Additional type of inferior temporal lobe damage is called prosopagnosia (impairment in the recognition of faces and distinction of unique individual facial features (Pertzov et al., 2013).
Frontotemporal amnesia, Pick's disease, is caused by atrophy of the frontotemporal lobe. Emotional symptoms include mood changes, poor attention span and aggressive behavior. Language symptoms include loss of speech, inability to read and write, loss of vocabulary and overall degeneration of motor ability (Takeda, Kishimoto, & Yokota, 2012).
2. Discuss the major brain structures involved in movement: their role and what problems might arise if there were damage to each. .
Different parts of the brain are responsible for controlling movements of various parts of the body and its organs. Cerebrum is the part of the brain that controls voluntary movement of the body (Carlson & Carlson, 2012). Voluntary movements are formed in the primary motor cortex. Frontal lobe motor area is responsible for planning movements. Damage caused to these areas can lead to motor neuron diseases and impair the muscle movements (speech, walking and breathing) (Carlson & Carlson, 2012). Most cases of apraxia are produced by lesions of the left frontal or parietal cortex. A person with apraxia has a difficulty making controlled movements of the limb or trying to reproduce another person's action.
Cerebellum is responsible for controlling, balancing and coordinating the way body moves. Aging, head injury, migraine headache, accident, alcoholism or addiction to drugs can create problem with the cerebellum and lead to stroke, tumors and hemorrhage (Carlson & Carlson, 2012). Damage to the vestibular part of the cerebellum can impair walking and other activities that need balance. Coordination problem in arm and hands, difficulties with speed can occur when the lower part of the cerebellum is affected. Involuntary muscles are controlled by the activity of the part of the brainstem (Carlson & Carlson, 2012).
