, new problems and questions arose for the Jews. They questioned if they should maintain tradition when the entire non-Jewish world demanded its abandonment. Different solutions were reached. In Eastern Europe, the Haskalah or the Jewish enlightenment movement tried to revitalize Jewish life by adding elements of the best in European life. But eventually, in reaction to persecution by other nations and peoples, Zionism or a desire for a Jewish nation arose, calling for the recreation of the nation of Israel in the Holy Land. To this very day though, the biggest dividing factor among Jews is the Halakah, or the Law. Orthodox Jews regard the Halakah as derived from God and therefore rules to live by, while reform Jew see it only as binding in its ethical content. Conservative Jews take the middle road, keeping most of the old rituals and beliefs but admitting that change is needed because of the modernization and industrialization of the rest !.
of the world. Reconstruction Judaism is a 20th century movement, accepting all forms of Jewish practice, and regarding Judaism as a culture rather than a Religion or theological system. Today, Judaism has about 18 million followers.
HINDUISM.
Hinduism is called Sanatana Dharma' in the Sanskrit, the original language of India. Sanatana' means Everlasting while Dharma', crudely translated, means Religion. The Everlasting Religion lives and exists mainly in India.
Hinduism is a very intricate and complex system of books and writings that when put together, form a code of life.