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Police Malpractice


" Herbert also says that a spatial or geographic view is essential to permit a useful assessment of the aspects of violence.
             During the nineteenth century, government officials and researchers used crime maps to effectively study violence. These manually produced maps showed the reality that patterns of violence were unevenly spread across European regions; France and the United Kingdom were the nations more actively involved in these early crime mapping efforts (Herbert). The majority of these maps have demonstrated that the efficiency of law enforcement agencies and the frequency of criminal activities are two distinct issues that do not occur evenly over regions. The ways in which law enforcement agencies operate can vary in different parts of the nation, and Bass (2001) describes policing activities as "essential a spatially deployed public service." Various kinds of offenses can occur at the national or regional level in a diverse arrangement. Index crimes for example, have the tendency of exhibiting pronounced geographic concentrations, particularly in metropolitan regions (Bass).
             Police malpractice is the term used by Lersch and Feagin (1996) to describe police corruption and the violent encounters between citizens and law enforcement agents. Tension between people of color and the police is common in many states of the U.S. since racial minorities have been vulnerable to abusive policing practices. .
             In terms of police brutality as a form of misconduct, Cruz (1995: 34) refers to this issue as a critical problem in which "the social science literature pays little attention." This form of aggressive police behavior is defined as an extra-legal mechanism of control and subordination that includes any offense involving torture, excessive physical force, verbal and psychological abuse, and violation of civil rights (Lersch and Feagin). The tendency of emphasizing California and New York's police brutality cases, and ignoring the less populated states, characterizes a substantial number of news organizations and crime research groups.


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