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Brick Making in Mesopotamia


            
             It was possibly as long ago as 8000 BC in Ancient Mesopotamia (a part of modern Iraq) when man first found out that clay could be dried and shaped in the sun to make a building material. The objects made in this process were called bricks. A brick is defined as a rectangular manufactured block of dried or fired clay, small enough to be lifted and placed with one hand, used in building. Small amounts of CaCO3 and silt might be added to the mixture for strength. .
             The bricks made in Mesopotamia were made of ceramic material. The first kind of bricks made and used were the mud - bricks. These bricks were made from a mixture of mud and small pieces of straw or reeds. Leaving them out in the sun to dry would harden them. This would take most of the water out of the brick making it more durable. .
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             These bricks were used to build the first stage of the ziggurat. An average of 7,000,000 mud-bricks would have been needed. To make the bricks the Nile mud is used. First it is moistened. It is then kneaded thoroughly with an Egyptian hoe. Next it is put in wooden moulds which caused the bricks to be stamped with the name of the king who is on the thrown at the time. After that the bricks are placed in the sun to dry. The dried bricks are then placed in piles ready for the builders to take them for their work. The mortar for the bricks was also made from the Nile's mud. .
             The way it is thought that baked bricks were made seems to only be a continuation of the mud-brick process. Methods start where the process for mud-bricks ends. It first says that after the bricks are dry they are placed flat with gaps in between each one. Then the stack of bricks is covered with a dome of mud.
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             Dry twigs are pushed in the holes made from the gaps left in between the bricks. The twigs are then set on fire and left to burn themselves out. When the fire is out and the bricks are cooled they are removed from the dome of mud.


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