Assessment of a child with croup is ideal in a hospital situation because of the chance of airway resistance. Pulse oximeters are essential in the assessment, but the article stresses that direct observation is more important. There are times that the child's oxygen saturation may be sufficient, but might have increased work of breathing and respiratory distress regardless of their saturation. Primary assessment should be taken for each identified problem then resolved before moving on to the next. Assessment of a child should be ongoing.
There are differential diagnoses that a nurse should be aware of. Children with croup symptoms under the age of four months probably have congenital abnormality. Most concerning is epilglottitis, which is rare now because of the HIB immunization. Epiglottis causes signs and symptoms of drooling, dysphagia, dysphonia, distress, and stridor.
There are various treatments for croup and it has evolved throughout the years. Humidity and adrenaline are not used as much anymore. They have found that humidity is more of a placebo than a treatment. Adrenaline usage causes the need for ECG monitoring and severe side effects. The most used now are steroids. They do not show much difference between inhaled, injected or oral steroids, but oral steroids seems more compliant with the child. .
Through treatment it is essential for the child to remain calm and rest. If the child is restless, there is an increase for hypoxia. Also hydration and reduction of pyrexia are needed. If the patient has a temperature, the respiratory rate increases which can make the situation worse. Antipyretics are also indicated for pain management in children for symptoms like a sore throat. Input and output, skin assessment and heart rate should be monitored for signs of dehydration and need for IV therapy.
Education for the family is needed to teach them the warning signs and when to contact their physician.
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Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant by Anne Tyler takes place mainly in Baltimore between 1924 to 1980. Pearl Cody Tull is on her deathbed, on the verge of death. From there she flashes back to her past, and all the events in her life that brought her to where she is now. Pearl at the age of thirty...
Antibiotics are among the most powerful and important medicines known. When used correctly they can save lives, but used improperly, they can actually harm a child. Antibiotics shouldn't be used to treat viral infections. Bacteria and Viruses are two main type of germs. Viruses cause most coughs an...
Second- Hand Smoke is not just annoying; it is dangerous. Lung Cancer isn't the only deadly effect of Second-Hand Smoke. The American Heart Association estimates 40,000 die each year from heart and blood vessel disease caused by second-hand smoke. Environmental Protection agency is responsible for a...
Art is something that is common to many of us, and it would be very difficult to stamp it out of our society and culture. That, however, is a feat the Puritans tried to accomplish. They are "blamed" for "overrating morality" to the point in which they completely "suppressed art" (Hoffman 53)....
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Some diseases requiring Strict Isolation are: 1) Anthrax, inhalation (pulmonary) 2) Bronchiolitis in infants, unknown etiology 3) Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) 4) Rabies 5) Pneumonic plaques 6) Smallpox 7) Burn patients infected with Staphylococcus or Streptococcus 8) Rubella Specified protective equipment must also be worn during Strict Isolation. ...
A chain of command refers to the power structure of a society. Within the chain, those positioned at the top executes their right of power by asserting commands; in which, the lower-ranked personnel procedurally carries out the orders. The history of the early United States paints an image of this ...
The body is clean with a, moderately refined throat latch and neck;well-angulated shoulder; broad chest and loins; short back; deep flanks; round croup;straight, sound legs with dense bone and an appearance of overall hardiness; round, hardhooves; adequate mane and tail. ...
