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3D Printing, Drug Research and Design

            
             What is drug research and development? Drug research and development is creation and testing of new pharmaceuticals in scientific laboratories and clinical settings. Drug research and design is an important part of modern pharmaceuticals. Without drug research and development many pharmaceuticals would be available to the public without first being tested for deleterious health effects that may in fact be worse than the ailment the patient is currently facing. These side effects can be discovered in humans through clinical trials. There are many different types of clinical trials out there that aid to the advancement of scientific knowledge. However, clinical trials in pharmaceuticals are usually compensated testing for the efficacy of new drugs. Before new drugs reach this step they must pass a series of vigorous testing in the laboratory. In the laboratory is where a drug is designed and then goes through a set of trials in vitro studies and also in vivo studies, with the use of animal models. The in vitro studies can be anything from the drug's effects on the blood stream or dopamine levels in the brain. Animal models give a better idea of the drug's effects in a complex model. Rats and mice are a favored animal model in the area of pharmaceuticals, because of they are small animals and have many of the same bodily functions as humans. In contrast many people are opposed to the use of animal models in research. It is deemed as unethical especially if many animals are dying. The question is often asked is man's life more important than another animals? Regardless of how one feels the prevention of both animal and human aspect of the research and development stage of a drug is important and very much needed in science. .
             The first step to lower the mortality rate of animal models and fewer instances of harsh side effects for humans in clinical trials is to change testing methods before the animal testing is done in the laboratory setting.


Essays Related to 3D Printing, Drug Research and Design

1. 3D Printing and Structures

Currently, 3D printing is being used throughout the world to make construction more efficient. ... The Economist explains common processes in 3D printing, such as selective laser melting, industrial robots building upwards, and the pros of 3D printing, such as the greater flexibility in design and construction time. ... A positive element of 3D printing identified by The Economist, is the opportunity to save in construction time, as well as achieve a greater flexibility in design ("A bridge to the future," 2015, para. 8). ... Even though 3D printing is not at that level yet, it is ad...

  • Word Count: 910
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

2. The Many Benefits of 3D Printing

However only limited amounts have been as innovative as 3D printing has the potential to be. ... In my final collection I hope to simulate Iris Van Herpen's use of 3D printing through a sculptural lens, however for the physical needs of the wearer, I will be exploring 3D printing in a more functional way, producing a more comfortable design (Hiscott, 2014). 3D printing will enable me to produce something that with traditional fabrics would be almost impossible and unreasonably time consuming. ... In my final collection I will attempt to use 3D printing in ways similar to both, in which bo...

  • Word Count: 2074
  • Approx Pages: 8
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

3. 3D Printing - Technology and Engineering Education

" This article was written to explain how 3D printing can be used in education but it also explains what 3D printing was in general very well. ... Additive manufacturing has become a breakthrough for companies that specialize in the design of new products by allowing rapid-prototyping (Martin 31). 3D printing technology has advanced the greatest in the last five years. ... "For example, 3D printers have been linked to the design and manufacture of unregulated firearms" (Martin 31). ... "3D Printing In Technology and Engineering Education." explained evolution of 3D pri...

  • Word Count: 628
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Has Bibliography

4. Intellectual Property Infringement of 3D Printing Analysis

Enter 3D printing, a technology with endless potential, both good and bad. So what exactly is 3D printing? ... " This is intriguing for a number of reasons: there is no supply chain required, there is no need for a team of researchers and developers, and no pesky lawmaking bodies to navigate. ... However, a design or added use can be protected under copyright law. ... He recounts an instance in a designer manufactured a product via 3D printer that was considered unique; the design was not shared with the public. ...

  • Word Count: 2695
  • Approx Pages: 11
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

5. Intellectual Property Infringement of 3D Printing Analysis

Enter 3D printing, a technology with endless potential, both good and bad. So what exactly is 3D printing? ... " This is intriguing for a number of reasons: there is no supply chain required, there is no need for a team of researchers and developers, and no pesky lawmaking bodies to navigate. ... However, a design or added use can be protected under copyright law. ... He recounts an instance in a designer manufactured a product via 3D printer that was considered unique; the design was not shared with the public. ...

  • Word Count: 2695
  • Approx Pages: 11
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

6. The Art Of 3-D Printing

Over the years with more technologies came the invention of the 3D Printer. The importance of this invention to our future can only be measured in time. 3D printing allows doctors to make kidneys, lungs, ears, and for engineers the manufacturing of cars, also for architects to build houses. Not many understand what 3D printing is, how it works and where it is applied. ... I signed up for a Design Tech class at ARC, in fact, the class is being tried out for the first time. ... Plastic is doing well but other materials still need a lot of work, also there are limits what can be printed, moving...

  • Word Count: 1232
  • Approx Pages: 5

7. DIGITAL PRINTING

Digital Printing. ... The whole system is computer-driven, allowing the design and data to be manipulated or changed on-line. ... Benefits of Digital Presses ~ Digital printing cuts out a number of stages in the conventional printing process (films and plates). ... ~ Because the press links directly with a computer which holds the design, it is possible to merge data files with the design file to allow individual personalisation or to target batches of leaflets to different markets. ... Thus the basic idea could be designed to have areas which could be changed - for example to mak...

  • Word Count: 1198
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Grade Level: High School

8. 3d computer animation

3D Computer animation started to gain in popularity in the early 90's and has progressed and modified to this date. ... In 1967 William Fetter designed a cock pit simulation for Boeing which had a 3D computer animated human. In 1982 non-edge cloud and smoke simulations were designed by Geoffrey Ardner at Grumman Data Systems. ... The Nintendo 64 and Playstation were a huge success when they hit the shelves in 1994 due to the unbelievable computer designed graphics. In 1995 the 3D-computer animation age was born when the release of Toy Story introduced the public to full-length computer...

  • Word Count: 479
  • Approx Pages: 2

9. Printing, Religion and Culture

Printing also helped to spread awareness about the new philosophy emerging during the renaissance called humanism. Humanism was developed by study of ancient texts that had not yet been researched because of their pagan authors and foreign language. ... The printing press improved communication between people from different regions. ... The Church was also eager to take advantage of the printing press as well. ... The development of printing modified ideas in European culture and religion. ...

  • Word Count: 1050
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

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